Mahāvīra (Vardhamāna)
{"TemplateVersion":1,"WpPageId":193871,"ParentWpPageId":159379,"Slug":"mahavira-vardhamana","Title":"Mahāvīra (Vardhamāna)","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/mahavira-vardhamana/","Kicker":"Philosopher Profile","DisplayTitle":"Mahāvīra (Vardhamāna)","Deck":"Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara associated with ahiṃsā, anekāntavāda, aparigraha, ascetic liberation, kevala-jñāna, and the Jain Āgama teaching tradition.","BackLink":{"Text":"Back to Philosophers","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/"},"ContextCards":[{"Label":"Period","Title":"Ancient History","DateText":"3000 BCE – 499 CE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-ancient-history/"},{"Label":"Era","Title":"Iron Age","DateText":"1200 BCE – 501 BCE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-ancient-history/philosophers-of-the-iron-age/"},{"Label":"Born","Title":"599 BCE","DateText":"","Url":""},{"Label":"Died","Title":"527 BCE","DateText":"","Url":""}],"GeoCards":[{"Label":"Region","Key":"Region:2"},{"Label":"Terra Avita","Key":"TerraAvita:9"},{"Label":"Terra Avita Region","Key":"TerraAvitaRegion:37"},{"Label":"Modern Country","Key":"Country:IND:9"}],"School":{"Label":"School","Title":"Jainism","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/schools/jainism/","Deck":"Jainism centers Mahāvīra (Vardhamāna) here and frames Jain philosophy through jīva, ajīva, karma, ahiṃsā, anekāntavāda, syādvāda, aparigraha, vows, kevala jñāna, tīrthaṅkaras, and liberation.","Ring":"#3B7DAA","TerraRing":"#3B7DAA"},"Birthplace":{"Title":"Kuṇḍagrāma near Vaiśālī, Vajji; traditional birthplace"},"Images":[{"ImageMasterId":853,"ImageOrdinal":1,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-01-an-11th-century-ce-sculpture-of-tirthankar.jpg","Alt":"11th-century sculpture of Mahāvīra on a lion throne","Caption":"11th-century sculpture of Mahāvīra on a lion throne","Description":"An 11th-century Mahāvīra sculpture with accompanying tīrthaṅkaras, now in the Seattle Art Museum collection. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":232995,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mahavira_sculpture.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Mahavira_sculpture.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-01-mahavira-sculpture-lion-throne.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":854,"ImageOrdinal":2,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-02-painting-of-mahavira-among-the-six-heretical.jpg","Alt":"Mahāvīra among the six non-Buddhist teachers, Kizil Caves","Caption":"Mahāvīra among the six non-Buddhist teachers, Kizil Caves","Description":"A Kizil Caves painting placing Mahāvīra, known in Buddhist texts as Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, among the six teachers. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":232996,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kizil_Caves_80.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Kizil_Caves_80.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-02-kizil-caves-mahavira-six-teachers.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3458,"ImageOrdinal":3,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-03-bust-of-mahavira-1-rotated.jpg","Alt":"Stone bust of Mahāvīra","Caption":"Stone bust of Mahāvīra","Description":"A stone bust honoring Mahāvīra in the Jain sculptural tradition. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283740,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bust_of_Mahavira.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Bust_of_Mahavira.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-03-bust-of-mahavira.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3459,"ImageOrdinal":4,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-04-mahavira-sculpture-1470-1.jpg","Alt":"Mahāvīra sculpture, dated 1470","Caption":"Mahāvīra sculpture, dated 1470","Description":"A late medieval Jain sculpture of Mahāvīra, dated 1470 and photographed in Brussels. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283741,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mahavira.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Mahavira.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-04-mahavira-sculpture-1470.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3460,"ImageOrdinal":5,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-05-wellcome-mahavira-preaching-miniature-1.jpg","Alt":"Mahāvīra preaching to the universe, Wellcome Kalpasutra miniature","Caption":"Mahāvīra preaching to the universe, Wellcome Kalpasutra miniature","Description":"A 1503 Kalpasutra miniature portraying Mahāvīra preaching to the universe. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283742,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Miniature_showing_Mahavira_founder_of_the_Jain_religion_Wellcome_L0032443.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Miniature_showing_Mahavira_founder_of_the_Jain_religion_Wellcome_L0032443.jpg?width=1400","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-05-wellcome-mahavira-preaching-miniature.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3461,"ImageOrdinal":6,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-06-kalpa-sutra-transfer-of-embryo-1.jpg","Alt":"Transfer of the embryo of Mahāvīra, Kalpa-sutra manuscript","Caption":"Transfer of the embryo of Mahāvīra, Kalpa-sutra manuscript","Description":"A Kalpa-sutra folio portraying Harinegamesin moving the embryo of Mahāvīra. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283743,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Unknown_artist_-_Kalpa-sutra_Manuscript_with_24_Miniatures,_Harinegamesin_Moves_the_Embryo_-_1932.119.5_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Unknown_artist_-_Kalpa-sutra_Manuscript_with_24_Miniatures%2C_Harinegamesin_Moves_the_Embryo_-_1932.119.5_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-06-kalpa-sutra-transfer-of-embryo.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3462,"ImageOrdinal":7,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-07-kalpa-sutra-mahaviras-tonsure-1.jpg","Alt":"Mahāvīra's tonsure, Kalpa-sutra manuscript","Caption":"Mahāvīra's tonsure, Kalpa-sutra manuscript","Description":"A Kalpa-sutra miniature portraying Mahāvīra renouncing princely life and plucking out his hair. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283744,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Western_India,_Gujarat,_last_quarter_of_the_15th_century_-_Kalpa-sutra_Manuscript_with_24_Miniatures-_Mahavira%27s_Tonsure_-_1932.119.16_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif","SourceImageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Redirect/file/Western_India,_Gujarat,_last_quarter_of_the_15th_century_-_Kalpa-sutra_Manuscript_with_24_Miniatures-_Mahavira%27s_Tonsure_-_1932.119.16_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif?width=1200","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-07-kalpa-sutra-mahaviras-tonsure.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3463,"ImageOrdinal":8,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-08-kalpa-sutra-initiation-ceremony-1.jpg","Alt":"Initiation ceremony of Mahāvīra, Kalpa Sutra and Kalacharyakatha folio","Caption":"Initiation ceremony of Mahāvīra, Kalpa Sutra and Kalacharyakatha folio","Description":"A manuscript folio portraying the initiation ceremony of Mahāvīra from the Kalpa Sutra and Kalacharyakatha. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283745,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Initiation_Ceremony_of_Mahavira,_Folio_from_the_Kalpa_Sutra_and_Kalacharyakatha.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/The_Initiation_Ceremony_of_Mahavira%2C_Folio_from_the_Kalpa_Sutra_and_Kalacharyakatha.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-08-kalpa-sutra-initiation-ceremony.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3464,"ImageOrdinal":9,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-09-kalpa-sutra-mahavira-nirvana-1.jpg","Alt":"Mahāvīra's nirvana or mokṣa, Kalpasutra folio","Caption":"Mahāvīra's nirvana or mokṣa, Kalpasutra folio","Description":"A Kalpasutra folio portraying Mahāvīra's nirvana or mokṣa. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283746,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kalpasutra_Mahavira_Nirvana.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Kalpasutra_Mahavira_Nirvana.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-09-kalpa-sutra-mahavira-nirvana.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3465,"ImageOrdinal":10,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-10-shri-mahavirji-statue-1.jpg","Alt":"Statue of Mahāvīra at Shri Mahavirji","Caption":"Statue of Mahāvīra at Shri Mahavirji","Description":"A statue of Mahāvīra meditating at Shri Mahavirji. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283747,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mahavir.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Mahavir.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-10-shri-mahavirji-statue.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3466,"ImageOrdinal":11,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-11-jaina-sutras-part-one-title-page-1.jpg","Alt":"Jaina Sutras, Part I title page","Caption":"Jaina Sutras, Part I title page","Description":"The title page of Jaina Sutras, Part I, a volume containing the Ācārāṅga Sūtra and Kalpa Sūtra. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283748,"SourcePageUrl":"https://archive.org/details/jainasutrasparti029233mbp/page/n6/mode/1up","SourceImageUrl":"https://archive.org/download/jainasutrasparti029233mbp/page/n6_w800.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-11-jaina-sutras-part-one-title-page.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":3467,"ImageOrdinal":12,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-12-acaranga-sutra-opening-discourse-1.jpg","Alt":"Ācārāṅga Sūtra opening discourse page","Caption":"Ācārāṅga Sūtra opening discourse page","Description":"The opening discourse page of the Ācārāṅga Sūtra in Jaina Sutras, Part I. Mahavira, also Mahāvīra, Vardhamana, Vardhamāna, Vira, Jina, Niggantha Nataputta, Nigaṇṭha Nātaputta, Mahavira Swami, Tirthankara Mahavira, 24th Tirthankara, महावीर, and वर्धमान, is the Jain śramaṇa teacher and final tīrthaṅkara of the current Jain time-cycle associated with ahiṃsā, ahimsa, anekāntavāda, anekantavada, aparigraha, ascetic discipline, kevala-jñāna, karma, liberation, Jain Āgama teaching tradition, Jain Agamas, Acaranga Sutra, and Kalpa Sutra.","WpMediaId":283749,"SourcePageUrl":"https://archive.org/details/jainasutrasparti029233mbp/page/n64/mode/1up","SourceImageUrl":"https://archive.org/download/jainasutrasparti029233mbp/page/n64_w800.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahavira-Vardhamana\\mahavira-vardhamana-12-acaranga-sutra-opening-discourse.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":9688,"ImageOrdinal":13,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-00-idol-of-lord-mahavira-mahavir-swami-the-24th-tirthankar-of-jainism-at-a-jain-temple-in-rahli-patnaganj-dist-sagar-jpg.jpg","Alt":"Idol of Lord Mahāvīra","Caption":"Idol of Lord Mahāvīra","Description":"This Jain temple idol depicts Mahāvīra, the twenty-fourth Tīrthaṅkara, and is a direct devotional image for his profile.","WpMediaId":319419,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Idol_of_Lord_Mahavira_(Mahavir_Swami),_the_24th_Tirthankar_of_Jainism,_at_a_Jain_temple_in_Rahli_Patnaganj_(Dist_-_Sagar).jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Idol_of_Lord_Mahavira_%28Mahavir_Swami%29%2C_the_24th_Tirthankar_of_Jainism%2C_at_a_Jain_temple_in_Rahli_Patnaganj_%28Dist_-_Sagar%29.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahāvīra-(Vardhamāna)\\mahavira-vardhamana-00-idol-of-lord-mahavira-mahavir-swami-the-24th-tirthankar-of-jainism-at-a-jain-temple-in-rahli-patnaganj-dist-sagar-jpg.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":9689,"ImageOrdinal":14,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-00-lord-mahaveer-at-dharashiv-cave-jpg.jpg","Alt":"Mahāvīra at Dharashiv Cave","Caption":"Mahāvīra at Dharashiv Cave","Description":"This cave statue depicts Mahāvīra and connects the profile to Jain sacred art in rock-cut settings.","WpMediaId":319420,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lord_Mahaveer_at_dharashiv_cave.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Lord_Mahaveer_at_dharashiv_cave.jpg/1920px-Lord_Mahaveer_at_dharashiv_cave.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahāvīra-(Vardhamāna)\\mahavira-vardhamana-00-lord-mahaveer-at-dharashiv-cave-jpg.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":9690,"ImageOrdinal":15,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-00-jain-temple-pratishtha-celebration-jpg.jpg","Alt":"Jain temple consecration image of Mahāvīra","Caption":"Jain temple consecration image of Mahāvīra","Description":"This photograph shows a Jain temple consecration setting with a Mahāvīra idol, documenting living devotional practice around him.","WpMediaId":319421,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jain_temple_Pratishtha_Celebration.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Jain_temple_Pratishtha_Celebration.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Mahāvīra-(Vardhamāna)\\mahavira-vardhamana-00-jain-temple-pratishtha-celebration-jpg.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":9691,"ImageOrdinal":16,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mahavira-vardhamana-00-1-mahavira-relief-on-the-walls-of-jain-temple-khajuraho-india-jpg.jpg","Alt":"Mahāvīra relief at Khajuraho","Caption":"Mahāvīra relief at Khajuraho","Description":"This carved relief of Mahāvīra on a Jain temple wall at Khajuraho provides a historical sculptural depiction for the 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