Several eastern Baltic tribes merged in medieval times to form the ethnic core of the Latvian people (ca. 8th-12th centuries A.D.). The region subsequently came under the control of Germans, Poles, Swedes, and finally Russians. A Latvian republic emerged following World War I, but the USSR annexed it in 1940 – an action never recognized by the US and many other countries. Latvia reestablished its independence in 1991 after the breakup of the Soviet Union. Although the last Russian troops left in 1994, the status of the Russian minority (some 25% of the population) remains of concern to Moscow. Latvia joined both NATO and the EU in 2004; it joined the euro zone in 2014 and the OECD in 2016.
Current Country Profile
🇱🇻 Latvia
ContinentEurope
RegionEast European Continental Core
Formation1918
Age108 years
Land Area64,594 sq km
Population
1.9M
GDP
$43.68B
GDP per Capita
$23K
Population
1.9M
GDP
$43.68B
GDP per Capita
$23K
GNI per Capita
$22K
Land Area
64,594 sq km
Current System
Democracy
Benchmark Shelf
Population
1.9M World 8.1B Europe 866.8M
GDP
$43.68B World $109.24T Europe $29.08T
GDP per Capita
$23K World $14K Europe $34K
Life Expectancy
76.4 World 73.4 Europe 79.1
Internet Users
92.7% World 72.6% Europe 91.5%
Urban Population
68.5% World 57.4% Europe 76.1%
Trade Openness
132.3% World 54.7% Europe 86.6%
CO2 per Capita
3.65 World 4.69 Europe 6.80
Trend Wall
Population
2000-2024
1.9M
GDP
2000-2024
$43.68B
GDP per Capita
2000-2024
$23K
Life Expectancy
2000-2024
76.4
Internet Users
2000-2024
92.7%
Exports and Imports
2000-2024
$29.24B
ExportsImports
Fertility Rate
2000-2024
1.24
Urban Population
2000-2024
68.5%
Inflation
2000-2024
1.3%
Unemployment
2001-2025
6.6%
Electricity Access
1999-2023
100.0%
CO2 per Capita
2000-2024
3.65
Current Structure
Demographic Structure
Share of population
Child share 15.4%
Working-age share 62.9%
Elderly share 21.7%
Economic Structure
Share of value added
Agriculture 4.0%
Industry 18.5%
Services 64.6%
Other 12.9%
Land Use
Share of land area
Forest area 55.0%
Agricultural land 31.7%
Other land 13.3%
Electricity Mix
% of total electricity output
Fossil electricity 36.4%
Nuclear electricity 0.0%
Hydroelectricity 46.3%
Other renewables 17.3%
Energy Use Mix
% of total energy use
Fossil fuel energy 52.1%
Alternative and nuclear energy 8.2%
Combustible renewables and waste 39.7%
Milestone Timeline
Formation
1918
Modern state established
The modern sovereign-state footing used here begins in 1918.
1991
Independence
Latvia reestablished its independence in 1991 after the breakup of the Soviet Union.
1991
War milestone
Regime
1934
Shift to Autocracy
1940
Constitution adopted
1991
Shift to Democracy
1991
Constitution reinstated
External
1940
War milestone
A Latvian republic emerged following World War I, but the USSR annexed it in 1940 – an action never recognized by the US and many other countries.
2004
NATO milestone
Latvia joined both NATO and the EU in 2004; it joined the euro zone in 2014 and the OECD in 2016.
Historical Footing
Before the modern state
Before 1918
The political traditions that preceded the modern state of Latvia shaped the institutional footing that followed.
State formation
1918
The modern sovereign-state footing used here begins in 1918.
Current footing
1918 to present
Today Latvia sits in East European Continental Core, with a current system of Democracy.
Annual Explorer
Health
Infant Mortality
2.2
2024
-2.5 / 10y
W 19.0
C 4.4
Under-5 Mortality
2.5
2024
-3.1 / 10y
W 24.7
C 5.2
Maternal Mortality
19.0
2023
-5.0 / 10y
W 111.8
C 8.0
Physicians
3.40
2022
+0.25 / 10y
W 2.30
C 3.98
Hospital Beds
4.95
2023
-0.85 / 10y
W 4.14
C 5.49
Measles Immunization
98.0%
2024
+3.0 pts / 10y
W 88.9%
C 93.4%
Education
Secondary Enrollment
101.3%
2024
-12.5 pts / 10y
W 83.4%
C 103.8%
Tertiary Enrollment
82.9%
2024
+12.0 pts / 10y
W 51.1%
C 72.9%
Researchers
2,190.9
2023
+400.0 / 10y
W 2,253.0
C 3,863.9
Adult Literacy
99.9%
2011
+0.2 pts / 10y
W 76.0%
C 97.0%
Environment
CO2 Emissions
6,807
2024
-767 / 10y
W 37,916,447
C 5,832,517
Demography
Population Growth
-0.9%
2024
+0.0 pts / 10y
W 1.0%
C 0.3%
Density
28.9
2024
-3.2 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Median Age
43.1
2023
+1.8 / 10y
W 30.8
C 40.9
Net Migration
-7,330
2025
+3,496 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Connectivity
Mobile Subscriptions
121.3
2024
+1.7 / 10y
W 110.2
C 135.9
Fixed Broadband
25.8
2024
+0.4 / 10y
W 19.9
C 34.3
Secure Servers
28,218.4
2024
+27,303.5 / 10y
W 16,260.9
C 52,740.7
Economy
GDP Growth
0.0%
2024
-2.1 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Labor Force Participation
60.5%
2025
+0.5 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Deep Data
Demography
Demography summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child Share | 15.4% | 2024 | 22.2%1960 | 22.6%1962 | 14.0%2008 | +0.6 pts / 10y | -2.9 pts / 25y25y | 24.8% | 16.3% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Fertility Rate | 1.24 | 2024 | 2.081950 | 2.151987 | 1.091998 | -0.41 / 10y | +0.08 / 25y25y | 2.17 | 1.42 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Elderly Share | 21.7% | 2024 | 10.6%1960 | 21.7%2024 | 10.6%1960 | +2.5 pts / 10y | +7.0 pts / 25y25y | 10.2% | 19.0% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Net Migration | -7,330 | 2025 | 5,9371950 | 29,7601959 | -52,1801992 | +3,496 / 10y | +8,349 / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Working-Age Share | 62.9% | 2024 | 67.2%1960 | 68.4%2006 | 62.9%2024 | -3.1 pts / 10y | -4.1 pts / 25y25y | 65.1% | 64.6% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Population Growth | -0.9% | 2024 | 0.8%1950 | 2.0%1959 | -2.1%2010 | +0.0 pts / 10y | -0.1 pts / 25y25y | 1.0% | 0.3% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Population | 1.9M | 2024 | 1.9M1918 | 2.7M1989 | 1.8M1922 | -127.7K / 10y | -524.4K / 25y25y | 8.1B | 866.8M | WorldBankWdi | |
| Density | 28.9 | 2024 | 30.11918 | 42.81989 | 28.41922 | -3.2 / 10y | -9.5 / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | Derived | |
| Median Age | 43.1 | 2023 | 29.21950 | 43.12023 | 29.11951 | +1.8 / 10y | +6.8 / 25y25y | 30.8 | 40.9 | UNWorldPopulationProspects | |
| Urban Population | 68.5% | 2024 | 57.1%1960 | 70.8%1988 | 57.1%1960 | +0.6 pts / 10y | +0.4 pts / 25y25y | 57.4% | 76.1% | WorldBankWdi |
Demography year by year
| Year | Child Share | Fertility Rate | Elderly Share | Net Migration | Working-Age Share | Population Growth | Population | Density | Median Age | Urban Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1918 | 1.9M | 30.1 | ||||||||
| 1919 | 1.9M | 29.4 | ||||||||
| 1920 | 1.9M | 28.8 | ||||||||
| 1921 | 1.8M | 28.5 | ||||||||
| 1922 | 1.8M | 28.4 | ||||||||
| 1923 | 1.8M | 28.4 | ||||||||
| 1924 | 1.8M | 28.5 | ||||||||
| 1925 | 1.8M | 28.6 | ||||||||
| 1926 | 1.9M | 28.7 | ||||||||
| 1927 | 1.9M | 28.8 | ||||||||
| 1928 | 1.9M | 28.9 | ||||||||
| 1929 | 1.9M | 28.9 | ||||||||
| 1930 | 1.9M | 29.0 | ||||||||
| 1931 | 1.9M | 29.1 | ||||||||
| 1932 | 1.9M | 29.2 | ||||||||
| 1933 | 1.9M | 29.3 | ||||||||
| 1934 | 1.9M | 29.3 | ||||||||
| 1935 | 1.9M | 29.4 | ||||||||
| 1936 | 1.9M | 29.5 | ||||||||
| 1937 | 1.9M | 29.6 | ||||||||
| 1938 | 1.9M | 29.7 | ||||||||
| 1939 | 1.9M | 29.7 | ||||||||
| 1940 | 1.9M | 29.8 | ||||||||
| 1941 | 1.9M | 29.8 | ||||||||
| 1942 | 1.9M | 29.8 | ||||||||
| 1943 | 1.9M | 29.7 | ||||||||
| 1944 | 1.9M | 29.7 | ||||||||
| 1945 | 1.9M | 29.7 | ||||||||
| 1946 | 1.9M | 29.7 | ||||||||
| 1947 | 1.9M | 29.7 | ||||||||
| 1948 | 1.9M | 29.6 | ||||||||
| 1949 | 1.9M | 29.7 | ||||||||
| 1950 | 2.08 | 5,937 | 0.8% | 1.9M | 30.8 | 29.2 | ||||
| 1951 | 2.01 | 6,698 | 0.8% | 1.9M | 31.1 | 29.1 | ||||
| 1952 | 1.94 | 7,450 | 0.8% | 1.9M | 31.3 | 29.1 | ||||
| 1953 | 1.85 | 8,162 | 0.8% | 2.0M | 31.6 | 29.2 | ||||
| 1954 | 1.92 | 8,913 | 0.9% | 2.0M | 31.9 | 29.4 | ||||
| 1955 | 1.88 | 9,689 | 0.9% | 2.0M | 32.1 | 29.6 | ||||
| 1956 | 1.84 | 10,517 | 1.0% | 2.0M | 32.5 | 29.8 | ||||
| 1957 | 1.87 | 11,427 | 1.1% | 2.0M | 32.8 | 30.1 | ||||
| 1958 | 1.92 | 12,437 | 1.2% | 2.1M | 33.2 | 30.3 | ||||
| 1959 | 1.92 | 29,760 | 2.0% | 2.1M | 33.7 | 30.8 | ||||
| 1960 | 22.2% | 1.94 | 10.6% | 11,420 | 67.2% | 1.2% | 2.1M | 34.2 | 31.2 | 57.1% |
| 1961 | 22.4% | 1.94 | 10.7% | 12,364 | 66.9% | 1.5% | 2.2M | 34.7 | 31.4 | 57.7% |
| 1962 | 22.6% | 1.91 | 10.7% | 12,344 | 66.8% | 1.3% | 2.2M | 35.1 | 31.6 | 58.3% |
| 1963 | 22.5% | 1.85 | 10.7% | 12,308 | 66.7% | 1.3% | 2.2M | 35.4 | 31.8 | 58.9% |
| 1964 | 22.4% | 1.79 | 10.8% | 13,010 | 66.8% | 1.3% | 2.2M | 35.8 | 32.1 | 59.4% |
| 1965 | 22.2% | 1.74 | 11.0% | 13,218 | 66.8% | 1.1% | 2.3M | 36.2 | 32.3 | 60.0% |
| 1966 | 22.0% | 1.76 | 11.2% | 13,465 | 66.8% | 0.8% | 2.3M | 36.5 | 32.6 | 60.5% |
| 1967 | 21.8% | 1.80 | 11.4% | 14,177 | 66.8% | 0.8% | 2.3M | 36.9 | 32.7 | 61.0% |
| 1968 | 21.7% | 1.83 | 11.6% | 13,465 | 66.6% | 1.0% | 2.3M | 37.2 | 32.9 | 61.6% |
| 1969 | 21.6% | 1.88 | 11.8% | 13,718 | 66.5% | 0.8% | 2.3M | 37.6 | 33.0 | 62.1% |
| 1970 | 21.6% | 1.96 | 12.0% | 12,494 | 66.4% | 0.7% | 2.4M | 37.9 | 33.2 | 62.7% |
| 1971 | 21.5% | 2.00 | 12.2% | 10,846 | 66.3% | 0.7% | 2.4M | 38.2 | 33.3 | 63.4% |
| 1972 | 21.5% | 2.00 | 12.4% | 11,077 | 66.1% | 0.8% | 2.4M | 38.5 | 33.5 | 64.0% |
| 1973 | 21.3% | 1.98 | 12.5% | 15,997 | 66.1% | 0.8% | 2.4M | 38.8 | 33.6 | 64.7% |
| 1974 | 21.2% | 1.97 | 12.7% | 14,420 | 66.2% | 0.9% | 2.4M | 39.2 | 33.7 | 65.3% |
| 1975 | 21.0% | 1.96 | 12.8% | 12,166 | 66.2% | 0.8% | 2.5M | 39.5 | 33.9 | 65.9% |
| 1976 | 20.8% | 1.93 | 12.8% | 8,870 | 66.3% | 0.6% | 2.5M | 39.7 | 34.0 | 66.5% |
| 1977 | 20.6% | 1.89 | 12.9% | 11,992 | 66.4% | 0.6% | 2.5M | 39.9 | 34.1 | 67.1% |
| 1978 | 20.5% | 1.87 | 13.0% | 7,399 | 66.5% | 0.5% | 2.5M | 40.1 | 34.2 | 67.6% |
| 1979 | 20.4% | 1.87 | 13.0% | 3,661 | 66.5% | 0.3% | 2.5M | 40.3 | 34.1 | 68.0% |
| 1980 | 20.5% | 1.86 | 12.9% | 3,099 | 66.6% | 0.2% | 2.5M | 40.4 | 33.9 | 68.4% |
| 1981 | 20.6% | 1.88 | 12.7% | 6,536 | 66.7% | 0.3% | 2.5M | 40.5 | 33.7 | 68.8% |
| 1982 | 20.8% | 1.97 | 12.3% | 8,116 | 66.9% | 0.5% | 2.5M | 40.7 | 33.6 | 69.2% |
| 1983 | 20.9% | 2.07 | 12.1% | 8,115 | 66.9% | 0.6% | 2.5M | 40.9 | 33.6 | 69.6% |
| 1984 | 21.1% | 2.09 | 11.9% | 8,847 | 67.0% | 0.6% | 2.6M | 41.2 | 33.7 | 70.0% |
| 1985 | 21.2% | 2.08 | 11.7% | 12,037 | 67.1% | 0.7% | 2.6M | 41.4 | 33.7 | 70.3% |
| 1986 | 21.3% | 2.12 | 11.6% | 13,972 | 67.1% | 0.8% | 2.6M | 41.8 | 33.7 | 70.5% |
| 1987 | 21.3% | 2.15 | 11.6% | 19,249 | 67.0% | 1.0% | 2.6M | 42.2 | 33.6 | 70.7% |
| 1988 | 21.4% | 2.11 | 11.7% | 15,784 | 66.9% | 1.0% | 2.7M | 42.6 | 33.5 | 70.8% |
| 1989 | 21.4% | 2.05 | 11.7% | -4,960 | 66.8% | 0.5% | 2.7M | 42.8 | 33.5 | 70.8% |
| 1990 | 21.5% | 2.02 | 11.7% | -13,196 | 66.8% | -0.1% | 2.7M | 42.7 | 33.5 | 70.7% |
| 1991 | 21.5% | 1.86 | 12.0% | -12,020 | 66.5% | -0.5% | 2.7M | 42.6 | 33.8 | 70.5% |
| 1992 | 21.4% | 1.73 | 12.6% | -52,180 | 66.0% | -1.4% | 2.6M | 42.0 | 34.2 | 70.2% |
| 1993 | 21.2% | 1.51 | 13.0% | -32,914 | 65.8% | -2.0% | 2.6M | 41.2 | 34.6 | 69.9% |
| 1994 | 21.0% | 1.39 | 13.3% | -21,446 | 65.7% | -1.7% | 2.5M | 40.5 | 34.9 | 69.6% |
| 1995 | 20.7% | 1.25 | 13.6% | -13,288 | 65.7% | -1.4% | 2.5M | 40.0 | 35.2 | 69.2% |
| 1996 | 20.2% | 1.16 | 14.0% | -9,888 | 65.8% | -1.1% | 2.5M | 39.5 | 35.5 | 68.8% |
| 1997 | 19.7% | 1.11 | 14.3% | -9,183 | 66.0% | -1.0% | 2.4M | 39.1 | 35.9 | 68.5% |
| 1998 | 19.0% | 1.09 | 14.6% | -5,504 | 66.4% | -0.9% | 2.4M | 38.7 | 36.3 | 68.3% |
| 1999 | 18.3% | 1.16 | 14.8% | -3,229 | 66.9% | -0.8% | 2.4M | 38.4 | 36.7 | 68.1% |
| 2000 | 17.7% | 1.25 | 15.0% | -15,679 | 67.3% | -1.0% | 2.4M | 38.1 | 37.0 | 68.1% |
| 2001 | 17.0% | 1.22 | 15.3% | -18,634 | 67.7% | -1.3% | 2.3M | 37.6 | 37.4 | 68.0% |
| 2002 | 16.4% | 1.26 | 15.7% | -9,160 | 67.9% | -1.2% | 2.3M | 37.1 | 37.7 | 68.0% |
| 2003 | 15.8% | 1.32 | 16.1% | -11,422 | 68.2% | -1.0% | 2.3M | 36.8 | 37.9 | 67.9% |
| 2004 | 15.2% | 1.29 | 16.5% | -15,136 | 68.3% | -1.1% | 2.3M | 36.4 | 38.2 | 67.9% |
| 2005 | 14.7% | 1.39 | 16.9% | -11,134 | 68.4% | -1.1% | 2.2M | 36.0 | 38.4 | 67.9% |
| 2006 | 14.4% | 1.46 | 17.2% | -9,211 | 68.4% | -0.9% | 2.2M | 35.7 | 38.7 | 67.9% |
| 2007 | 14.1% | 1.54 | 17.5% | -8,027 | 68.4% | -0.8% | 2.2M | 35.4 | 38.9 | 67.9% |
| 2008 | 14.0% | 1.58 | 17.7% | -22,445 | 68.2% | -1.1% | 2.2M | 35.0 | 39.1 | 67.8% |
| 2009 | 14.1% | 1.46 | 18.0% | -34,807 | 67.9% | -1.7% | 2.1M | 34.4 | 39.5 | 67.8% |
| 2010 | 14.2% | 1.36 | 18.3% | -36,128 | 67.6% | -2.1% | 2.1M | 33.7 | 40.1 | 67.8% |
| 2011 | 14.2% | 1.33 | 18.5% | -20,202 | 67.3% | -1.8% | 2.1M | 33.1 | 40.6 | 67.8% |
| 2012 | 14.4% | 1.44 | 18.7% | -11,914 | 67.0% | -1.2% | 2.0M | 32.7 | 40.9 | 67.8% |
| 2013 | 14.6% | 1.52 | 18.9% | -14,386 | 66.5% | -1.1% | 2.0M | 32.3 | 41.3 | 67.8% |
| 2014 | 14.8% | 1.65 | 19.2% | -8,799 | 65.9% | -0.9% | 2.0M | 32.0 | 41.6 | 67.9% |
| 2015 | 15.1% | 1.70 | 19.5% | -10,826 | 65.4% | -0.8% | 2.0M | 31.8 | 41.8 | 67.9% |
| 2016 | 15.4% | 1.74 | 19.8% | -12,327 | 64.8% | -0.9% | 2.0M | 31.5 | 42.0 | 67.9% |
| 2017 | 15.7% | 1.69 | 20.0% | -7,867 | 64.3% | -0.9% | 1.9M | 31.2 | 42.3 | 68.0% |
| 2018 | 15.8% | 1.60 | 20.2% | -4,972 | 64.0% | -0.8% | 1.9M | 31.0 | 42.4 | 68.0% |
| 2019 | 15.9% | 1.61 | 20.4% | -3,416 | 63.7% | -0.7% | 1.9M | 30.8 | 42.6 | 68.1% |
| 2020 | 16.0% | 1.55 | 20.7% | -3,147 | 63.3% | -0.7% | 1.9M | 30.6 | 42.8 | 68.1% |
| 2021 | 16.0% | 1.57 | 20.8% | -280 | 63.1% | -0.8% | 1.9M | 30.3 | 42.9 | 68.2% |
| 2022 | 15.9% | 1.47 | 21.0% | 22,027 | 63.1% | -0.3% | 1.9M | 30.2 | 42.9 | 68.3% |
| 2023 | 15.7% | 1.36 | 21.3% | 7,966 | 63.0% | 0.2% | 1.9M | 30.3 | 43.1 | 68.4% |
| 2024 | 15.4% | 1.24 | 21.7% | -2,225 | 62.9% | -0.9% | 1.9M | 28.9 | 68.5% | |
| 2025 | -7,330 |
Economy
Economy summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labor Force Participation | 60.5% | 2025 | 60.7%1990 | 61.6%1992 | 56.2%2000 | +0.5 pts / 10y | +4.4 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Unemployment | 6.6% | 2025 | 2.7%1991 | 20.7%1996 | 2.7%1991 | -3.3 pts / 10y | -7.6 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Industry Value Added | 18.5% | 2024 | 27.5%1995 | 28.7%1997 | 18.5%2024 | -1.1 pts / 10y | -6.9 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Agriculture Value Added | 4.0% | 2024 | 8.1%1995 | 8.1%1995 | 3.1%2008 | +0.4 pts / 10y | +0.3 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Services Value Added | 64.6% | 2024 | 52.9%1995 | 64.9%2009 | 52.9%1995 | +0.3 pts / 10y | +4.8 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP Growth | 0.0% | 2024 | -12.6%1991 | 12.8%2006 | -32.1%1992 | -2.1 pts / 10y | -2.9 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP | $43.68B | 2024 | $5.61B1995 | $43.68B2024 | $5.61B1995 | +$13.41B / 10y | +$36.36B / 25y25y | $109.24T | $29.08T | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP per Capita | $23K | 2024 | $2K1995 | $23K2024 | $2K1995 | +$8K / 10y | +$20K / 25y25y | $14K | $34K | WorldBankWdi | |
| Inflation | 1.3% | 2024 | 951.7%1992 | 951.7%1992 | -1.1%2010 | +0.6 pts / 10y | -1.1 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| GNI per Capita | $22K | 2024 | $3K1997 | $22K2024 | $3K1997 | +$7K / 10y | +$19K / 25y25y | $14K | $32K | WorldBankWdi |
Economy year by year
| Year | Labor Force Participation | Unemployment | Industry Value Added | Agriculture Value Added | Services Value Added | GDP Growth | GDP | GDP per Capita | Inflation | GNI per Capita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| 1984 | ||||||||||
| 1985 | ||||||||||
| 1986 | ||||||||||
| 1987 | ||||||||||
| 1988 | ||||||||||
| 1989 | ||||||||||
| 1990 | 60.7% | |||||||||
| 1991 | 60.6% | 2.7% | -12.6% | |||||||
| 1992 | 61.6% | 6.6% | -32.1% | 951.7% | ||||||
| 1993 | 61.3% | 16.7% | -5.0% | 109.0% | ||||||
| 1994 | 60.7% | 18.7% | 2.2% | 35.9% | ||||||
| 1995 | 60.4% | 19.0% | 27.5% | 8.1% | 52.9% | -0.9% | $5.61B | $2K | 25.0% | |
| 1996 | 60.1% | 20.7% | 27.3% | 6.9% | 54.4% | 2.3% | $5.80B | $2K | 17.6% | |
| 1997 | 59.4% | 14.9% | 28.7% | 5.1% | 54.8% | 9.2% | $6.35B | $3K | 8.4% | $3K |
| 1998 | 59.0% | 14.5% | 26.4% | 3.9% | 57.6% | 6.6% | $6.97B | $3K | 4.6% | $3K |
| 1999 | 57.7% | 13.8% | 25.4% | 3.7% | 59.8% | 2.8% | $7.32B | $3K | 2.4% | $3K |
| 2000 | 56.2% | 14.2% | 24.2% | 4.5% | 60.5% | 5.8% | $7.76B | $3K | 2.7% | $3K |
| 2001 | 56.4% | 13.8% | 23.3% | 4.5% | 62.0% | 6.5% | $8.19B | $4K | 2.5% | $4K |
| 2002 | 57.8% | 13.8% | 23.4% | 4.6% | 61.8% | 7.7% | $9.25B | $4K | 1.9% | $4K |
| 2003 | 56.9% | 12.1% | 22.3% | 4.1% | 62.8% | 8.4% | $11.24B | $5K | 2.9% | $5K |
| 2004 | 57.2% | 11.7% | 22.3% | 4.4% | 62.6% | 8.7% | $13.83B | $6K | 6.2% | $6K |
| 2005 | 57.2% | 10.0% | 21.0% | 3.9% | 63.5% | 11.6% | $16.31B | $7K | 6.7% | $7K |
| 2006 | 58.9% | 7.0% | 21.9% | 3.4% | 62.6% | 12.8% | $20.43B | $9K | 6.5% | $9K |
| 2007 | 60.2% | 6.1% | 22.8% | 3.5% | 62.1% | 10.4% | $29.42B | $13K | 10.1% | $11K |
| 2008 | 61.5% | 7.7% | 22.8% | 3.1% | 63.6% | -3.4% | $34.14B | $16K | 15.4% | $13K |
| 2009 | 60.1% | 17.5% | 21.5% | 3.3% | 64.9% | -16.0% | $25.69B | $12K | 3.5% | $13K |
| 2010 | 58.8% | 19.5% | 20.9% | 4.1% | 63.7% | -3.7% | $23.47B | $11K | -1.1% | $12K |
| 2011 | 58.5% | 16.2% | 21.4% | 3.8% | 62.9% | 3.0% | $26.58B | $13K | 4.4% | $12K |
| 2012 | 59.7% | 15.0% | 21.4% | 3.5% | 63.0% | 7.3% | $27.12B | $13K | 2.3% | $13K |
| 2013 | 59.3% | 11.9% | 20.8% | 3.2% | 63.5% | 2.1% | $29.15B | $14K | 0.0% | $14K |
| 2014 | 59.2% | 10.8% | 19.6% | 3.6% | 64.3% | 2.1% | $30.28B | $15K | 0.6% | $15K |
| 2015 | 60.0% | 9.9% | 19.8% | 3.6% | 64.1% | 3.8% | $26.34B | $13K | 0.2% | $15K |
| 2016 | 60.3% | 9.6% | 19.2% | 3.3% | 64.4% | 2.6% | $27.12B | $14K | 0.1% | $14K |
| 2017 | 60.8% | 8.7% | 19.8% | 3.6% | 63.4% | 3.4% | $29.39B | $15K | 2.9% | $14K |
| 2018 | 61.3% | 7.4% | 19.3% | 3.7% | 63.3% | 4.3% | $33.25B | $17K | 2.5% | $16K |
| 2019 | 61.1% | 6.3% | 19.6% | 3.9% | 63.1% | 0.7% | $33.10B | $17K | 2.8% | $17K |
| 2020 | 61.6% | 8.1% | 20.3% | 4.1% | 62.4% | -3.5% | $33.38B | $18K | 0.2% | $17K |
| 2021 | 60.1% | 7.5% | 21.1% | 4.2% | 61.6% | 6.9% | $38.18B | $20K | 3.3% | $19K |
| 2022 | 60.9% | 6.8% | 20.6% | 5.1% | 61.6% | 1.9% | $38.00B | $20K | 17.3% | $21K |
| 2023 | 61.0% | 6.5% | 20.1% | 3.9% | 63.9% | -0.9% | $42.78B | $23K | 8.9% | $21K |
| 2024 | 60.8% | 6.9% | 18.5% | 4.0% | 64.6% | 0.0% | $43.68B | $23K | 1.3% | $22K |
| 2025 | 60.5% | 6.6% |
Trade
Trade summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade Openness | 132.3% | 2024 | 76.3%1995 | 159.9%2022 | 76.3%1995 | +2.2 pts / 10y | +50.1 pts / 25y25y | 54.7% | 86.6% | Derived | |
| Imports | $29.24B | 2024 | $2.28B1995 | $31.31B2022 | $2.28B1995 | +$9.11B / 10y | +$25.86B / 25y25y | $29.11T | $12.07T | WorldBankWdi | |
| Exports | $28.54B | 2024 | $2.00B1995 | $29.45B2022 | $2.00B1995 | +$9.29B / 10y | +$25.90B / 25y25y | $29.85T | $13.10T | WorldBankWdi |
Trade year by year
| Year | Trade Openness | Imports | Exports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1918 | |||
| 1919 | |||
| 1920 | |||
| 1921 | |||
| 1922 | |||
| 1923 | |||
| 1924 | |||
| 1925 | |||
| 1926 | |||
| 1927 | |||
| 1928 | |||
| 1929 | |||
| 1930 | |||
| 1931 | |||
| 1932 | |||
| 1933 | |||
| 1934 | |||
| 1935 | |||
| 1936 | |||
| 1937 | |||
| 1938 | |||
| 1939 | |||
| 1940 | |||
| 1941 | |||
| 1942 | |||
| 1943 | |||
| 1944 | |||
| 1945 | |||
| 1946 | |||
| 1947 | |||
| 1948 | |||
| 1949 | |||
| 1950 | |||
| 1951 | |||
| 1952 | |||
| 1953 | |||
| 1954 | |||
| 1955 | |||
| 1956 | |||
| 1957 | |||
| 1958 | |||
| 1959 | |||
| 1960 | |||
| 1961 | |||
| 1962 | |||
| 1963 | |||
| 1964 | |||
| 1965 | |||
| 1966 | |||
| 1967 | |||
| 1968 | |||
| 1969 | |||
| 1970 | |||
| 1971 | |||
| 1972 | |||
| 1973 | |||
| 1974 | |||
| 1975 | |||
| 1976 | |||
| 1977 | |||
| 1978 | |||
| 1979 | |||
| 1980 | |||
| 1981 | |||
| 1982 | |||
| 1983 | |||
| 1984 | |||
| 1985 | |||
| 1986 | |||
| 1987 | |||
| 1988 | |||
| 1989 | |||
| 1990 | |||
| 1991 | |||
| 1992 | |||
| 1993 | |||
| 1994 | |||
| 1995 | 76.3% | $2.28B | $2.00B |
| 1996 | 92.6% | $2.95B | $2.41B |
| 1997 | 90.9% | $3.18B | $2.59B |
| 1998 | 93.0% | $3.68B | $2.81B |
| 1999 | 82.2% | $3.38B | $2.64B |
| 2000 | 83.6% | $3.56B | $2.93B |
| 2001 | 88.2% | $4.04B | $3.18B |
| 2002 | 86.0% | $4.46B | $3.49B |
| 2003 | 88.6% | $5.72B | $4.24B |
| 2004 | 97.2% | $7.83B | $5.62B |
| 2005 | 104.5% | $9.74B | $7.31B |
| 2006 | 105.7% | $13.03B | $8.57B |
| 2007 | 100.9% | $17.80B | $11.88B |
| 2008 | 95.8% | $18.62B | $14.08B |
| 2009 | 88.8% | $11.67B | $11.15B |
| 2010 | 110.9% | $13.26B | $12.76B |
| 2011 | 129.7% | $18.05B | $16.42B |
| 2012 | 133.2% | $18.81B | $17.31B |
| 2013 | 129.7% | $19.56B | $18.24B |
| 2014 | 130.0% | $20.13B | $19.25B |
| 2015 | 126.4% | $16.80B | $16.49B |
| 2016 | 123.3% | $16.65B | $16.79B |
| 2017 | 128.7% | $18.98B | $18.85B |
| 2018 | 128.2% | $21.40B | $21.24B |
| 2019 | 125.3% | $20.77B | $20.70B |
| 2020 | 123.9% | $20.44B | $20.92B |
| 2021 | 136.8% | $26.72B | $25.51B |
| 2022 | 159.9% | $31.31B | $29.45B |
| 2023 | 135.6% | $29.80B | $28.23B |
| 2024 | 132.3% | $29.24B | $28.54B |
Connectivity
Connectivity summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed Broadband | 25.8 | 2024 | 0.02000 | 27.32018 | 0.02000 | +0.4 / 10y | +25.7 / 24y24y | 19.9 | 34.3 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Secure Servers | 28,218.4 | 2024 | 227.42010 | 28,218.42024 | 227.42010 | +27,303.5 / 10y | +27,991.0 / 14y14y | 16,260.9 | 52,740.7 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 121.3 | 2024 | 0.01960 | 135.22016 | 0.01960 | +1.7 / 10y | +110.0 / 25y25y | 110.2 | 135.9 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Internet Users | 92.7% | 2024 | 0.0%1990 | 92.7%2024 | 0.0%1990 | +16.9 pts / 10y | +88.3 pts / 25y25y | 72.6% | 91.5% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Electricity Access | 100.0% | 2023 | 100.0%1990 | 100.0%2023 | 99.6%2006 | 0.0 pts / 10y | 0.0 pts / 25y25y | 91.6% | 100.0% | WorldBankWdi |
Connectivity year by year
| Year | Fixed Broadband | Secure Servers | Mobile Subscriptions | Internet Users | Electricity Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1918 | |||||
| 1919 | |||||
| 1920 | |||||
| 1921 | |||||
| 1922 | |||||
| 1923 | |||||
| 1924 | |||||
| 1925 | |||||
| 1926 | |||||
| 1927 | |||||
| 1928 | |||||
| 1929 | |||||
| 1930 | |||||
| 1931 | |||||
| 1932 | |||||
| 1933 | |||||
| 1934 | |||||
| 1935 | |||||
| 1936 | |||||
| 1937 | |||||
| 1938 | |||||
| 1939 | |||||
| 1940 | |||||
| 1941 | |||||
| 1942 | |||||
| 1943 | |||||
| 1944 | |||||
| 1945 | |||||
| 1946 | |||||
| 1947 | |||||
| 1948 | |||||
| 1949 | |||||
| 1950 | |||||
| 1951 | |||||
| 1952 | |||||
| 1953 | |||||
| 1954 | |||||
| 1955 | |||||
| 1956 | |||||
| 1957 | |||||
| 1958 | |||||
| 1959 | |||||
| 1960 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1961 | |||||
| 1962 | |||||
| 1963 | |||||
| 1964 | |||||
| 1965 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1966 | |||||
| 1967 | |||||
| 1968 | |||||
| 1969 | |||||
| 1970 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1971 | |||||
| 1972 | |||||
| 1973 | |||||
| 1974 | |||||
| 1975 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1976 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1977 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1978 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1979 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1980 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1981 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1982 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1983 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1984 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1985 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1986 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1987 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1988 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1989 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1990 | 0.0 | 0.0% | 100.0% | ||
| 1991 | 0.0 | 100.0% | |||
| 1992 | 0.0 | 100.0% | |||
| 1993 | 0.1 | 100.0% | |||
| 1994 | 0.3 | 100.0% | |||
| 1995 | 0.6 | 100.0% | |||
| 1996 | 1.1 | 0.8% | 100.0% | ||
| 1997 | 3.1 | 2.1% | 100.0% | ||
| 1998 | 6.8 | 3.3% | 100.0% | ||
| 1999 | 11.3 | 4.4% | 100.0% | ||
| 2000 | 0.0 | 16.9 | 6.3% | 99.9% | |
| 2001 | 0.1 | 28.1 | 7.2% | 99.9% | |
| 2002 | 0.4 | 39.7 | 21.9% | 99.8% | |
| 2003 | 0.9 | 53.3 | 27.0% | 99.8% | |
| 2004 | 2.2 | 67.9 | 38.6% | 99.7% | |
| 2005 | 2.7 | 83.6 | 46.0% | 99.7% | |
| 2006 | 4.9 | 98.4 | 53.6% | 99.6% | |
| 2007 | 15.4 | 100.7 | 59.2% | 99.7% | |
| 2008 | 18.9 | 105.6 | 63.4% | 99.7% | |
| 2009 | 21.2 | 107.5 | 66.8% | 100.0% | |
| 2010 | 20.7 | 227.4 | 109.9 | 68.4% | 99.8% |
| 2011 | 22.2 | 326.7 | 112.1 | 69.7% | 99.8% |
| 2012 | 23.4 | 560.9 | 129.3 | 73.1% | 100.0% |
| 2013 | 24.6 | 710.5 | 127.1 | 75.2% | 100.0% |
| 2014 | 25.3 | 914.8 | 119.5 | 75.8% | 100.0% |
| 2015 | 25.5 | 1,312.8 | 130.9 | 79.2% | 100.0% |
| 2016 | 26.5 | 2,938.4 | 135.2 | 79.8% | 100.0% |
| 2017 | 27.1 | 11,948.0 | 126.8 | 80.1% | 100.0% |
| 2018 | 27.3 | 14,504.1 | 107.4 | 83.6% | 100.0% |
| 2019 | 26.6 | 19,857.6 | 108.2 | 86.1% | 100.0% |
| 2020 | 25.8 | 20,328.9 | 107.9 | 88.9% | 100.0% |
| 2021 | 26.0 | 22,572.7 | 114.6 | 91.2% | 100.0% |
| 2022 | 26.0 | 22,271.1 | 115.2 | 91.0% | 100.0% |
| 2023 | 26.0 | 26,083.1 | 119.9 | 92.2% | 100.0% |
| 2024 | 25.8 | 28,218.4 | 121.3 | 92.7% |
Education
Education summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Literacy | 99.9% | 2011 | 99.4%1989 | 99.9%2011 | 99.4%1989 | +0.2 pts / 10y | +0.5 pts / 22y22y | 76.0% | 97.0% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Researchers | 2,190.9 | 2023 | 1,149.21996 | 2,395.32021 | 1,056.21998 | +400.0 / 10y | +1,134.7 / 25y25y | 2,253.0 | 3,863.9 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Secondary Enrollment | 101.3% | 2024 | 92.9%2001 | 114.8%2013 | 92.9%2001 | -12.5 pts / 10y | +8.4 pts / 23y23y | 83.4% | 103.8% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 82.9% | 2024 | 63.5%2001 | 94.9%2019 | 63.5%2001 | +12.0 pts / 10y | +19.4 pts / 23y23y | 51.1% | 72.9% | WorldBankWdi |
Education year by year
| Year | Adult Literacy | Researchers | Secondary Enrollment | Tertiary Enrollment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1918 | ||||
| 1919 | ||||
| 1920 | ||||
| 1921 | ||||
| 1922 | ||||
| 1923 | ||||
| 1924 | ||||
| 1925 | ||||
| 1926 | ||||
| 1927 | ||||
| 1928 | ||||
| 1929 | ||||
| 1930 | ||||
| 1931 | ||||
| 1932 | ||||
| 1933 | ||||
| 1934 | ||||
| 1935 | ||||
| 1936 | ||||
| 1937 | ||||
| 1938 | ||||
| 1939 | ||||
| 1940 | ||||
| 1941 | ||||
| 1942 | ||||
| 1943 | ||||
| 1944 | ||||
| 1945 | ||||
| 1946 | ||||
| 1947 | ||||
| 1948 | ||||
| 1949 | ||||
| 1950 | ||||
| 1951 | ||||
| 1952 | ||||
| 1953 | ||||
| 1954 | ||||
| 1955 | ||||
| 1956 | ||||
| 1957 | ||||
| 1958 | ||||
| 1959 | ||||
| 1960 | ||||
| 1961 | ||||
| 1962 | ||||
| 1963 | ||||
| 1964 | ||||
| 1965 | ||||
| 1966 | ||||
| 1967 | ||||
| 1968 | ||||
| 1969 | ||||
| 1970 | ||||
| 1971 | ||||
| 1972 | ||||
| 1973 | ||||
| 1974 | ||||
| 1975 | ||||
| 1976 | ||||
| 1977 | ||||
| 1978 | ||||
| 1979 | ||||
| 1980 | ||||
| 1981 | ||||
| 1982 | ||||
| 1983 | ||||
| 1984 | ||||
| 1985 | ||||
| 1986 | ||||
| 1987 | ||||
| 1988 | ||||
| 1989 | 99.4% | |||
| 1990 | ||||
| 1991 | ||||
| 1992 | ||||
| 1993 | ||||
| 1994 | ||||
| 1995 | ||||
| 1996 | 1,149.2 | |||
| 1997 | 1,067.3 | |||
| 1998 | 1,056.2 | |||
| 1999 | 1,094.5 | |||
| 2000 | 99.8% | 1,601.0 | ||
| 2001 | 1,485.3 | 92.9% | 63.5% | |
| 2002 | 1,486.1 | 95.3% | 67.8% | |
| 2003 | 1,392.3 | 96.5% | 71.0% | |
| 2004 | 1,459.5 | 99.3% | 74.6% | |
| 2005 | 1,458.1 | 102.7% | 75.4% | |
| 2006 | 1,765.6 | 104.0% | 74.6% | |
| 2007 | 1,881.6 | 103.9% | 73.0% | |
| 2008 | 1,993.4 | 104.9% | 72.4% | |
| 2009 | 1,673.9 | 99.4% | 73.1% | |
| 2010 | 1,837.0 | 102.8% | 69.1% | |
| 2011 | 99.9% | 1,902.4 | 105.6% | 68.0% |
| 2012 | 1,909.0 | 106.3% | 66.6% | |
| 2013 | 1,790.9 | 114.8% | 69.1% | |
| 2014 | 1,872.3 | 113.7% | 70.9% | |
| 2015 | 1,818.8 | 112.4% | 74.3% | |
| 2016 | 1,600.6 | 111.3% | 80.6% | |
| 2017 | 1,785.2 | 110.7% | 88.1% | |
| 2018 | 1,786.3 | 109.2% | 93.0% | |
| 2019 | 1,891.2 | 107.6% | 94.9% | |
| 2020 | 2,134.1 | 106.0% | 94.5% | |
| 2021 | 2,395.3 | 105.8% | 93.5% | |
| 2022 | 2,270.1 | 104.8% | 91.3% | |
| 2023 | 2,190.9 | 102.1% | 85.7% | |
| 2024 | 101.3% | 82.9% |
Health
Health summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physicians | 3.40 | 2022 | 3.621980 | 4.181988 | 2.692001 | +0.25 / 10y | +0.53 / 25y25y | 2.30 | 3.98 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Hospital Beds | 4.95 | 2023 | 13.891980 | 14.311985 | 4.952023 | -0.85 / 10y | -4.46 / 25y25y | 4.14 | 5.49 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Measles Immunization | 98.0% | 2024 | 95.0%1992 | 99.0%2020 | 80.0%1993 | +3.0 pts / 10y | +1.0 pts / 25y25y | 88.9% | 93.4% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Maternal Mortality | 19.0 | 2023 | 51.01985 | 65.01994 | 19.02023 | -5.0 / 10y | -21.0 / 25y25y | 111.8 | 8.0 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Life Expectancy | 76.4 | 2024 | 64.61950 | 76.42024 | 64.61950 | +2.3 / 10y | +6.7 / 25y25y | 73.4 | 79.1 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Infant Mortality | 2.2 | 2024 | 26.71960 | 26.71960 | 2.22024 | -2.5 / 10y | -10.2 / 25y25y | 19.0 | 4.4 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Under-5 Mortality | 2.5 | 2024 | 33.21960 | 33.21960 | 2.52024 | -3.1 / 10y | -12.9 / 25y25y | 24.7 | 5.2 | WorldBankWdi |
Health year by year
| Year | Physicians | Hospital Beds | Measles Immunization | Maternal Mortality | Life Expectancy | Infant Mortality | Under-5 Mortality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1918 | |||||||
| 1919 | |||||||
| 1920 | |||||||
| 1921 | |||||||
| 1922 | |||||||
| 1923 | |||||||
| 1924 | |||||||
| 1925 | |||||||
| 1926 | |||||||
| 1927 | |||||||
| 1928 | |||||||
| 1929 | |||||||
| 1930 | |||||||
| 1931 | |||||||
| 1932 | |||||||
| 1933 | |||||||
| 1934 | |||||||
| 1935 | |||||||
| 1936 | |||||||
| 1937 | |||||||
| 1938 | |||||||
| 1939 | |||||||
| 1940 | |||||||
| 1941 | |||||||
| 1942 | |||||||
| 1943 | |||||||
| 1944 | |||||||
| 1945 | |||||||
| 1946 | |||||||
| 1947 | |||||||
| 1948 | |||||||
| 1949 | |||||||
| 1950 | 64.6 | ||||||
| 1951 | 65.2 | ||||||
| 1952 | 65.7 | ||||||
| 1953 | 66.2 | ||||||
| 1954 | 66.7 | ||||||
| 1955 | 67.1 | ||||||
| 1956 | 67.6 | ||||||
| 1957 | 68.3 | ||||||
| 1958 | 68.9 | ||||||
| 1959 | 69.5 | ||||||
| 1960 | 69.8 | 26.7 | 33.2 | ||||
| 1961 | 70.0 | 25.1 | 31.4 | ||||
| 1962 | 69.4 | 23.6 | 29.6 | ||||
| 1963 | 69.8 | 22.2 | 28.0 | ||||
| 1964 | 71.0 | 21.0 | 26.5 | ||||
| 1965 | 70.7 | 19.8 | 25.2 | ||||
| 1966 | 70.7 | 18.9 | 24.0 | ||||
| 1967 | 70.4 | 18.1 | 23.1 | ||||
| 1968 | 70.0 | 17.4 | 22.4 | ||||
| 1969 | 69.8 | 16.9 | 21.8 | ||||
| 1970 | 69.8 | 16.6 | 21.4 | ||||
| 1971 | 70.2 | 16.3 | 21.1 | ||||
| 1972 | 69.9 | 16.3 | 21.2 | ||||
| 1973 | 69.8 | 16.4 | 21.4 | ||||
| 1974 | 69.7 | 16.7 | 21.8 | ||||
| 1975 | 68.9 | 16.9 | 22.2 | ||||
| 1976 | 69.0 | 17.0 | 22.4 | ||||
| 1977 | 69.1 | 17.0 | 22.3 | ||||
| 1978 | 69.0 | 16.7 | 22.0 | ||||
| 1979 | 68.5 | 16.4 | 21.6 | ||||
| 1980 | 3.62 | 13.89 | 68.8 | 16.0 | 21.2 | ||
| 1981 | 68.8 | 15.7 | 20.8 | ||||
| 1982 | 69.3 | 15.3 | 20.2 | ||||
| 1983 | 69.1 | 14.7 | 19.5 | ||||
| 1984 | 69.2 | 14.0 | 18.5 | ||||
| 1985 | 4.10 | 14.31 | 51.0 | 69.3 | 13.2 | 17.4 | |
| 1986 | 4.08 | 14.19 | 43.0 | 70.6 | 12.5 | 16.4 | |
| 1987 | 4.11 | 14.24 | 44.0 | 70.7 | 12.0 | 15.7 | |
| 1988 | 4.18 | 14.09 | 42.0 | 70.6 | 11.9 | 15.5 | |
| 1989 | 4.16 | 14.02 | 46.0 | 70.2 | 12.3 | 15.9 | |
| 1990 | 3.55 | 14.08 | 47.0 | 69.3 | 13.1 | 16.9 | |
| 1991 | 3.61 | 13.62 | 46.0 | 69.0 | 14.2 | 18.2 | |
| 1992 | 3.13 | 12.94 | 95.0% | 48.0 | 68.4 | 15.1 | 19.3 |
| 1993 | 2.90 | 12.23 | 80.0% | 57.0 | 66.7 | 15.7 | 19.9 |
| 1994 | 2.89 | 12.06 | 81.0% | 65.0 | 65.7 | 15.8 | 20.0 |
| 1995 | 2.83 | 11.19 | 81.0% | 59.0 | 66.4 | 15.7 | 19.7 |
| 1996 | 2.83 | 10.44 | 96.0% | 45.0 | 68.8 | 15.2 | 19.0 |
| 1997 | 2.87 | 9.80 | 97.0% | 41.0 | 69.3 | 14.4 | 18.0 |
| 1998 | 2.74 | 9.41 | 97.0% | 40.0 | 69.0 | 13.4 | 16.7 |
| 1999 | 2.72 | 9.03 | 97.0% | 40.0 | 69.7 | 12.4 | 15.4 |
| 2000 | 2.88 | 8.77 | 97.0% | 34.0 | 70.3 | 11.6 | 14.3 |
| 2001 | 2.69 | 8.27 | 98.0% | 32.0 | 70.8 | 10.9 | 13.4 |
| 2002 | 2.79 | 7.86 | 98.0% | 29.0 | 71.0 | 10.3 | 12.6 |
| 2003 | 2.83 | 7.95 | 98.0% | 30.0 | 71.3 | 9.7 | 11.9 |
| 2004 | 2.92 | 7.91 | 98.0% | 28.0 | 72.0 | 9.1 | 11.1 |
| 2005 | 2.96 | 7.90 | 98.0% | 27.0 | 71.4 | 8.6 | 10.5 |
| 2006 | 3.03 | 7.84 | 98.0% | 28.0 | 70.9 | 8.1 | 9.9 |
| 2007 | 3.14 | 7.83 | 95.0% | 27.0 | 71.0 | 7.7 | 9.3 |
| 2008 | 3.23 | 7.76 | 96.0% | 25.0 | 72.4 | 7.3 | 8.8 |
| 2009 | 3.15 | 6.74 | 92.0% | 24.0 | 73.1 | 6.9 | 8.3 |
| 2010 | 3.11 | 5.68 | 95.0% | 22.0 | 73.5 | 6.4 | 7.7 |
| 2011 | 3.13 | 5.88 | 92.0% | 22.0 | 73.6 | 6.0 | 7.2 |
| 2012 | 3.14 | 5.88 | 90.0% | 20.0 | 73.8 | 5.5 | 6.6 |
| 2013 | 3.19 | 5.80 | 96.0% | 24.0 | 74.0 | 5.1 | 6.1 |
| 2014 | 3.22 | 5.66 | 95.0% | 22.0 | 74.1 | 4.7 | 5.6 |
| 2015 | 3.20 | 5.69 | 96.0% | 22.0 | 74.5 | 4.3 | 5.1 |
| 2016 | 3.21 | 5.72 | 93.0% | 23.0 | 74.6 | 4.0 | 4.8 |
| 2017 | 3.21 | 5.57 | 96.0% | 23.0 | 74.6 | 3.8 | 4.5 |
| 2018 | 3.30 | 5.49 | 98.0% | 23.0 | 74.8 | 3.6 | 4.2 |
| 2019 | 3.27 | 5.42 | 99.0% | 22.0 | 75.4 | 3.3 | 3.9 |
| 2020 | 3.34 | 5.28 | 99.0% | 21.0 | 75.2 | 3.1 | 3.6 |
| 2021 | 3.36 | 5.16 | 97.0% | 42.0 | 73.0 | 2.9 | 3.3 |
| 2022 | 3.40 | 5.02 | 96.0% | 29.0 | 74.3 | 2.6 | 3.0 |
| 2023 | 4.95 | 97.0% | 19.0 | 75.4 | 2.4 | 2.8 | |
| 2024 | 98.0% | 76.4 | 2.2 | 2.5 |
Environment
Environment summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land | 31.7% | 2023 | 40.7%1992 | 40.8%1994 | 25.4%2001 | +1.5 pts / 10y | +3.6 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Renewable Electricity | 63.6% | 2021 | 67.6%1990 | 74.5%1998 | 49.6%2019 | +13.1 pts / 10y | +4.1 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Fossil Fuel Energy | 0.0% | 2024 | 81.4%1990 | 81.4%1990 | 0.0%2016 | -56.7 pts / 10y | -63.3 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| CO2 Emissions | 6,807 | 2024 | 11,3371970 | 19,6191990 | 6,8072024 | -767 / 10y | -1,059 / 25y25y | 37,916,447 | 5,832,517 | WorldBankWdi | |
| CO2 per Capita | 3.65 | 2024 | 4.811970 | 7.371987 | 3.052000 | -0.15 / 10y | +0.36 / 25y25y | 4.69 | 6.80 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Forest Area | 55.0% | 2023 | 51.2%1992 | 55.0%2023 | 51.2%1992 | +0.6 pts / 10y | +3.1 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi |
Environment year by year
| Year | Agricultural Land | Renewable Electricity | Fossil Fuel Energy | CO2 Emissions | CO2 per Capita | Forest Area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1918 | ||||||
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| 1970 | 11,337 | 4.81 | ||||
| 1971 | 11,351 | 4.78 | ||||
| 1972 | 12,075 | 5.04 | ||||
| 1973 | 13,028 | 5.39 | ||||
| 1974 | 13,940 | 5.72 | ||||
| 1975 | 14,920 | 6.07 | ||||
| 1976 | 15,543 | 6.29 | ||||
| 1977 | 16,026 | 6.45 | ||||
| 1978 | 16,670 | 6.67 | ||||
| 1979 | 17,181 | 6.86 | ||||
| 1980 | 17,846 | 7.11 | ||||
| 1981 | 18,052 | 7.17 | ||||
| 1982 | 18,431 | 7.28 | ||||
| 1983 | 18,652 | 7.33 | ||||
| 1984 | 18,722 | 7.31 | ||||
| 1985 | 18,763 | 7.28 | ||||
| 1986 | 19,116 | 7.35 | ||||
| 1987 | 19,368 | 7.37 | ||||
| 1988 | 19,326 | 7.28 | ||||
| 1989 | 18,977 | 7.12 | ||||
| 1990 | 67.6% | 81.4% | 19,619 | 7.37 | ||
| 1991 | 58.0% | 79.6% | 17,991 | 6.79 | ||
| 1992 | 40.7% | 65.8% | 76.4% | 14,305 | 5.47 | 51.2% |
| 1993 | 40.4% | 73.3% | 73.4% | 12,051 | 4.70 | 51.3% |
| 1994 | 40.8% | 74.4% | 70.5% | 10,487 | 4.16 | 51.4% |
| 1995 | 29.4% | 73.8% | 66.4% | 9,236 | 3.72 | 51.5% |
| 1996 | 30.1% | 59.5% | 65.2% | 9,251 | 3.76 | 51.6% |
| 1997 | 28.5% | 65.6% | 65.1% | 8,815 | 3.62 | 51.8% |
| 1998 | 28.1% | 74.5% | 65.0% | 8,418 | 3.49 | 51.9% |
| 1999 | 26.0% | 67.1% | 63.3% | 7,866 | 3.29 | 52.0% |
| 2000 | 25.5% | 68.3% | 63.4% | 7,231 | 3.05 | 52.1% |
| 2001 | 25.4% | 66.3% | 63.7% | 7,669 | 3.28 | 52.3% |
| 2002 | 25.6% | 62.5% | 63.4% | 7,665 | 3.32 | 52.5% |
| 2003 | 25.4% | 58.8% | 63.6% | 7,915 | 3.46 | 52.7% |
| 2004 | 26.4% | 68.2% | 63.0% | 7,958 | 3.52 | 52.9% |
| 2005 | 27.9% | 69.6% | 63.2% | 8,030 | 3.59 | 53.1% |
| 2006 | 29.8% | 57.0% | 64.8% | 8,540 | 3.85 | 53.3% |
| 2007 | 29.6% | 59.3% | 65.1% | 8,914 | 4.05 | 53.6% |
| 2008 | 29.3% | 60.9% | 65.1% | 8,479 | 3.89 | 53.8% |
| 2009 | 29.5% | 63.9% | 61.1% | 7,752 | 3.62 | 54.0% |
| 2010 | 29.0% | 54.9% | 65.8% | 8,880 | 4.23 | 54.2% |
| 2011 | 29.2% | 50.5% | 62.9% | 8,233 | 4.00 | 54.3% |
| 2012 | 29.6% | 66.6% | 58.0% | 8,027 | 3.95 | 54.3% |
| 2013 | 30.2% | 56.9% | 58.9% | 7,779 | 3.87 | 54.4% |
| 2014 | 30.1% | 54.5% | 56.7% | 7,574 | 3.80 | 54.4% |
| 2015 | 30.3% | 50.2% | 59.0% | 7,648 | 3.87 | 54.5% |
| 2016 | 31.0% | 54.2% | 0.0% | 7,481 | 3.82 | 54.6% |
| 2017 | 31.1% | 72.5% | 0.0% | 7,432 | 3.83 | 54.6% |
| 2018 | 31.1% | 52.0% | 0.0% | 8,108 | 4.21 | 54.7% |
| 2019 | 31.5% | 49.6% | 0.0% | 7,908 | 4.13 | 54.7% |
| 2020 | 31.6% | 63.8% | 0.0% | 7,277 | 3.83 | 54.8% |
| 2021 | 31.7% | 63.6% | 0.0% | 7,530 | 4.00 | 54.9% |
| 2022 | 31.7% | 0.0% | 6,927 | 3.69 | 54.9% | |
| 2023 | 31.7% | 0.0% | 6,900 | 3.66 | 55.0% | |
| 2024 | 0.0% | 6,807 | 3.65 |
Generated 2026-04-12T13:34:14.0928897Z
Sources: CiaWorldLeaders | ConstituteChronology | CountryPageNarrative | CowStateSystem | GeoBoundariesADM0 | Polity5 | Roster | SiteModernCountryData | UNWorldPopulationProspects | WorldBankMetadata | WorldBankWdi