Germany

Back to Europe

As Europe’s largest economy and second most-populous nation (after Russia), Germany is a key member of the continent’s economic, political, and defense organizations. European power struggles immersed Germany in two devastating world wars in the first half of the 20th century and left the country occupied by the victorious Allied powers of the US, UK, France, and the Soviet Union in 1945. With the advent of the Cold War, two German states were formed in 1949: the western Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the eastern German Democratic Republic (GDR). The democratic FRG embedded itself in key western economic and security organizations, including the EC (now the EU) and NATO, while the communist GDR was on the front line of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact. The decline of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War allowed German reunification to occur in 1990. Since then, Germany has expended considerable funds to bring eastern productivity and wages up to western standards. In January 1999, Germany and 10 other EU countries introduced a common European exchange currency, the euro.

Current Country Profile

🇩🇪 Germany

ContinentEurope
RegionCentral European Highlands
Formation1871
Age155 years
Land Area357,734 sq km
Population
83.5M
Latest 2024
GDP
$4.69T
Latest 2024
GDP per Capita
$56K
Latest 2024
Terra Firma
Population
83.5M
Latest 2024
GDP
$4.69T
Latest 2024
GDP per Capita
$56K
Latest 2024
GNI per Capita
$55K
Latest 2024
Land Area
357,734 sq km
Western Europe
Current System
Democracy

Benchmark Shelf

Population
83.5M World 8.1B Europe 866.8M
GDP
$4.69T World $109.24T Europe $29.08T
GDP per Capita
$56K World $14K Europe $34K
Life Expectancy
80.8 World 73.4 Europe 79.1
Internet Users
93.5% World 72.6% Europe 91.5%
Urban Population
82.0% World 57.4% Europe 76.1%
Trade Openness
79.1% World 54.7% Europe 86.6%
CO2 per Capita
6.94 World 4.69 Europe 6.80

Trend Wall

Population
2000-2024
83.5M
Latest 2024+2.5M / 10y
GDP
2000-2024
$4.69T
Latest 2024+$720.72B / 10y
GDP per Capita
2000-2024
$56K
Latest 2024+$7K / 10y
Life Expectancy
2000-2024
80.8
Latest 2024-0.3 / 10yContinent 79.1
Internet Users
2000-2024
93.5%
Latest 2024+7.3 pts / 10yContinent 91.5%
Exports and Imports
2000-2024
$1.94T
Latest 2024Exports $1.94TImports $1.76TBalance $176.99B
ExportsImports
Fertility Rate
2000-2024
1.36
Latest 2024-0.11 / 10y
Urban Population
2000-2024
82.0%
Latest 2024+1.4 pts / 10y
Inflation
2000-2024
2.3%
Latest 2024+1.3 pts / 10y
Unemployment
2001-2025
3.7%
Latest 2025-0.9 pts / 10y
Electricity Access
1999-2023
100.0%
Latest 20230.0 pts / 10y
CO2 per Capita
2000-2024
6.94
Latest 2024-2.67 / 10y

Current Structure

Demographic Structure
Share of population
Child share 13.9%
Working-age share 62.9%
Elderly share 23.2%
Economic Structure
Share of value added
Agriculture 0.9%
Industry 25.6%
Services 64.0%
Other 9.4%
Land Use
Share of land area
Forest area 32.7%
Agricultural land 47.5%
Other land 19.9%
Electricity Mix
% of total electricity output
Fossil electricity 43.2%
Nuclear electricity 1.4%
Hydroelectricity 4.9%
Other renewables 50.4%
Energy Use Mix
% of total energy use
Fossil fuel energy 78.0%
Alternative and nuclear energy 9.1%
Combustible renewables and waste 12.9%

Milestone Timeline

Formation
1871
German Empire proclaimed
Political unification in 1871 created the modern German state footing used here.
1990
War milestone
Regime
1869
Shift to Anocracy
1933
Shift to Autocracy
1949
Constitution adopted
1990
Shift to Democracy
External
1945
Union treaty
European power struggles immersed Germany in two devastating world wars in the first half of the 20th century and left the country occupied by the victorious Allied powers of the US, UK, France, and the Soviet Union in 1945.
1949
War milestone
With the advent of the Cold War, two German states were formed in 1949: the western Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the eastern German Democratic Republic (GDR).
1990
Union treaty
The decline of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War allowed German reunification to occur in 1990.

Historical Footing

Before the modern state
Before 1871
The political traditions that preceded the modern state of Germany shaped the institutional footing that followed.
State formation
1871
Political unification in 1871 created the modern German state footing used here.
Current footing
1871 to present
Today Germany sits in Central European Highlands, with a current system of Democracy.

Annual Explorer

Health
Infant Mortality
3.1
2024
-0.2 / 10y
W 19.0
C 4.4
Under-5 Mortality
3.7
2024
-0.3 / 10y
W 24.7
C 5.2
Maternal Mortality
4.0
2023
-1.0 / 10y
W 111.8
C 8.0
Physicians
4.53
2022
+0.61 / 10y
W 2.30
C 3.98
Hospital Beds
7.55
2023
-0.69 / 10y
W 4.14
C 5.49
Measles Immunization
96.0%
2024
-1.0 pts / 10y
W 88.9%
C 93.4%
Environment
CO2 Emissions
579,936
2024
-198,817 / 10y
W 37,916,447
C 5,832,517
Connectivity
Mobile Subscriptions
129.2
2024
+6.8 / 10y
W 110.2
C 135.9
Fixed Broadband
45.6
2024
+9.3 / 10y
W 19.9
C 34.3
Secure Servers
152,113.8
2024
+148,761.1 / 10y
W 16,260.9
C 52,740.7
Education
Secondary Enrollment
100.2%
2024
-3.1 pts / 10y
W 83.4%
C 103.8%
Tertiary Enrollment
76.7%
2024
+11.5 pts / 10y
W 51.1%
C 72.9%
Researchers
5,926.1
2023
+1,545.7 / 10y
W 2,253.0
C 3,863.9
Demography
Population Growth
0.3%
2024
-0.1 pts / 10y
W 1.0%
C 0.3%
Density
233.5
2024
0.0 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Median Age
45.1
2023
+0.7 / 10y
W 30.8
C 40.9
Net Migration
-334,072
2025
-1,509,355 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Economy
GDP Growth
-0.5%
2024
-2.7 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Labor Force Participation
60.6%
2025
+0.4 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a

Deep Data

Demography

Demography summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Child Share13.9%202421.3%196023.3%196813.2%2014+0.7 pts / 10y-1.9 pts / 25y25y24.8%16.3%WorldBankWdi
Fertility Rate1.3620242.1919502.5419641.241994-0.11 / 10y0.00 / 25y25y2.171.42WorldBankWdi
Elderly Share23.2%202411.5%196023.2%202411.5%1960+2.2 pts / 10y+7.1 pts / 25y25y10.2%19.0%WorldBankWdi
Net Migration-334,0722025-628,40419501,175,2832015-754,4691998-1,509,355 / 10y-508,666 / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Working-Age Share62.9%202467.2%196069.5%198662.9%2024-3.0 pts / 10y-5.2 pts / 25y25y65.1%64.6%WorldBankWdi
Population Growth0.3%2024-0.2%19500.9%1963-1.9%2011-0.1 pts / 10y+0.2 pts / 25y25y1.0%0.3%WorldBankWdi
Population83.5M202423.3M181683.5M202423.3M1816+2.5M / 10y+1.4M / 25y25y8.1B866.8MWorldBankWdi
Density233.5202465.31816242.6202365.318160.0 / 10y-0.9 / 25y25yn/an/aDerived
Median Age45.1202332.9195045.1202332.61952+0.7 / 10y+6.9 / 25y25y30.840.9UNWorldPopulationProspects
Urban Population82.0%202475.7%196082.0%202475.7%1960+1.4 pts / 10y+1.9 pts / 25y25y57.4%76.1%WorldBankWdi
Demography year by year 1816–2025 · 210 years · 10 metrics
Year Child ShareFertility RateElderly ShareNet MigrationWorking-Age SharePopulation GrowthPopulationDensityMedian AgeUrban Population
181623.3M65.3
181723.7M66.3
181824.1M67.4
181924.5M68.5
182024.8M69.5
182125.2M70.4
182225.5M71.3
182325.8M72.2
182426.1M73.0
182526.4M73.9
182626.7M74.8
182727.1M75.7
182827.4M76.6
182927.7M77.5
183028.0M78.3
183128.3M79.2
183228.6M80.1
183328.9M80.9
183429.2M81.7
183529.5M82.6
183629.9M83.5
183730.2M84.3
183830.5M85.2
183930.8M86.1
184031.1M86.9
184131.4M87.7
184231.6M88.4
184331.9M89.1
184432.2M89.9
184532.4M90.6
184632.7M91.3
184732.9M92.1
184833.2M92.8
184933.5M93.6
185033.7M94.3
185134.0M95.0
185234.2M95.7
185334.5M96.4
185434.7M97.1
185535.0M97.7
185635.2M98.4
185735.5M99.1
185835.7M99.8
185936.0M100.6
186036.3M101.4
186136.6M102.2
186236.9M103.1
186337.2M104.0
186437.5M105.0
186537.9M105.9
186638.2M106.9
186738.6M107.8
186838.9M108.8
186939.3M109.8
187039.7M110.9
187140.1M112.0
187240.5M113.2
187340.9M114.4
187441.4M115.7
187541.8M116.9
187642.3M118.2
187742.7M119.5
187843.2M120.8
187943.7M122.0
188044.1M123.3
188144.6M124.5
188245.0M125.8
188345.4M127.0
188445.9M128.2
188546.3M129.4
188646.7M130.6
188747.2M131.9
188847.6M133.2
188948.1M134.5
189048.7M136.1
189149.3M137.7
189249.9M139.5
189350.6M141.5
189451.3M143.4
189552.0M145.4
189652.7M147.4
189753.5M149.5
189854.2M151.6
189955.0M153.7
190055.8M155.9
190156.6M158.2
190257.4M160.5
190358.3M163.0
190459.2M165.4
190560.1M167.9
190661.0M170.5
190761.9M173.0
190862.8M175.7
190963.6M177.7
191064.1M179.1
191164.3M179.8
191264.4M180.0
191364.2M179.5
191464.0M179.0
191563.9M178.5
191663.7M178.0
191763.5M177.5
191863.3M177.0
191963.2M176.7
192063.3M176.9
192163.4M177.4
192263.7M178.2
192364.2M179.4
192464.6M180.6
192565.0M181.8
192665.5M183.0
192765.9M184.2
192866.3M185.4
192966.8M186.7
193067.2M188.0
193167.7M189.3
193268.2M190.6
193368.7M191.9
193469.2M193.3
193569.6M194.7
193670.1M196.0
193770.6M197.4
193871.1M198.8
193971.5M199.9
194071.7M200.5
194171.9M200.8
194271.8M200.8
194371.7M200.4
194471.5M199.9
194571.4M199.5
194671.2M199.1
194771.1M198.7
194870.9M198.3
194970.9M198.2
19502.19-628,404-0.2%69.8M200.432.9
19512.17-428,8960.0%69.8M200.232.8
19522.14-308,3260.1%69.8M200.332.6
19532.13-225,2640.2%69.9M200.632.7
19542.15-144,7910.3%70.1M201.132.9
19552.16-83,5370.4%70.3M201.833.2
19562.21-42,5250.4%70.6M202.633.4
19572.26291,5690.9%71.1M203.933.7
19582.26202,7690.8%71.7M205.733.9
19592.36106,1580.7%72.2M207.333.8
196021.3%2.3711.5%212,66667.2%0.8%72.8M208.933.775.7%
196121.7%2.4511.7%27,53466.6%0.8%73.4M210.533.776.2%
196222.0%2.4411.9%276,50566.1%0.9%74.0M212.333.776.7%
196322.3%2.5112.1%205,97665.6%0.9%74.7M214.333.677.2%
196422.6%2.5412.3%69,82565.1%0.8%75.3M216.133.577.7%
196522.8%2.5012.5%338,25864.7%0.9%76.0M217.933.578.3%
196623.0%2.5312.7%134,10764.3%0.8%76.6M219.833.378.7%
196723.1%2.4813.0%-174,15563.8%0.5%77.0M220.833.279.1%
196823.3%2.3813.3%293,30763.4%0.4%77.3M221.833.179.4%
196923.3%2.2113.4%584,01763.3%0.8%77.9M223.633.179.6%
197023.2%2.0313.7%-273,49863.2%0.3%78.2M224.433.279.7%
197123.0%1.9213.9%450,32863.1%0.2%78.3M224.833.479.7%
197222.8%1.7114.1%336,01563.1%0.5%78.7M225.833.579.7%
197322.4%1.5414.3%386,88163.3%0.3%78.9M226.633.779.8%
197422.0%1.5114.6%-15,12663.5%0.0%79.0M226.634.079.8%
197521.5%1.4514.8%-207,74063.7%-0.4%78.7M225.834.479.8%
197620.9%1.4515.1%-79,76164.0%-0.4%78.3M224.834.879.8%
197720.3%1.4015.3%33,88164.4%-0.2%78.2M224.335.279.9%
197819.7%1.3815.5%117,16764.8%-0.1%78.1M224.135.479.9%
197919.1%1.3815.6%237,70565.3%0.0%78.1M224.235.679.9%
198018.5%1.4415.6%324,20365.9%0.2%78.3M224.735.779.9%
198117.9%1.4315.3%130,71366.8%0.2%78.4M225.135.779.9%
198217.4%1.4115.0%-58,12167.6%-0.1%78.3M224.935.779.9%
198316.9%1.3314.6%-81,34968.5%-0.3%78.1M224.435.780.0%
198416.4%1.2914.4%-150,77169.2%-0.3%77.9M223.835.880.0%
198516.0%1.3714.5%103,55669.5%-0.2%77.7M223.435.980.0%
198615.8%1.4314.7%212,82269.5%0.0%77.7M223.636.080.0%
198715.6%1.4314.8%174,27269.5%0.2%77.8M224.036.380.0%
198815.7%1.4614.9%515,96269.4%0.4%78.1M224.936.680.0%
198915.9%1.4214.9%761,00269.3%0.8%78.8M226.736.680.0%
199016.1%1.4514.9%679,70269.0%0.9%79.4M228.736.680.0%
199116.3%1.3314.9%602,63868.8%0.7%80.0M230.436.780.0%
199216.3%1.2914.9%811,60668.7%0.8%80.6M232.236.780.0%
199316.3%1.2815.0%462,09668.6%0.7%81.2M233.836.880.0%
199416.3%1.2415.2%315,58568.5%0.3%81.4M234.637.080.0%
199516.3%1.2515.4%398,07768.4%0.3%81.7M235.337.380.0%
199616.2%1.3015.5%281,28068.3%0.3%81.9M236.037.580.1%
199716.1%1.3515.6%93,28168.3%0.1%82.0M236.437.880.1%
199815.9%1.3615.8%-754,46968.2%0.0%82.0M235.338.280.1%
199915.8%1.3616.1%219,28068.1%0.1%82.1M234.338.780.1%
200015.7%1.3816.5%174,59467.9%0.1%82.2M234.739.080.1%
200115.5%1.3516.9%272,87567.7%0.2%82.3M235.139.480.1%
200215.3%1.3417.3%218,79567.5%0.2%82.5M235.539.780.1%
200315.0%1.3417.7%142,00967.3%0.1%82.5M235.640.180.1%
200414.8%1.3618.3%81,73567.0%0.0%82.5M235.540.580.2%
200514.5%1.3418.9%81,35166.6%-0.1%82.5M235.441.080.2%
200614.2%1.3319.5%-489,05666.3%-0.1%82.4M234.441.580.2%
200714.0%1.3720.0%-24,77266.0%-0.1%82.3M233.242.180.2%
200813.8%1.3820.3%-23,34165.9%-0.2%82.1M232.742.580.2%
200913.8%1.3620.5%46,53365.7%-0.3%81.9M232.242.980.3%
201013.7%1.3920.6%130,11665.7%-0.2%81.8M231.943.380.3%
201113.6%1.3920.5%295,28265.9%-1.9%80.3M232.043.680.3%
201213.4%1.4120.6%199,14366.0%0.2%80.4M232.144.180.4%
201313.2%1.4220.8%462,38466.0%0.3%80.6M232.544.580.5%
201413.2%1.4721.0%592,33865.9%0.4%81.0M233.544.780.6%
201513.2%1.5021.1%1,175,28365.7%0.9%81.7M235.544.880.7%
201613.3%1.6021.1%517,48065.5%0.8%82.3M237.444.880.8%
201713.5%1.5721.3%452,98865.2%0.4%82.7M238.444.981.0%
201813.6%1.5721.4%403,90865.0%0.3%82.9M239.244.981.1%
201913.7%1.5421.6%319,08264.7%0.2%83.1M239.744.981.3%
202013.8%1.5321.8%203,46864.4%0.1%83.2M239.944.981.5%
202113.9%1.5822.1%310,26464.0%0.0%83.2M240.144.981.6%
202213.9%1.4622.5%981,55263.6%0.0%83.2M241.245.081.8%
202313.9%1.3922.8%609,55363.3%0.1%83.3M242.645.181.9%
202413.9%1.3623.2%36,95462.9%0.3%83.5M233.582.0%
2025-334,072

Economy

Economy summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Labor Force Participation60.6%202558.2%199061.3%201957.5%2004+0.4 pts / 10y+2.6 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Unemployment3.7%20255.3%199111.2%20053.1%2023-0.9 pts / 10y-4.2 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Industry Value Added25.6%202433.3%199133.3%199123.8%2009-0.4 pts / 10y-1.7 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Agriculture Value Added0.9%20241.1%19911.1%20010.7%20090.0 pts / 10y0.0 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Services Value Added64.0%202456.5%199164.7%200956.5%1991+1.7 pts / 10y+2.3 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
GDP Growth-0.5%20244.3%19617.4%1969-5.5%2009-2.7 pts / 10y-2.6 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
GDP$4.69T2024$84.62B1960$4.69T2024$84.62B1960+$720.72B / 10y+$2.47T / 25y25y$109.24T$29.08TWorldBankWdi
GDP per Capita$56K2024$1K1960$56K2024$1K1960+$7K / 10y+$29K / 25y25y$14K$34KWorldBankWdi
Inflation2.3%20241.5%19607.0%1973-0.1%1986+1.3 pts / 10y+1.7 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
GNI per Capita$55K2024$1K1962$55K2023$1K1962+$6K / 10y+$28K / 25y25y$14K$32KWorldBankWdi
Economy year by year 1816–2025 · 210 years · 10 metrics
Year Labor Force ParticipationUnemploymentIndustry Value AddedAgriculture Value AddedServices Value AddedGDP GrowthGDPGDP per CapitaInflationGNI per Capita
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960$84.62B$1K1.5%
19614.3%$96.56B$1K2.3%
19624.6%$105.90B$1K2.8%$1K
19632.7%$112.23B$2K3.0%$1K
19646.6%$123.33B$2K2.3%$2K
19655.2%$134.77B$2K3.2%$2K
19662.8%$143.30B$2K3.5%$2K
1967-0.3%$145.10B$2K1.8%$2K
19685.7%$156.53B$2K1.5%$2K
19697.4%$177.73B$2K1.9%$2K
19705.1%$216.63B$3K3.5%$3K
19713.1%$250.90B$3K5.2%$3K
19724.3%$300.90B$4K5.5%$4K
19734.8%$399.83B$5K7.0%$5K
19740.9%$446.93B$6K7.0%$6K
1975-0.9%$492.43B$6K5.9%$7K
19764.9%$521.66B$7K4.2%$7K
19773.3%$602.70B$8K3.7%$8K
19783.0%$743.18B$10K2.7%$9K
19794.2%$884.57B$11K4.0%$11K
19801.4%$953.77B$12K5.4%$13K
19810.5%$803.40B$10K6.3%$13K
1982-0.4%$779.42B$10K5.2%$11K
19831.6%$773.51B$10K3.3%$10K
19842.8%$727.77B$9K2.4%$10K
19852.3%$735.22B$9K2.1%$10K
19862.3%$1.05T$14K-0.1%$11K
19871.4%$1.30T$17K0.2%$14K
19883.7%$1.41T$18K1.3%$19K
19893.9%$1.40T$18K2.8%$20K
199058.2%5.3%$1.78T$22K2.7%$21K
199159.6%5.3%33.3%1.1%56.5%5.1%$1.88T$23K4.0%$23K
199259.1%6.3%32.3%1.0%57.6%2.0%$2.14T$27K5.1%$26K
199358.5%7.7%30.3%1.0%59.4%-1.0%$2.08T$26K4.5%$26K
199458.7%8.7%29.8%1.0%59.4%2.6%$2.22T$27K2.7%$28K
199558.3%8.2%29.3%1.0%60.2%1.5%$2.59T$32K1.7%$30K
199658.0%8.8%28.4%1.1%61.0%1.0%$2.51T$31K1.4%$31K
199758.2%9.9%28.1%1.0%61.4%1.9%$2.22T$27K1.9%$30K
199858.2%9.8%27.9%1.0%61.5%2.1%$2.25T$27K0.9%$28K
199958.3%8.9%27.3%1.0%61.7%2.1%$2.21T$27K0.6%$27K
200058.0%7.9%27.3%1.0%61.7%2.9%$1.97T$24K1.4%$26K
200157.9%7.8%26.6%1.1%62.4%1.6%$1.97T$24K2.0%$25K
200257.8%8.5%25.8%0.9%63.4%-0.2%$2.10T$25K1.4%$24K
200357.8%9.8%25.6%0.8%63.5%-0.5%$2.53T$31K1.0%$26K
200457.5%10.7%25.8%0.9%63.4%1.2%$2.85T$35K1.7%$32K
200558.3%11.2%25.7%0.7%63.7%0.9%$2.89T$35K1.5%$36K
200659.0%10.3%26.3%0.7%63.1%3.9%$3.05T$37K1.6%$39K
200759.1%8.7%26.5%0.8%62.2%2.9%$3.48T$42K2.3%$41K
200859.1%7.5%26.0%0.8%62.6%0.9%$3.81T$46K2.6%$44K
200959.2%7.9%23.8%0.7%64.7%-5.5%$3.48T$42K0.3%$44K
201059.3%7.0%26.0%0.8%62.7%4.1%$3.47T$42K1.1%$46K
201159.9%6.0%26.3%0.9%62.0%3.8%$3.82T$48K2.1%$48K
201260.0%5.4%26.5%0.9%61.8%0.5%$3.60T$45K2.0%$47K
201360.3%5.3%25.9%0.9%62.4%0.4%$3.81T$47K1.5%$48K
201460.4%5.0%26.0%0.9%62.3%2.2%$3.96T$49K0.9%$49K
201560.2%4.6%25.9%0.7%62.6%1.7%$3.43T$42K0.5%$47K
201660.4%4.1%26.2%0.7%62.4%2.2%$3.54T$43K0.5%$45K
201760.7%3.8%26.0%0.9%62.5%2.8%$3.77T$46K1.5%$45K
201860.9%3.4%25.9%0.7%62.8%1.1%$4.06T$49K1.7%$49K
201961.3%3.2%25.5%0.8%63.0%1.0%$3.96T$48K1.4%$50K
202060.5%3.9%25.2%0.7%63.9%-4.1%$3.94T$47K0.1%$49K
202160.4%3.6%25.2%0.8%63.5%3.9%$4.36T$52K3.1%$53K
202260.8%3.1%25.6%1.0%63.5%1.8%$4.20T$51K6.9%$55K
202361.1%3.1%26.8%0.9%63.6%-0.9%$4.56T$55K5.9%$55K
202460.9%3.4%25.6%0.9%64.0%-0.5%$4.69T$56K2.3%$55K
202560.6%3.7%

Trade

Trade summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Trade Openness79.1%202431.6%197088.8%202230.6%1972+2.2 pts / 10y+27.6 pts / 25y25y54.7%86.6%Derived
Imports$1.76T2024$35.80B1970$1.81T2022$35.80B1970+$370.60B / 10y+$1.20T / 25y25y$29.11T$12.07TWorldBankWdi
Exports$1.94T2024$32.64B1970$1.96T2023$32.64B1970+$288.33B / 10y+$1.37T / 25y25y$29.85T$13.10TWorldBankWdi
Trade year by year 1816–2024 · 209 years · 3 metrics
Year Trade OpennessImportsExports
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
197031.6%$35.80B$32.64B
197130.7%$40.72B$36.38B
197230.6%$48.52B$43.61B
197331.6%$65.14B$61.14B
197436.8%$83.36B$81.17B
197535.8%$92.24B$83.91B
197638.2%$105.52B$93.88B
197738.0%$120.87B$107.91B
197837.0%$144.75B$130.53B
197939.1%$188.65B$157.01B
198041.7%$220.83B$176.86B
198144.0%$192.54B$161.09B
198244.2%$182.67B$161.99B
198343.4%$179.49B$156.30B
198446.1%$177.81B$157.45B
198547.7%$183.00B$167.95B
198642.8%$226.64B$222.60B
198741.5%$272.76B$268.36B
198842.4%$300.44B$295.36B
198945.0%$320.66B$311.80B
199045.7%$408.06B$404.36B
199147.6%$451.49B$442.05B
199244.7%$483.83B$473.02B
199339.7%$413.10B$413.28B
199441.1%$453.91B$456.47B
199542.6%$547.77B$557.03B
199643.9%$541.96B$558.52B
199748.4%$525.39B$548.07B
199850.2%$550.60B$576.78B
199951.5%$564.30B$576.27B
200059.2%$580.55B$583.81B
200159.6%$570.23B$600.93B
200258.3%$570.62B$655.73B
200358.9%$700.77B$792.55B
200462.9%$826.35B$967.94B
200567.0%$896.95B$1.04T
200672.8%$1.03T$1.19T
200774.9%$1.19T$1.42T
200876.1%$1.34T$1.56T
200966.1%$1.07T$1.23T
201073.9%$1.19T$1.37T
201178.4%$1.41T$1.59T
201279.3%$1.32T$1.54T
201377.6%$1.37T$1.59T
201476.8%$1.39T$1.65T
201577.8%$1.20T$1.46T
201676.0%$1.22T$1.47T
201777.5%$1.33T$1.59T
201879.1%$1.49T$1.72T
201979.1%$1.45T$1.68T
202072.9%$1.33T$1.54T
202179.9%$1.63T$1.85T
202288.8%$1.81T$1.92T
202382.0%$1.78T$1.96T
202479.1%$1.76T$1.94T

Connectivity

Connectivity summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Fixed Broadband45.620240.3200045.620240.32000+9.3 / 10y+45.3 / 24y24y19.934.3WorldBankWdi
Secure Servers152,113.820241,049.32010152,113.820241,049.32010+148,761.1 / 10y+151,064.5 / 14y14y16,260.952,740.7WorldBankWdi
Mobile Subscriptions129.220240.01960132.020170.01960+6.8 / 10y+100.4 / 25y25y110.2135.9WorldBankWdi
Internet Users93.5%20240.1%199093.5%20240.1%1990+7.3 pts / 10y+72.7 pts / 25y25y72.6%91.5%WorldBankWdi
Electricity Access100.0%2023100.0%1990100.0%2023100.0%19900.0 pts / 10y0.0 pts / 25y25y91.6%100.0%WorldBankWdi
Connectivity year by year 1816–2024 · 209 years · 5 metrics
Year Fixed BroadbandSecure ServersMobile SubscriptionsInternet UsersElectricity Access
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
19600.0
1961
1962
1963
1964
19650.0
1966
1967
1968
1969
19700.0
1971
1972
1973
1974
19750.0
19760.0
19770.0
19780.0
19790.0
19800.0
19810.0
19820.0
19830.0
19840.0
19850.0
19860.0
19870.1
19880.1
19890.2
19900.30.1%100.0%
19910.70.3%100.0%
19921.20.4%100.0%
19932.20.5%100.0%
19943.10.9%100.0%
19954.61.8%100.0%
19966.83.1%100.0%
199710.26.7%100.0%
199817.19.9%100.0%
199928.720.8%100.0%
20000.358.930.2%100.0%
20012.668.531.7%100.0%
20023.972.048.8%100.0%
20035.478.955.9%100.0%
20048.586.964.7%100.0%
200513.196.668.7%100.0%
200618.3104.872.2%100.0%
200724.3118.475.2%100.0%
200828.0130.178.0%100.0%
200930.8129.779.0%100.0%
201032.41,049.3109.482.0%100.0%
201133.71,471.9112.481.3%100.0%
201234.62,194.9114.282.3%100.0%
201335.32,601.2123.484.2%100.0%
201436.33,352.8122.386.2%100.0%
201537.44,297.9117.487.6%100.0%
201638.511,625.0125.084.2%100.0%
201740.034,181.3132.084.4%100.0%
201841.056,406.6128.987.0%100.0%
201942.177,970.0128.388.1%100.0%
202043.397,517.6128.489.8%100.0%
202144.1113,297.6127.191.4%100.0%
202244.6126,884.1124.291.6%100.0%
202345.4139,972.8124.792.5%100.0%
202445.6152,113.8129.293.5%

Education

Education summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Researchers5,926.120232,801.619965,926.120232,801.61996+1,545.7 / 10y+3,041.8 / 25y25y2,253.03,863.9WorldBankWdi
Tertiary Enrollment76.7%202460.9%201378.6%202360.9%2013+11.5 pts / 10y+15.8 pts / 11y11y51.1%72.9%WorldBankWdi
Secondary Enrollment100.2%202499.6%2001105.3%201199.6%2001-3.1 pts / 10y+0.7 pts / 23y23y83.4%103.8%WorldBankWdi
Education year by year 1816–2024 · 209 years · 3 metrics
Year ResearchersTertiary EnrollmentSecondary Enrollment
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
19962,801.6
19972,862.8
19982,884.3
19993,120.9
20003,154.5
20013,230.399.6%
20023,240.8100.9%
20033,275.2101.2%
20043,291.0101.4%
20053,315.8101.4%
20063,411.8102.5%
20073,573.7102.0%
20083,726.7103.2%
20093,916.8103.3%
20104,056.4104.9%
20114,191.5105.3%
20124,355.6104.4%
20134,380.460.9%103.9%
20144,336.065.2%103.3%
20154,755.368.2%102.2%
20164,839.867.9%100.9%
20175,058.468.5%101.1%
20185,209.269.2%100.8%
20195,398.672.7%101.2%
20205,390.172.4%101.3%
20215,520.675.7%101.2%
20225,801.677.4%100.8%
20235,926.178.6%100.6%
202476.7%100.2%

Health

Health summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Physicians4.5320222.7519914.5320222.751991+0.61 / 10y+1.43 / 25y25y2.303.98WorldBankWdi
Hospital Beds7.55202310.50196011.5019807.552023-0.69 / 10y-1.75 / 25y25y4.145.49WorldBankWdi
Measles Immunization96.0%202425.0%198098.0%202125.0%1980-1.0 pts / 10y+4.0 pts / 25y25y88.9%93.4%WorldBankWdi
Maternal Mortality4.0202314.0198514.019864.02016-1.0 / 10y-3.0 / 25y25y111.88.0WorldBankWdi
Life Expectancy80.8202466.8195081.3201966.81950-0.3 / 10y+3.1 / 25y25y73.479.1WorldBankWdi
Infant Mortality3.1202423.4196823.419683.12019-0.2 / 10y-1.4 / 25y25y19.04.4WorldBankWdi
Under-5 Mortality3.7202427.1196827.119683.72019-0.3 / 10y-1.8 / 25y25y24.75.2WorldBankWdi
Health year by year 1816–2024 · 209 years · 7 metrics
Year PhysiciansHospital BedsMeasles ImmunizationMaternal MortalityLife ExpectancyInfant MortalityUnder-5 Mortality
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
195066.8
195167.1
195267.5
195367.8
195468.1
195568.3
195668.6
195768.5
195869.2
195969.3
196010.5069.1
196169.6
196269.8
196369.9
196470.4
196570.4
196670.5
196770.7
196870.423.427.1
196970.222.726.4
197011.3070.422.125.6
197170.721.424.9
197270.920.624.0
197371.119.723.1
197471.418.822.0
197571.317.720.8
197671.716.619.6
197772.315.518.3
197872.314.417.1
197972.613.516.0
198011.5025.0%72.812.615.0
198150.0%73.011.814.1
198250.0%73.311.013.2
198347.0%73.610.312.5
198448.0%74.19.711.8
198511.0050.0%14.074.29.211.1
198670.0%14.074.48.710.6
198775.0%13.074.88.310.1
198875.0%13.075.07.89.5
198975.0%12.075.27.49.0
199010.4075.0%12.075.17.08.5
19912.7510.1075.0%11.075.36.68.0
19922.829.9075.0%10.075.86.27.6
19932.909.7089.0%9.075.95.87.2
19942.989.7090.0%9.076.35.56.8
19953.049.7092.0%8.076.45.36.5
19963.099.6091.0%8.076.75.06.2
19973.109.4091.0%8.077.14.85.9
19983.169.3092.0%7.077.54.75.7
19993.219.2092.0%7.077.74.55.5
20003.269.1692.0%7.077.94.45.4
20013.319.0694.0%6.078.34.35.2
20023.348.9294.0%6.078.24.25.1
20033.378.7995.0%6.078.44.15.0
20043.398.6296.0%6.078.74.04.9
20053.418.5196.0%6.078.93.94.7
20063.478.3796.0%6.079.13.84.6
20073.538.3497.0%5.079.53.74.5
20083.588.3197.0%6.079.73.64.4
20093.668.3497.0%6.079.83.54.3
20103.768.3497.0%5.080.03.54.2
20113.858.3297.0%5.080.43.44.1
20123.928.2997.0%5.080.53.44.0
20134.028.2497.0%5.080.53.34.0
20144.098.1997.0%5.081.13.34.0
20154.128.0997.0%5.080.63.33.9
20164.178.0297.0%4.081.03.33.9
20174.237.9697.0%4.081.03.23.8
20184.297.9497.0%4.080.93.23.8
20194.377.8797.0%4.081.33.13.7
20204.447.7797.0%4.081.03.13.7
20214.507.7198.0%4.080.83.13.7
20224.537.6496.0%4.080.63.13.7
20237.5596.0%4.081.03.13.7
202496.0%80.83.13.7

Environment

Environment summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Agricultural Land47.5%202355.5%196156.0%196547.5%2023-0.4 pts / 10y-2.3 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Renewable Electricity39.8%20213.5%199044.8%20203.1%1991+18.6 pts / 10y+35.0 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Fossil Fuel Energy0.0%202486.8%199087.1%19910.0%2016-79.4 pts / 10y-83.9 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
CO2 Emissions579,93620241,084,11919701,189,1071979579,9362024-198,817 / 10y-290,728 / 25y25y37,916,4475,832,517WorldBankWdi
CO2 per Capita6.94202413.87197015.2219796.942024-2.67 / 10y-3.66 / 25y25y4.696.80WorldBankWdi
Forest Area32.7%202332.4%199032.7%201232.4%19900.0 pts / 10y+0.2 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Environment year by year 1816–2024 · 209 years · 6 metrics
Year Agricultural LandRenewable ElectricityFossil Fuel EnergyCO2 EmissionsCO2 per CapitaForest Area
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
196155.5%
196255.5%
196355.6%
196455.7%
196556.0%
196655.9%
196755.6%
196855.2%
196955.1%
197054.5%1,084,11913.87
197154.3%1,077,00313.75
197254.3%1,104,93414.04
197354.1%1,157,37014.66
197453.9%1,122,16214.21
197553.8%1,060,22813.48
197653.7%1,122,58914.33
197753.6%1,101,09014.09
197853.4%1,138,95514.58
197953.3%1,189,10715.22
198053.0%1,135,22014.50
198152.9%1,099,56814.02
198252.7%1,053,71013.45
198352.5%1,069,22913.69
198452.4%1,085,41513.94
198552.3%1,085,99813.98
198652.2%1,079,85813.89
198751.9%1,071,91413.77
198851.8%1,065,62113.64
198951.7%1,050,43313.34
199051.6%3.5%86.8%1,012,70212.7532.4%
199149.1%3.1%87.1%991,71912.3932.4%
199248.6%3.7%86.0%937,79311.6332.4%
199349.2%3.9%86.0%929,32711.4532.4%
199449.6%4.4%86.0%915,24911.2432.4%
199549.7%4.8%85.8%910,47311.1532.4%
199649.7%4.8%85.9%939,35511.4732.5%
199749.6%4.2%84.6%907,48211.0632.5%
199849.8%4.5%84.9%906,60511.0532.5%
199949.1%5.2%83.9%870,66410.6032.5%
200048.9%6.9%83.6%871,38510.6032.5%
200148.8%7.2%83.6%885,47510.7532.6%
200248.6%8.4%83.3%869,94010.5532.6%
200348.7%8.4%82.9%877,91310.6432.6%
200448.8%10.3%82.2%863,39010.4632.6%
200548.8%11.3%81.4%841,74810.2132.6%
200648.6%12.4%80.7%855,44810.3832.7%
200748.6%15.0%80.5%826,59710.0532.7%
200848.5%15.6%79.9%829,91110.1132.7%
200948.4%17.0%79.3%768,1339.3832.7%
201047.9%17.6%78.9%814,9629.9732.7%
201148.0%21.2%79.9%788,1219.8232.7%
201247.8%23.7%79.9%800,0329.9532.7%
201347.9%24.8%80.1%817,81610.1432.7%
201447.9%26.8%79.4%778,7539.6232.7%
201548.0%30.0%79.6%784,9149.6132.7%
201647.7%30.0%0.0%789,2499.5832.7%
201747.8%34.0%0.0%774,4779.3732.7%
201847.6%35.6%0.0%746,6979.0132.7%
201947.7%40.6%0.0%696,5008.3832.7%
202047.5%44.8%0.0%642,0887.7232.7%
202147.5%39.8%0.0%670,6678.0632.7%
202247.5%0.0%658,0897.9132.7%
202347.5%0.0%589,6607.0832.7%
20240.0%579,9366.94
Generated 2026-04-12T13:33:35.8973318Z
Sources: CiaWorldLeaders | ConstituteChronology | CountryPageNarrative | CowStateSystem | GeoBoundariesADM0 | Polity5 | Roster | SiteModernCountryData | UNWorldPopulationProspects | WorldBankMetadata | WorldBankWdi