- nests
- burrows
- reefs
- webs
- dams
- biofilms
- soil modification
- rhizosphere modification
- oxygenation or deoxygenation of local environments
Operational definition
Allocation function.
Biological work that persistently modifies the external physical, chemical, or biological environment in a way that changes subsequent conditions for the focal organism or other organisms.
Examples include:
- nests;
- burrows;
- reefs;
- webs;
- dams;
- biofilms;
- oxygenation of sediments;
- soil modification;
- rhizosphere alteration.
The category requires an environmentally consequential modification, not every incidental effect of existence.