The Holy Family
{"WorkMasterId":5772,"WpPageId":270957,"ParentWpPageId":193817,"Slug":"the-holy-family","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/friedrich-engels/the-holy-family/","RelativeUrl":"theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/friedrich-engels/the-holy-family/","HasFullText":true,"RawHtmlLength":79698,"CleanHtmlLength":24947,"Kicker":"Philosophy Work","Title":"The Holy Family","Deck":"Marx and Engels attack Young Hegelian idealism and redirect criticism toward real social relations, material needs, and proletarian politics.","BackLink":{"Text":"Back to Friedrich Engels","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/friedrich-engels/"},"AuthorCard":{"Label":"Author","Title":"Friedrich Engels","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/friedrich-engels/","MediaHref":"","ImageSrc":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/friedrich-engels-01-mi-young-pencil-portrait.jpg","ImageAlt":"Friedrich Engels young pencil portrait","FilterTerra":"Western Europe","ClickText":"Friedrich Engels","ClickHref":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/friedrich-engels/","Copies":["1820 CE – 1895 CE","Barmen, Rhine Province, Prussia","German socialist philosopher, political economist, and cofounder of Marxism whose historical materialism, capitalism critique, dialectics, class analysis, and later editorial work shaped modern socialist theory."]},"ContextCards":[{"Label":"Period","Key":"Period:4","Title":"Modern History","DateText":"1800 CE – 1944 CE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-modern-history/"},{"Label":"Era","Key":"Era:11","Title":"Long 19th Century","DateText":"1870 CE – 1913 CE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-modern-history/philosophers-of-the-long-19th-century/"},{"Label":"Composition","Title":"1845 CE","Url":"","DateText":""}],"DateNote":"Coauthored with Karl Marx and published in 1845 CE; visible coauthorship status required.","GeoCards":[{"Label":"Region","Key":"Region:1"},{"Label":"Terra Avita","Key":"TerraAvita:1"},{"Label":"Terra Avita Region","Key":"TerraAvitaRegion:3"},{"Label":"Modern Country","Key":"Country:DEU:1"}],"OriginalTitle":"Die heilige Familie","Language":"German / English","DisciplineCards":[{"Label":"Primary Discipline","Key":"Discipline:epistemology"},{"Label":"Secondary Discipline","Key":"Discipline:political-philosophy"}],"Tradition":"Marxism / historical materialism","FullText":{"Title":"Full Text","Copy":"Full text from Marxists Internet Archive: The Holy Family .","Url":"","Label":"","Kicker":"","Cards":[]},"CoreThesis":["Marx and Engels attack Young Hegelian idealism and redirect criticism toward real social relations, material needs, and proletarian politics."],"Classification":{"AlternateTitles":"Critique of Critical Criticism","KeyConcepts":"Friedrich Engels; Karl Marx; historical materialism; dialectics; class struggle; capitalism; socialism; communism; political economy; ideology; state; family; science; nature; religion; Manchester; Barmen","Methodology":"Historical analysis, political economy, social investigation, polemic, dialectical materialist reconstruction, journalism, and collaborative Marxist theory.","Structure":"The page records an approved Engels work with visible date, coauthorship, posthumous, unfinished, essay, or transmission notes where needed."},"Arguments":["Marx and Engels attack Young Hegelian idealism and redirect criticism toward real social relations, material needs, and proletarian politics."],"Influence":{"InfluencedBy":"Karl Marx, Hegel, Feuerbach, Moses Hess, British political economy, Manchester industrial capitalism, Chartism, and German radical criticism.","InfluenceOn":""},"Significance":["Included as one of the direct or coauthored Engels work pages approved for the Friedrich Engels full-process update.","The work documents Engels\u0027s role in historical materialism, political economy, socialism, class analysis, science, religion critique, family theory, and Marxist reception."],"EvidenceNote":["Direct or coauthored work page approved in the Friedrich Engels update. Marx-only works, Engels-edited Marx volumes, collected editions, correspondence, individual letters, journalism fragments, military articles, modern translations, anthologies, catalog rows, biographies, and scholarship remain evidence/Other Voices."],"MainSections":[{"Kind":"RawSection","Title":"Full Text","BodyHtml":"\u003cp class=\"dz-philo__section-copy dz-philo__full-text-source\"\u003eFull text from \u003ca href=\"https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/holy-family/\"\u003eMarxists Internet Archive: The Holy Family\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003carticle class=\"dz-philo__full-text-body\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eThe Holy Family\u003cBR\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eor Critique of Critical Criticism.\u003cBR\u003e\r\nAgainst Bruno Bauer and Company\u003c/span\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"footnote.htm#n1\"\u003e[1]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003e* * *\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#8220;When I visited Marx in Paris in the summer of 1844,\u003cbr /\u003e our complete agreement\r\nin all theoretical fields\u003cbr /\u003e became evident and our joint work dates from that time.\u0026#8221;\u003cbr /\u003e\r\n\u003cem\u003eFrederick Engels\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003e* * *\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eWritten:\u003c/span\u003e between September and November 1844;\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eFirst Published:\u003c/span\u003e The book was first published in February 1845, Frankfurt am Main. The work was never translated into English in either man\u0026#8217;s lifetime;\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eTranslated:\u003c/span\u003e This 1956 English translation is by Richard Dixon, and is taken from the 1845 German edition;\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eTranscribed\u003c/span\u003e by Peter Byrne and Andy Blunden;\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eSource:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"../../download/pdf/holy-family.pdf\"\u003eForeign Languages Publishing House\u003c/a\u003e, Moscow 1956.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003chr\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\nDuring Engels\u0027 short stay in Paris in 1844, Marx suggested the two of them should write a critique of the rage of their day, the Young Hegelians. In the doing was born the first joint writing project between the two men — and a life-long association that would change the world.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\nAt the end of August, 1844, Engels passed through Paris, \u003cem\u003een route\u003c/em\u003e to his employment in Manchester, England, from visiting his family in Barmen (Germany). During 10 days in the French capital, he met Marx (for the second time).\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\nAfter talking, they began drawing up plans for a book about the Young Hegelian trend of thought very popular in academic circles. Agreeing to co-author the Foreword, they divided up the other sections. Engels finished his assigned chapters before leaving Paris. Marx had the larger share of work, and he completed it by the end of November 1844. (Marx would draw from his Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts, on which he\u0027d been working the spring and summer of 1844.)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\nThe foremost title line \u0026#8212; \u0026#8220;The Holy Family\u0026#8221; \u0026#8212; was added at the suggestion of the book publisher Lowenthal. It\u0027s a sarcastic reference to the Bauer brothers and their supporters.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\nThe book made something of a splash in the newspapers. One paper noted, that it expressed socialist views since it criticised the \u0026#8220;inadequacy of any half-measures directed at eliminating the social ailments of our time.\u0026#8221; The conservative press immediately recognized the radical elements inherent in its many arguments. One paper wrote that, in \u003cem\u003eThe Holy Family\u003c/em\u003e, \u0026#8220;every line preaches revolt… against the state, the church, the family, legality, religion and property.\u0026#8221; It also noted that \u0026#8220;prominence is given to the most radical and the most open communism, and this is all the more dangerous as Mr. Marx cannot be denied either extremely broad knowledge or the ability to make use of the polemical arsenal of Hegel\u0026#8217;s logic, what is customarily called \u0026#8216;iron logic.\u0026#8217;\u0026#82210;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\nLenin would later claim this work laid the foundations for what would develop into a scientific revolutionary materialist socialism. \u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\nBruno Bauer attempted to rebut the book in the article \u0026#8220;Charakteristik Ludwig Feuerbachs\u0026#8221; \u0026#8212; which was published in \u003cem\u003eWigand\u0026#8217;s Vierteljahrsschrift\u003c/em\u003e, Leipzig 1845. Bauer essentially claimed that Marx and Engels misunderstood what he was really saying. Marx would reply to that article with his own article \u0026#8212; published in the journal \u003cem\u003eGesellschaftsspiegel\u003c/em\u003e, Elberfeld, January 1846. And the matter was also discussed in chapter 2 of \u003cem\u003eThe German Ideology\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003chr\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cP\u003e\u003cIMG SRC=\"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/philosophy-full-text-work-5772-the-holy-family-9ad9f740ae-9f99ef2b1025a239.jpg\" width=\"350\" HSPACE=\"10\" VSPACE=\"10\" BORDER=\"1\" ALIGN=\"RIGHT\" alt=\"Cover of 1845 edition of pamphlet\" /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003eTable of Contents\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"introduction.htm\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, by Foreign Languages Publishers\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"ch00.htm\"\u003eForeword\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, by Frederick Engels\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cP\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 1:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch01.htm\"\u003e\"Critical Criticism in the Form of as Master-Bookbinder\", or Critical Criticism as Herr Reichardt\u003c/a\u003e (by Engels)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cP\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 2:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch02.htm\"\u003e\"Critical Critcism\" as a \"Mill-Owner\", or Critical Criticism as Herr Jules Faucher\u003c/a\u003e (by Engels)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cP\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 3:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch03.htm\"\u003e\"The Thoroughness of Critical Criticism\", or Critical Criticism as Herr J. (Jungnitz?)\u003c/a\u003e (by Engels)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cP\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 4:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch04.htm\"\u003e\"Critical Criticism\" as the Tranquility of Knowledge, or \"Critical Criticism\" as Herr Edgar\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n1. \u003ca href=\"ch04.htm#4.1\"\u003eFlora Tristan\u0027s \u003cem\u003eUnion Ouvriere\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e (by Engels)\u003cbr\u003e\r\n2. \u003ca href=\"ch04.htm#4.2\"\u003eBeraud on Prostitutes\u003c/a\u003e (by Engels)\u003cbr\u003e\r\n3. Marx and Engels in Paris in 1844, \u003ca href=\"ch04.htm#4.3\"\u003eLove\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003cbr\u003e\r\n4. \u003ca href=\"ch04.htm#4.4\"\u003eProudhon\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 5:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch05.htm\"\u003e\"Critical Criticism\" as a Mystery-Monger, or \"Critical Criticism\" as Herr Szeliga\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n1. \u003ca href=\"ch05.htm#5.1\"\u003eThe Mystery of Degeneracy in Civilisation\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n2. \u003ca href=\"ch05.htm#5.2\"\u003eThe Mystery of Speculative Construction\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n3. \u003ca href=\"ch05.htm#5.3\"\u003eThe Mystery of Educated Society\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n4. \u003ca href=\"ch05.htm#5.4\"\u003eThe Mystery of Probity and Piety\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n5. \u003ca href=\"ch05.htm#5.5\"\u003eMystery, a Mockery\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n6. \u003ca href=\"ch05.htm#5.6\"\u003eTurtle-Dove (Rigolette)\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n7. \u003ca href=\"ch05.htm#5.7\"\u003eThe World System of the Mysteries of Paris\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cP\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 6:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch06.htm\"\u003eAbsolute Critical Criticism, or Critical Criticism as Herr Bruno\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n1. \u003ca href=\"ch06.htm\"\u003eAbsolute Criticism\u0027s First Campaign\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\na. \u003ca href=\"ch06.htm#6.1.a\"\u003e\"Spirit\" and \"Mass\"\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\nb. \u003ca href=\"ch06.htm#6.1.b\"\u003eThe Jewish Question No. 1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\nc. \u003ca href=\"ch06.htm#6.1.c\"\u003eSocialism and Philosophy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n2. \u003ca href=\"ch06_2.htm\"\u003eAbsolute Cricitism\u0027s Second Campaign\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\na. \u003ca href=\"ch06_2.htm#6.2.a\"\u003e\"Criticism\" and Feuerbach\u003c/a\u003e (by Engels)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nb. \u003ca href=\"ch06_2.htm#6.2.b\"\u003eThe Jewish Question No. 2\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n3. \u003ca href=\"ch06_3.htm\"\u003eAbsolute Criticism\u0027s Third Campaign\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\na. \u003ca href=\"ch06_3.htm\"\u003eIts \"political\" Past\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\nb. \u003ca href=\"ch06_3_b.htm\"\u003eThe Jewish Question No. 3\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\nc. \u003ca href=\"ch06_3_c.htm\"\u003eCritical Battle Against the French Revolution\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\nd. \u003ca href=\"ch06_3_d.htm\"\u003eCritical Battle Against French Materialism\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\ne. \u003ca href=\"ch06_3_e.htm\"\u003eFinal Defeat of Socialism\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\nf. \u003ca href=\"ch06_3_f.htm\"\u003ePhilosophy of Self-Consciousness\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 7:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch07.htm\"\u003eCritical Criticism\u0027s Correspondence\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n1. \u003ca href=\"ch07.htm\"\u003eThe Critical Mass\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003cbr\u003e\r\n2. \u003ca href=\"ch07_2.htm\"\u003eThe \u0026#8220;Un-Critical Mass\u0026#8221; and \u0026#8220;Critical Criticism\u0026#8221;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\na. \u003ca href=\"ch07_2.htm#7.2.a\"\u003eThe \u0026#8220;Obdurate Mass\u0026#8221; and the \u0026#8220;Unsatisfied Mass\u0026#8221;\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nb. \u003ca href=\"ch07_2.htm#7.2.b\"\u003eThe \u0026#8220;Soft-Hearted\u0026#8221; Mass \u0026#8220;Pining for Redemption\u0026#8221;\u003c/a\u003e (by Engels)\u003cbr\u003e\r\nc. \u003ca href=\"ch07_2.htm#7.2.c\"\u003eGrace Bestowed on the Mass\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n3. \u003ca href=\"ch07_3.htm\"\u003eThe Un-Critically Critical Mass \u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cP\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 8:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch08.htm\"\u003eThe Earthly Course and Transfiguration of \u0026#8220;Critical Criticism\u0026#8221;, or \u0026#8220;Critical Criticism\u0026#8221; as Rudolph, Prince of Geroldstein\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n1. \u003ca href=\"ch08.htm#8.1\"\u003eCritical Transformation of a Butcher into a Dog\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n2. \u003ca href=\"ch08_2.htm\"\u003eRevelation of the Mystery of Critical Religion\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n3. \u003ca href=\"ch08_3.htm\"\u003eRevelation of the Mysteries of Law\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n4. \u003ca href=\"ch08_4.htm\"\u003eRevealed Mystery of the \u0026#8220;Standpoint\u0026#8221;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n5. \u003ca href=\"ch08_5.htm\"\u003eRevelation of Mystery of the Utilisation of Human Impulses\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n6. \u003ca href=\"ch08_6.htm\"\u003eRevelation of Mystery of Emancipation of Women\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n7. \u003ca href=\"ch08_7.htm\"\u003eRevelation of Political Economic Mysteries\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n8. \u003ca href=\"ch08_8.htm\"\u003eRudolph: Revealed Mystery of All Mysteries\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChapter 9:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"ch09.htm\"\u003eThe Critical Last Judgement\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"ch09.htm#9.1\"\u003eHistorical Epilogue\u003c/a\u003e (by Marx)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eExcerpt:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"english-materialism.htm\"\u003eEngland and Materialist Philosophy\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"footnote.htm\"\u003eFootnotes from the Foreign Languages Publishing House\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#160;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003chr\u003e\r\n\n \u003c/article\u003e"},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Core Thesis","Paragraphs":["Marx and Engels attack Young Hegelian idealism and redirect criticism toward real social relations, material needs, and proletarian politics."]},{"Kind":"FieldSection","Title":"Classification","Fields":[{"Label":"Alternate Titles","Value":"Critique of Critical Criticism"},{"Label":"Key Concepts","Value":"Friedrich Engels; Karl Marx; historical materialism; dialectics; class struggle; capitalism; socialism; communism; political economy; ideology; state; family; science; nature; religion; Manchester; Barmen"},{"Label":"Methodology","Value":"Historical analysis, political economy, social investigation, polemic, dialectical materialist reconstruction, journalism, and collaborative Marxist theory."},{"Label":"Structure","Value":"The page records an approved Engels work with visible date, coauthorship, posthumous, unfinished, essay, or transmission notes where needed."}]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Arguments","Paragraphs":["Marx and Engels attack Young Hegelian idealism and redirect criticism toward real social relations, material needs, and proletarian politics."]},{"Kind":"FieldSection","Title":"Influence","Fields":[{"Label":"Influenced By","Value":"Karl Marx, Hegel, Feuerbach, Moses Hess, British political economy, Manchester industrial capitalism, Chartism, and German radical criticism."},{"Label":"Influence On","Value":"Marxism, social democracy, Lenin, Rosa Luxemburg, Western Marxism, socialist historiography, materialist social theory, and philosophy of science debates."}]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Significance","Paragraphs":["Included as one of the direct or coauthored Engels work pages approved for the Friedrich Engels full-process update.","The work documents Engels\u0027s role in historical materialism, political economy, socialism, class analysis, science, religion critique, family theory, and Marxist reception."]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Evidence Note","Paragraphs":["Direct or coauthored work page approved in the Friedrich Engels update. Marx-only works, Engels-edited Marx volumes, collected editions, correspondence, individual letters, journalism fragments, military articles, modern translations, anthologies, catalog rows, biographies, and scholarship remain evidence/Other Voices."]}],"SectionSequence":["Back Link","Work Title","Deck","Author","Period","Era","Composition","Date Note","Region","Terra Avita","Terra Avita Region","Modern Country","Original Title","Language","Primary Discipline","Secondary Discipline","Tradition","Full Text","Core Thesis","Classification","Arguments","Influence","Significance","Evidence Note"],"Counts":{"ContextCards":3,"GeoCards":4,"DisciplineCards":2,"Links":11,"Sections":24,"Styles":2,"Scripts":1}}