The Principality of Liechtenstein was established within the Holy Roman Empire in 1719. Occupied by both French and Russian troops during the Napoleonic Wars, it became a sovereign state in 1806 and joined the German Confederation in 1815. Liechtenstein became fully independent in 1866 when the Confederation dissolved. Until the end of World War I, it was closely tied to Austria, but the economic devastation caused by that conflict forced Liechtenstein to enter into a customs and monetary union with Switzerland. Since World War II (in which Liechtenstein remained neutral), the country’s low taxes have spurred outstanding economic growth. In 2000, shortcomings in banking regulatory oversight resulted in concerns about the use of financial institutions for money laundering. However, Liechtenstein implemented anti-money laundering legislation and a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty with the US that went into effect in 2003.

Current Country Profile

🇱🇮 Liechtenstein

ContinentEurope
RegionCentral European Highlands
Formation1990
Age36 years
Land Area161 sq km
Population
40.5K
Latest 2024
GDP
$8.24B
Latest 2023
GDP per Capita
$207K
Latest 2023
Terra Firma
Population
40.5K
Latest 2024
GDP
$8.24B
Latest 2023
GDP per Capita
$207K
Latest 2023
GNI per Capita
$116K
Latest 2009
Land Area
161 sq km
Western Europe
Current System
Autocracy

Benchmark Shelf

Population
40.5K World 8.1B Europe 866.8M
GDP
$8.24B World $105.15T Europe $27.55T
GDP per Capita
$207K World $13K Europe $32K
Life Expectancy
84.2 World 73.4 Europe 79.1
Internet Users
98.3% World 72.6% Europe 91.5%
Urban Population
14.7% World 57.4% Europe 76.1%

Trend Wall

Population
2000-2024
40.5K
Latest 2024+3.2K / 10y
GDP
1999-2023
$8.24B
Latest 2023+$1.85B / 10y
GDP per Capita
1999-2023
$207K
Latest 2023+$34K / 10y
Life Expectancy
2000-2024
84.2
Latest 2024+2.1 / 10yContinent 79.1
Internet Users
2000-2024
98.3%
Latest 2024+3.1 pts / 10yContinent 91.5%
Fertility Rate
2000-2024
1.37
Latest 2024-0.22 / 10y
Urban Population
2000-2024
14.7%
Latest 2024+0.2 pts / 10y
Electricity Access
1999-2023
100.0%
Latest 20230.0 pts / 10y

Current Structure

Demographic Structure
Share of population
Child share 14.3%
Working-age share 65.0%
Elderly share 20.7%
Economic Structure
Share of value added
Agriculture 0.2%
Industry 39.1%
Services 57.4%
Other 3.3%
Land Use
Share of land area
Forest area 41.9%
Agricultural land 32.3%
Other land 25.8%
Electricity Mix
% of total electricity output
Fossil electricity 1.0%
Nuclear electricity 0.0%
Hydroelectricity 58.0%
Other renewables 41.0%
Energy Use Mix
% of total energy use
Fossil fuel energy 48.0%
Alternative and nuclear energy 41.2%
Combustible renewables and waste 10.8%

Milestone Timeline

Formation
1866
Independence
Liechtenstein became fully independent in 1866 when the Confederation dissolved.
1990
Modern state established
The modern sovereign-state footing used here begins in 1990.
Regime
1818
Constitution adopted
1862
Constitution adopted
1921
Constitution adopted
2000
Leadership milestone
In 2000, shortcomings in banking regulatory oversight resulted in concerns about the use of financial institutions for money laundering.
External
1806
War milestone
Occupied by both French and Russian troops during the Napoleonic Wars, it became a sovereign state in 1806 and joined the German Confederation in 1815.

Historical Footing

Before the modern state
1719 to 1989
The Principality of Liechtenstein was established within the Holy Roman Empire in 1719.
State formation
1990
Liechtenstein became fully independent in 1866 when the Confederation dissolved.
Current footing
1990 to present
Today Liechtenstein sits in Central European Highlands, with a current system of Autocracy.

Annual Explorer

Connectivity
Mobile Subscriptions
128.9
2024
+19.5 / 10y
W 110.2
C 135.9
Fixed Broadband
50.0
2024
+8.0 / 10y
W 19.9
C 34.3
Secure Servers
60,321.4
2024
+45,958.2 / 10y
W 16,260.9
C 52,740.7
Education
Secondary Enrollment
118.7%
2021
+7.3 pts / 10y
W 84.3%
C 104.8%
Tertiary Enrollment
46.0%
2021
+2.3 pts / 10y
W 51.3%
C 77.3%
Researchers
18,129.8
2023
W 2,253.0
C 3,863.9
Demography
Population Growth
1.5%
2024
+0.8 pts / 10y
W 1.0%
C 0.3%
Density
252.0
2024
+19.7 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Median Age
44.2
2023
+2.8 / 10y
W 30.8
C 40.9
Net Migration
194
2025
+31 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Economy
GDP Growth
-1.2%
2009
-11.6 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a

Deep Data

Demography

Demography summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Child Share14.3%202419.1%199019.1%199014.3%2024-0.9 pts / 10y-4.3 pts / 25y25y24.8%16.3%WorldBankWdi
Fertility Rate1.3720241.5019901.7120091.362003-0.22 / 10y-0.26 / 25y25y2.171.42WorldBankWdi
Elderly Share20.7%202410.0%199020.7%202410.0%1990+4.8 pts / 10y+10.3 pts / 25y25y10.2%19.0%WorldBankWdi
Net Migration194202512019902712019632016+31 / 10y+27 / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Working-Age Share65.0%202471.0%199071.2%200165.0%2024-4.0 pts / 10y-6.0 pts / 25y25y65.1%64.6%WorldBankWdi
Population Growth1.5%20241.5%19901.7%19990.6%2016+0.8 pts / 10y-0.2 pts / 25y25y1.0%0.3%WorldBankWdi
Population40.5K202428.7K199040.5K202428.7K1990+3.2K / 10y+8.2K / 25y25y8.1B866.8MWorldBankWdi
Density252.02024180.51990252.02024180.51990+19.7 / 10y+47.4 / 25y25yn/an/aDerived
Median Age44.2202331.9199044.2202331.91990+2.8 / 10y+9.6 / 25y25y30.840.9UNWorldPopulationProspects
Urban Population14.7%202416.9%199016.9%199014.4%2011+0.2 pts / 10y-0.5 pts / 25y25y57.4%76.1%WorldBankWdi
Demography year by year 1990–2025 · 36 years · 10 metrics
Year Child ShareFertility RateElderly ShareNet MigrationWorking-Age SharePopulation GrowthPopulationDensityMedian AgeUrban Population
199019.1%1.5010.0%12071.0%1.5%28.7K180.531.916.9%
199118.9%1.5010.1%21971.0%1.6%29.2K183.032.316.8%
199218.9%1.4810.2%22370.9%1.4%29.6K185.832.616.7%
199318.9%1.4510.2%24070.9%1.5%30.1K188.632.916.7%
199418.9%1.4410.3%23170.8%1.3%30.5K191.333.316.6%
199518.9%1.4410.3%26470.8%1.0%30.8K194.033.616.4%
199618.8%1.5210.3%23370.9%0.8%31.0K196.734.016.2%
199718.7%1.5710.2%23271.0%0.6%31.2K199.434.315.9%
199818.7%1.5910.3%19871.0%1.4%31.7K202.034.615.5%
199918.6%1.6310.4%19871.0%1.7%32.2K204.535.015.2%
200018.4%1.5710.4%16771.1%1.3%32.6K207.035.515.0%
200118.3%1.5210.5%11371.2%1.7%33.2K209.035.914.9%
200218.2%1.4710.7%12171.1%1.5%33.7K210.936.314.8%
200318.0%1.3610.9%18971.1%1.1%34.1K212.936.714.7%
200417.8%1.4411.2%16671.1%1.1%34.4K214.937.214.7%
200517.5%1.4911.5%11771.0%0.9%34.8K216.837.614.6%
200617.2%1.4311.8%13771.0%0.8%35.0K218.638.114.5%
200716.9%1.4212.3%8970.9%0.6%35.3K220.238.614.5%
200816.6%1.4312.8%8770.6%0.6%35.5K221.539.114.5%
200916.4%1.7113.3%15070.3%0.8%35.7K223.239.614.4%
201016.1%1.4013.8%12470.1%0.8%36.0K225.040.114.4%
201115.8%1.6914.3%13969.9%0.8%36.3K226.740.514.4%
201215.6%1.5114.8%23169.6%0.9%36.7K228.740.914.4%
201315.3%1.4515.4%18069.3%0.9%37.0K230.741.414.4%
201415.1%1.5915.9%10369.0%0.7%37.2K232.341.814.4%
201515.0%1.4016.4%16368.7%0.7%37.5K233.842.114.5%
201614.8%1.6116.9%6368.3%0.6%37.7K235.142.514.5%
201714.7%1.4417.4%20667.9%0.7%38.0K236.642.914.5%
201814.7%1.5817.9%15567.5%0.7%38.2K238.343.214.6%
201914.6%1.4818.3%27167.1%0.8%38.6K240.343.414.6%
202014.6%1.4618.7%26966.8%0.9%38.9K242.343.614.7%
202114.5%1.5319.1%18766.4%0.7%39.2K244.043.814.7%
202214.4%1.4719.6%21266.0%0.8%39.5K245.744.014.7%
202314.3%1.4520.2%21465.5%0.9%39.8K247.544.214.7%
202414.3%1.3720.7%20665.0%1.5%40.5K252.014.7%
2025194

Economy

Economy summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Industry Value Added39.1%202339.3%201344.3%201937.3%2015-0.2 pts / 10y-0.2 pts / 10y10yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Services Value Added57.4%202354.7%201657.4%202351.6%2017+2.8 pts / 7y7yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Agriculture Value Added0.2%20230.1%20160.2%20200.1%2016+0.0 pts / 7y7yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
GNI per Capita$116K2009$46K1990$122K2008$46K1990+$36K / 10y+$71K / 19y19y$9K$26KWorldBankWdi
GDP$8.24B2023$1.42B1990$8.24B2023$1.42B1990+$1.85B / 10y+$5.76B / 25y25y$105.15T$27.55TWorldBankWdi
GDP Growth-1.2%20092.3%199010.4%1999-1.9%2003-11.6 pts / 10y-3.4 pts / 19y19yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
GDP per Capita$207K2023$49K1990$207K2023$49K1990+$34K / 10y+$128K / 25y25y$13K$32KWorldBankWdi
Economy year by year 1990–2023 · 34 years · 7 metrics
Year Industry Value AddedServices Value AddedAgriculture Value AddedGNI per CapitaGDPGDP GrowthGDP per Capita
1990$46K$1.42B2.3%$49K
1991$48K$1.48B1.8%$51K
1992$54K$1.63B3.6%$55K
1993$56K$1.67B4.3%$56K
1994$62K$1.95B6.9%$64K
1995$70K$2.43B5.9%$79K
1996$79K$2.50B6.9%$81K
1997$82K$2.30B7.2%$74K
1998$79K$2.48B7.8%$78K
1999$80K$2.66B10.4%$83K
2000$80K$2.48B3.2%$76K
2001$69K$2.49B-0.7%$75K
2002$65K$2.69B-1.0%$80K
2003$69K$3.07B-1.9%$90K
2004$79K$3.45B3.0%$100K
2005$93K$3.66B4.8%$105K
2006$104K$4.00B8.6%$114K
2007$112K$4.60B3.3%$130K
2008$122K$5.08B1.8%$143K
2009$116K$4.50B-1.2%$126K
2010$5.08B$141K
2011$5.74B$158K
2012$5.46B$149K
201339.3%$6.39B$173K
201439.6%$6.66B$179K
201537.3%$6.27B$167K
201642.0%54.7%0.1%$6.24B$165K
201744.1%51.6%0.1%$6.47B$171K
201841.8%54.1%0.1%$6.69B$175K
201944.3%52.2%0.1%$6.44B$167K
202040.3%56.1%0.2%$6.41B$165K
202140.8%55.1%0.2%$7.91B$202K
202239.4%56.7%0.2%$7.43B$188K
202339.1%57.4%0.2%$8.24B$207K

Connectivity

Connectivity summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Fixed Broadband50.020244.3200250.020244.32002+8.0 / 10y+45.7 / 22y22y19.934.3WorldBankWdi
Secure Servers60,321.420243,803.2201066,179.820233,803.22010+45,958.2 / 10y+56,518.2 / 14y14y16,260.952,740.7WorldBankWdi
Mobile Subscriptions128.920240.01990128.920240.01990+19.5 / 10y+101.3 / 25y25y110.2135.9WorldBankWdi
Internet Users98.3%20240.0%199099.5%20170.0%1990+3.1 pts / 10y+98.3 pts / 25y25y72.6%91.5%WorldBankWdi
Electricity Access100.0%2023100.0%1990100.0%2023100.0%19900.0 pts / 10y0.0 pts / 25y25y91.6%100.0%WorldBankWdi
Connectivity year by year 1990–2024 · 35 years · 5 metrics
Year Fixed BroadbandSecure ServersMobile SubscriptionsInternet UsersElectricity Access
19900.00.0%100.0%
1991100.0%
1992100.0%
1993100.0%
1994100.0%
1995100.0%
1996100.0%
1997100.0%
199823.3100.0%
199927.6100.0%
200030.236.5%100.0%
200132.945.1%100.0%
20024.333.859.5%100.0%
20034.473.458.8%100.0%
200413.874.264.0%100.0%
200524.879.363.4%100.0%
200628.682.264.2%100.0%
200740.390.965.1%100.0%
200843.995.970.0%100.0%
200944.798.075.0%100.0%
201042.43,803.298.680.0%100.0%
201137.57,490.6101.985.0%100.0%
201239.49,766.298.689.4%100.0%
201340.711,599.6104.193.8%100.0%
201442.014,363.2109.495.2%100.0%
201542.015,442.5109.596.6%100.0%
201642.417,525.7117.898.1%100.0%
201742.923,813.3122.699.5%100.0%
201843.834,853.3124.0100.0%
201944.747,351.1124.293.1%100.0%
202046.651,412.6126.194.3%100.0%
202147.562,069.3126.195.6%100.0%
202248.966,037.0126.397.9%100.0%
202349.466,179.8127.198.1%100.0%
202450.060,321.4128.998.3%

Education

Education summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Researchers18,129.8202320,047.0201920,047.0201918,129.82023-1,917.3 / 4y4y2,253.03,863.9WorldBankWdi
Tertiary Enrollment46.0%202120.8%200346.0%202120.8%2003+2.3 pts / 10y+25.3 pts / 18y18y51.3%77.3%WorldBankWdi
Secondary Enrollment118.7%2021111.7%2003120.2%2020105.8%2009+7.3 pts / 10y+7.0 pts / 18y18y84.3%104.8%WorldBankWdi
Education year by year 1990–2023 · 34 years · 3 metrics
Year ResearchersTertiary EnrollmentSecondary Enrollment
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
200320.8%111.7%
200424.6%110.8%
200524.5%107.1%
200629.8%107.0%
200731.6%106.1%
200836.7%107.6%
200934.5%105.8%
201036.0%108.9%
201143.7%111.5%
201242.5%110.4%
2013
201437.5%115.6%
201533.5%116.1%
201635.0%116.0%
201735.6%117.1%
201838.3%112.0%
201920,047.041.2%119.2%
202042.6%120.2%
202146.0%118.7%
2022
202318,129.8

Health

Health summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Life Expectancy84.2202478.3199084.6202376.01997+2.1 / 10y+5.1 / 25y25y73.479.1WorldBankWdi
Health year by year 1990–2024 · 35 years · 1 metric
Year Life Expectancy
199078.3
199178.5
199278.5
199378.3
199478.4
199577.4
199676.8
199776.0
199877.7
199979.1
200076.8
200179.3
200279.6
200380.0
200481.8
200580.7
200680.9
200781.3
200882.7
200981.5
201081.8
201181.8
201282.4
201382.3
201482.1
201582.7
201682.3
201783.7
201883.0
201984.2
202081.7
202184.4
202284.1
202384.6
202484.2

Environment

Environment summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Agricultural Land32.3%202343.8%199043.8%200032.3%2019-1.1 pts / 10y-11.4 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Forest Area41.9%202340.6%199041.9%202340.6%1990+0.0 pts / 10y+0.3 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Environment year by year 1990–2023 · 34 years · 2 metrics
Year Agricultural LandForest Area
199043.8%40.6%
199143.8%40.8%
199243.8%40.9%
199343.8%41.0%
199443.8%41.1%
199543.8%41.3%
199643.8%41.4%
199743.8%41.5%
199843.8%41.6%
199943.8%41.8%
200043.8%41.9%
200143.1%41.9%
200242.3%41.9%
200341.5%41.9%
200440.7%41.9%
200539.9%41.9%
200639.1%41.9%
200738.3%41.9%
200837.4%41.9%
200936.6%41.9%
201035.8%41.9%
201135.0%41.9%
201234.2%41.9%
201333.4%41.9%
201432.8%41.9%
201532.6%41.9%
201632.5%41.9%
201732.4%41.9%
201832.4%41.9%
201932.3%41.9%
202032.3%41.9%
202132.3%41.9%
202232.3%41.9%
202332.3%41.9%
Generated 2026-04-12T13:34:19.4195709Z
Sources: CiaWorldLeaders | ConstituteChronology | CountryPageNarrative | CowStateSystem | GeoBoundariesADM0 | Roster | SiteModernCountryData | UNWorldPopulationProspects | WorldBankMetadata | WorldBankWdi