Poland

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Poland’s history as a state began near the middle of the 10th century. By the mid-16th century, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ruled a vast tract of land in Central and Eastern Europe. During the 18th century, internal disorder weakened the nation, and in a series of agreements between 1772 and 1795, Russia, Prussia, and Austria partitioned Poland among themselves. Poland regained its independence in 1918 only to be overrun by Germany and the Soviet Union in World War II. It became a Soviet satellite state following the war. Labor turmoil in 1980 led to the formation of the independent trade union Solidarity that over time became a political force with over 10 million members. Free elections in 1989 and 1990 won Solidarity control of the parliament and the presidency, bringing the communist era to a close. A “shock therapy” program during the early 1990s enabled the country to transform its economy into one of the most robust in Central Europe. Poland joined NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004.

Current Country Profile

🇵🇱 Poland

ContinentEurope
RegionEast European Continental Core
Formation1918
Age108 years
Land Area313,970 sq km
Population
36.6M
Latest 2024
GDP
$917.77B
Latest 2024
GDP per Capita
$25K
Latest 2024
Terra Firma
Population
36.6M
Latest 2024
GDP
$917.77B
Latest 2024
GDP per Capita
$25K
Latest 2024
GNI per Capita
$22K
Latest 2024
Land Area
313,970 sq km
Western Europe
Current System
Democracy

Benchmark Shelf

Population
36.6M World 8.1B Europe 866.8M
GDP
$917.77B World $109.24T Europe $29.08T
GDP per Capita
$25K World $14K Europe $34K
Life Expectancy
78.4 World 73.4 Europe 79.1
Internet Users
88.6% World 72.6% Europe 91.5%
Urban Population
60.0% World 57.4% Europe 76.1%
Trade Openness
100.4% World 54.7% Europe 86.6%
CO2 per Capita
7.55 World 4.69 Europe 6.80

Trend Wall

Population
2000-2024
36.6M
Latest 2024-1.5M / 10y
GDP
2000-2024
$917.77B
Latest 2024+$375.63B / 10y
GDP per Capita
2000-2024
$25K
Latest 2024+$11K / 10y
Life Expectancy
2000-2024
78.4
Latest 2024+0.8 / 10yContinent 79.1
Internet Users
2000-2024
88.6%
Latest 2024+22.0 pts / 10yContinent 91.5%
Exports and Imports
2000-2024
$478.89B
Latest 2024Exports $478.89BImports $442.18BBalance $36.71B
ExportsImports
Fertility Rate
2000-2024
1.14
Latest 2024-0.18 / 10y
Urban Population
2000-2024
60.0%
Latest 2024-0.5 pts / 10y
Inflation
2000-2024
3.8%
Latest 2024+3.7 pts / 10y
Unemployment
2001-2025
3.0%
Latest 2025-4.5 pts / 10y
Electricity Access
1999-2023
100.0%
Latest 20230.0 pts / 10y
CO2 per Capita
2000-2024
7.55
Latest 2024-0.41 / 10y

Current Structure

Demographic Structure
Share of population
Child share 14.8%
Working-age share 65.1%
Elderly share 20.1%
Economic Structure
Share of value added
Agriculture 2.5%
Industry 27.2%
Services 59.1%
Other 11.1%
Land Use
Share of land area
Forest area 31.1%
Agricultural land 47.6%
Other land 21.3%
Electricity Mix
% of total electricity output
Fossil electricity 82.2%
Nuclear electricity 0.0%
Hydroelectricity 1.7%
Other renewables 15.7%
Energy Use Mix
% of total energy use
Fossil fuel energy 83.2%
Alternative and nuclear energy 3.9%
Combustible renewables and waste 12.9%

Milestone Timeline

Formation
1918
Independence
Poland regained its independence in 1918 only to be overrun by Germany and the Soviet Union in World War II.
1945
War milestone
1980
Independence
Labor turmoil in 1980 led to the formation of the independent trade union Solidarity that over time became a political force with over 10 million members.
Regime
1947
Constitution adopted
1947
Shift to Autocracy
1952
Constitution adopted
1989
Election crisis
Free elections in 1989 and 1990 won Solidarity control of the parliament and the presidency, bringing the communist era to a close.
External
1999
NATO milestone
Poland joined NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004.

Historical Footing

Before the modern state
1772 to 1917
Poland’s history as a state began near the middle of the 10th century.
State formation
1918
The modern sovereign-state footing used here begins in 1918.
Current footing
1918 to present
Today Poland sits in East European Continental Core, with a current system of Democracy.

Annual Explorer

Health
Infant Mortality
3.6
2024
-0.7 / 10y
W 19.0
C 4.4
Under-5 Mortality
4.2
2024
-0.8 / 10y
W 24.7
C 5.2
Maternal Mortality
2.0
2023
0.0 / 10y
W 111.8
C 8.0
Physicians
4.03
2023
+1.80 / 10y
W 1.41
C 3.81
Hospital Beds
6.04
2022
-0.56 / 10y
W 4.16
C 5.07
Measles Immunization
92.0%
2024
-5.0 pts / 10y
W 88.9%
C 93.4%
Education
Secondary Enrollment
107.9%
2024
-2.1 pts / 10y
W 83.4%
C 103.8%
Tertiary Enrollment
80.9%
2024
+10.7 pts / 10y
W 51.1%
C 72.9%
Researchers
3,675.1
2023
+1,806.7 / 10y
W 2,253.0
C 3,863.9
Adult Literacy
98.7%
1978
W 91.1%
C 98.7%
Environment
CO2 Emissions
276,062
2024
-26,508 / 10y
W 37,916,447
C 5,832,517
Demography
Population Growth
-0.3%
2024
-0.3 pts / 10y
W 1.0%
C 0.3%
Density
116.4
2024
-8.5 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Median Age
41.3
2023
+3.7 / 10y
W 30.8
C 40.9
Net Migration
-330,820
2025
-334,707 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Connectivity
Mobile Subscriptions
138.0
2024
-10.7 / 10y
W 110.2
C 135.9
Fixed Broadband
25.4
2024
+6.5 / 10y
W 19.9
C 34.3
Secure Servers
41,131.9
2024
+40,450.7 / 10y
W 16,260.9
C 52,740.7
Economy
GDP Growth
3.0%
2024
-0.9 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Labor Force Participation
58.3%
2025
+1.2 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a

Deep Data

Demography

Demography summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Child Share14.8%202433.4%196033.4%196014.8%2024-0.3 pts / 10y-5.4 pts / 25y25y24.8%16.3%WorldBankWdi
Fertility Rate1.1420243.6519503.7019511.142024-0.18 / 10y-0.23 / 25y25y2.171.42WorldBankWdi
Elderly Share20.1%20245.8%196020.1%20245.8%1960+5.3 pts / 10y+8.1 pts / 25y25y10.2%19.0%WorldBankWdi
Net Migration-330,8202025-18,5141950967,7442022-330,8202025-334,707 / 10y-314,899 / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Working-Age Share65.1%202460.8%196071.4%201060.7%1961-5.0 pts / 10y-2.8 pts / 25y25y65.1%64.6%WorldBankWdi
Population Growth-0.3%20241.7%19502.2%1957-1.4%2021-0.3 pts / 10y-0.3 pts / 25y25y1.0%0.3%WorldBankWdi
Population36.6M202423.9M191838.7M199823.8M1919-1.5M / 10y-2.1M / 25y25y8.1B866.8MWorldBankWdi
Density116.4202476.21918126.6202375.81919-8.5 / 10y-8.6 / 25y25yn/an/aDerived
Median Age41.3202324.8195041.3202324.81950+3.7 / 10y+7.6 / 25y25y30.840.9UNWorldPopulationProspects
Urban Population60.0%202448.1%196061.8%200248.1%1960-0.5 pts / 10y-1.8 pts / 25y25y57.4%76.1%WorldBankWdi
Demography year by year 1918–2025 · 108 years · 10 metrics
Year Child ShareFertility RateElderly ShareNet MigrationWorking-Age SharePopulation GrowthPopulationDensityMedian AgeUrban Population
191823.9M76.2
191923.8M75.8
192023.8M75.8
192123.9M76.2
192224.2M77.0
192324.6M78.3
192425.0M79.6
192525.4M80.9
192625.8M82.2
192726.2M83.6
192826.7M85.0
192927.1M86.2
193027.4M87.2
193127.7M88.1
193227.9M88.8
193328.1M89.4
193428.2M90.0
193528.4M90.5
193628.6M91.1
193728.8M91.7
193829.0M92.2
193929.0M92.3
194028.9M92.0
194128.6M91.2
194228.2M89.9
194327.7M88.2
194427.2M86.6
194526.7M85.0
194626.2M83.4
194725.7M81.8
194825.2M80.2
194924.9M79.3
19503.65-18,5141.7%24.8M80.924.8
19513.70-19,9361.8%25.2M82.424.9
19523.64-22,3461.7%25.7M83.825.0
19533.59-25,9941.8%26.1M85.325.1
19543.55-26,7111.8%26.6M86.825.1
19553.56-28,1671.8%27.1M88.425.2
19563.46-29,6201.7%27.5M89.925.3
19573.5097,7192.2%28.1M91.725.3
19583.3918,1031.8%28.6M93.525.4
19593.25-24,2041.6%29.1M95.125.5
196033.4%2.985.8%-6,30660.8%1.4%29.6M96.625.648.1%
196133.4%2.836.0%-20,04460.7%1.1%30.0M97.925.848.6%
196233.0%2.726.2%-31,02160.8%1.1%30.3M99.125.949.1%
196332.5%2.706.4%-13,77061.2%1.3%30.7M100.226.149.5%
196431.9%2.576.6%-23,27361.6%1.4%31.1M101.226.349.9%
196531.1%2.526.8%-21,65862.0%1.0%31.4M102.226.550.2%
196630.3%2.347.1%-17,15862.5%0.7%31.7M103.126.750.6%
196729.5%2.337.4%-25,47963.1%1.0%32.0M103.926.950.9%
196828.6%2.247.7%-11,90563.7%1.0%32.3M104.827.151.2%
196927.8%2.208.0%-26,74464.3%0.8%32.5M105.627.251.6%
197026.9%2.208.2%-66,85964.9%0.4%32.7M106.327.352.1%
197126.1%2.258.5%-31,76765.5%0.4%32.8M107.027.352.6%
197225.4%2.248.8%-15,00465.9%0.8%33.1M107.927.253.2%
197324.8%2.269.0%-29,33566.2%0.9%33.4M108.927.253.9%
197424.3%2.269.3%-18,27366.4%1.0%33.7M109.927.254.6%
197524.0%2.279.5%-31,34666.4%1.0%34.0M110.927.455.3%
197624.0%2.309.7%-25,71666.3%1.0%34.4M112.027.656.0%
197724.0%2.239.9%-33,49666.1%1.0%34.7M113.127.856.7%
197824.0%2.2110.0%-62,93666.0%0.8%35.0M114.128.057.2%
197924.1%2.2810.2%-22,16265.8%0.8%35.2M115.128.357.7%
198024.3%2.2810.1%-42,42065.6%0.9%35.6M116.228.558.2%
198124.5%2.2410.0%-16,15565.6%0.9%35.9M117.228.858.7%
198224.7%2.349.8%-34,98065.5%0.9%36.2M118.329.159.2%
198325.0%2.429.6%-26,72465.4%0.9%36.6M119.429.359.6%
198425.3%2.379.5%-18,40265.3%0.9%36.9M120.529.660.1%
198525.5%2.339.4%-27,27765.1%0.8%37.2M121.529.860.4%
198625.6%2.229.4%-22,52064.9%0.7%37.5M122.330.160.7%
198725.6%2.159.5%-32,31064.8%0.6%37.7M123.030.461.0%
198825.5%2.139.7%-101,67164.8%0.4%37.8M123.530.761.1%
198925.3%2.089.9%-49,19264.8%0.4%38.0M123.931.161.2%
199025.0%2.0610.1%-50,33964.9%0.4%38.1M124.331.461.3%
199124.6%2.0710.3%-55,34265.1%0.4%38.2M124.631.861.4%
199224.3%1.9510.5%-46,89365.3%0.3%38.4M124.932.161.4%
199323.9%1.8710.6%-48,80565.5%0.3%38.5M125.132.461.5%
199423.4%1.8110.9%-41,84565.8%0.2%38.5M125.232.761.5%
199522.8%1.6211.1%-52,98966.0%0.1%38.6M125.332.961.6%
199622.2%1.5911.4%-45,34966.4%0.1%38.6M125.333.261.6%
199721.6%1.5111.6%-44,23066.8%0.1%38.6M125.233.561.7%
199820.9%1.4411.8%-39,50967.3%0.0%38.7M125.233.761.7%
199920.2%1.3712.0%-53,03567.8%0.0%38.7M125.034.061.7%
200019.4%1.3712.2%-15,92168.3%-1.0%38.3M124.934.361.7%
200118.7%1.3112.5%-16,64868.8%0.0%38.2M124.934.561.8%
200218.1%1.2512.7%-16,46269.2%0.0%38.2M124.934.861.8%
200317.5%1.2212.9%-19,03969.6%-0.1%38.2M124.835.161.7%
200417.0%1.2313.1%-38,21670.0%-0.1%38.2M124.735.361.7%
200516.5%1.2413.2%-41,94270.3%0.0%38.2M124.535.661.5%
200616.0%1.2713.4%-68,88270.6%-0.1%38.1M124.335.961.4%
200715.7%1.3113.5%-51,23570.9%-0.1%38.1M124.236.161.3%
200815.4%1.3913.5%-42,28871.1%0.0%38.1M124.136.461.1%
200915.2%1.4013.5%-8,28371.3%0.1%38.2M124.136.761.0%
201015.1%1.4113.6%119,62371.4%-0.3%38.0M124.436.960.8%
201115.2%1.3313.7%45,95171.1%0.1%38.1M124.837.160.7%
201215.1%1.3314.0%4,63570.8%0.0%38.1M124.937.360.6%
201315.1%1.2914.4%12,40270.5%-0.1%38.0M125.037.660.5%
201415.1%1.3214.9%5,52570.0%-0.1%38.0M125.038.060.4%
201515.1%1.3215.4%3,88769.5%-0.1%38.0M125.038.360.3%
201615.1%1.3915.9%-5,67569.0%0.0%38.0M125.038.760.2%
201715.2%1.4816.5%-21,53568.3%0.0%38.0M124.939.060.1%
201815.3%1.4617.0%-22367.7%0.0%38.0M124.939.460.1%
201915.4%1.4417.6%7,69667.0%0.0%38.0M124.839.760.0%
202015.5%1.3918.1%3,92066.4%-1.2%37.5M124.740.159.9%
202115.5%1.3318.5%2,25166.0%-1.4%37.0M124.240.559.8%
202215.3%1.2919.0%967,74465.7%-0.4%36.8M125.440.959.8%
202315.1%1.2019.6%-7,82465.3%-0.4%36.7M126.641.359.9%
202414.8%1.1420.1%-238,06265.1%-0.3%36.6M116.460.0%
2025-330,820

Economy

Economy summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Labor Force Participation58.3%202561.1%199061.3%199154.0%2007+1.2 pts / 10y+2.8 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Unemployment3.0%202513.6%199120.2%20022.7%2023-4.5 pts / 10y-12.0 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Industry Value Added27.2%202433.7%199533.7%199526.7%2002-2.7 pts / 10y-3.2 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Agriculture Value Added2.5%20245.7%19955.7%19952.2%2021-0.4 pts / 10y-0.8 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Services Value Added59.1%202448.8%199559.1%202448.8%1995+3.4 pts / 10y+5.0 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
GDP Growth3.0%2024-7.0%19917.9%1995-7.0%1991-0.9 pts / 10y-1.7 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
GDP$917.77B2024$65.98B1990$917.77B2024$65.98B1990+$375.63B / 10y+$747.06B / 25y25y$109.24T$29.08TWorldBankWdi
GDP per Capita$25K2024$2K1990$25K2024$2K1990+$11K / 10y+$21K / 25y25y$14K$34KWorldBankWdi
Inflation3.8%20241.1%1971567.9%1990-0.9%2015+3.7 pts / 10y-3.4 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
GNI per Capita$22K2024$2K1992$22K2024$2K1992+$8K / 10y+$17K / 25y25y$14K$32KWorldBankWdi
Economy year by year 1918–2025 · 108 years · 10 metrics
Year Labor Force ParticipationUnemploymentIndustry Value AddedAgriculture Value AddedServices Value AddedGDP GrowthGDPGDP per CapitaInflationGNI per Capita
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
19711.1%
1972-0.1%
19732.5%
19747.1%
19752.3%
19764.4%
19774.9%
19788.1%
19797.0%
19809.7%
198119.1%
1982103.6%
198325.5%
198415.4%
198511.5%
198616.5%
198726.4%
198858.7%
1989244.6%
199061.1%$65.98B$2K567.9%
199161.3%13.6%-7.0%$85.50B$2K76.8%
199261.0%13.6%2.5%$94.34B$2K46.1%$2K
199360.4%14.4%3.7%$96.04B$2K37.0%$2K
199459.7%14.8%5.3%$110.80B$3K33.0%$3K
199558.7%13.7%33.7%5.7%48.8%7.9%$142.84B$4K28.0%$3K
199658.1%12.7%32.4%5.3%50.3%6.1%$160.81B$4K19.8%$4K
199757.2%11.0%31.7%4.6%51.9%6.4%$159.89B$4K14.9%$4K
199856.7%9.9%31.4%4.0%53.3%4.6%$175.28B$5K11.6%$4K
199956.1%12.3%30.5%3.4%54.2%4.7%$170.70B$4K7.2%$4K
200055.5%14.9%28.8%3.2%56.8%4.7%$172.95B$5K9.9%$5K
200156.2%18.4%27.4%3.3%58.3%1.2%$191.82B$5K5.4%$5K
200255.4%20.2%26.7%2.8%58.8%1.9%$199.69B$5K1.9%$5K
200354.9%19.9%27.5%2.7%57.9%3.5%$218.56B$6K0.7%$6K
200454.6%18.8%29.2%3.3%56.0%5.1%$256.27B$7K3.4%$6K
200554.8%17.6%29.1%3.0%55.9%3.3%$307.00B$8K2.2%$7K
200654.2%13.8%29.2%2.7%55.7%6.2%$345.90B$9K1.3%$8K
200754.0%9.6%29.3%3.1%54.9%6.8%$429.72B$11K2.5%$10K
200854.6%7.1%28.8%2.6%55.8%4.4%$535.61B$14K4.2%$12K
200955.3%8.1%30.0%2.6%56.2%2.6%$440.89B$12K3.8%$13K
201056.2%9.6%29.7%2.9%55.3%3.2%$478.11B$13K2.6%$13K
201156.4%9.6%30.4%3.2%54.3%5.3%$527.85B$14K4.2%$13K
201256.8%10.0%30.2%3.0%55.3%1.5%$498.15B$13K3.6%$13K
201356.7%10.3%28.7%3.2%56.7%0.7%$518.18B$14K1.0%$13K
201457.1%9.0%29.9%3.0%55.7%3.9%$542.13B$14K0.1%$14K
201557.1%7.5%31.0%2.5%55.3%4.4%$480.05B$13K-0.9%$13K
201657.3%6.1%30.7%2.6%55.1%3.0%$473.26B$12K-0.7%$13K
201757.6%4.9%28.8%3.0%56.1%5.2%$528.36B$14K2.1%$13K
201857.5%3.8%28.9%2.4%56.4%6.2%$594.62B$16K1.8%$14K
201957.5%3.3%28.8%2.4%56.8%4.6%$602.68B$16K2.2%$16K
202057.4%3.2%28.6%2.6%57.1%-2.0%$605.91B$16K3.4%$16K
202158.7%3.3%28.5%2.2%56.5%6.9%$689.17B$19K5.1%$17K
202258.9%2.8%29.2%2.8%57.2%5.3%$695.61B$19K14.4%$19K
202359.2%2.7%29.4%2.8%58.2%0.2%$812.45B$22K11.5%$20K
202458.7%2.8%27.2%2.5%59.1%3.0%$917.77B$25K3.8%$22K
202558.3%3.0%

Trade

Trade summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Trade Openness100.4%202443.6%1995123.0%202243.6%1995+8.3 pts / 10y+46.5 pts / 25y25y54.7%86.6%Derived
Imports$442.18B2024$29.57B1995$442.18B2024$29.57B1995+$193.81B / 10y+$391.13B / 25y25y$29.11T$12.07TWorldBankWdi
Exports$478.89B2024$32.64B1995$478.89B2024$32.64B1995+$228.31B / 10y+$437.93B / 25y25y$29.85T$13.10TWorldBankWdi
Trade year by year 1918–2024 · 107 years · 3 metrics
Year Trade OpennessImportsExports
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
199543.6%$29.57B$32.64B
199645.4%$37.62B$35.35B
199750.4%$43.37B$37.18B
199856.5%$53.79B$45.33B
199953.9%$51.04B$40.96B
200060.6%$58.00B$46.82B
200157.9%$59.12B$51.90B
200260.8%$64.25B$57.16B
200369.2%$78.63B$72.65B
200471.0%$94.61B$87.29B
200570.3%$109.86B$105.99B
200677.7%$138.51B$130.26B
200780.7%$181.66B$165.32B
200880.6%$229.81B$201.76B
200975.0%$167.38B$163.15B
201082.2%$202.40B$190.73B
201186.9%$235.45B$223.38B
201288.8%$223.21B$219.30B
201390.4%$231.37B$237.16B
201492.0%$248.37B$250.58B
201592.3%$216.47B$226.40B
201696.9%$222.24B$236.19B
2017100.6%$258.23B$273.12B
2018102.4%$298.56B$310.58B
2019101.6%$295.12B$317.09B
202099.3%$283.72B$317.70B
2021110.9%$371.02B$393.09B
2022123.0%$422.02B$433.73B
2023110.0%$423.64B$470.26B
2024100.4%$442.18B$478.89B

Connectivity

Connectivity summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Fixed Broadband25.420240.0200125.420240.02001+6.5 / 10y+25.3 / 23y23y19.934.3WorldBankWdi
Secure Servers41,131.92024155.0201041,131.92024155.02010+40,450.7 / 10y+40,976.8 / 14y14y16,260.952,740.7WorldBankWdi
Mobile Subscriptions138.020240.01960148.920130.01960-10.7 / 10y+127.7 / 25y25y110.2135.9WorldBankWdi
Internet Users88.6%20240.0%199088.6%20240.0%1990+22.0 pts / 10y+83.1 pts / 25y25y72.6%91.5%WorldBankWdi
Electricity Access100.0%2023100.0%1990100.0%202399.8%20050.0 pts / 10y0.0 pts / 25y25y91.6%100.0%WorldBankWdi
Connectivity year by year 1918–2024 · 107 years · 5 metrics
Year Fixed BroadbandSecure ServersMobile SubscriptionsInternet UsersElectricity Access
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
19600.0
1961
1962
1963
1964
19650.0
1966
1967
1968
1969
19700.0
1971
1972
1973
1974
19750.0
19760.0
19770.0
19780.0
19790.0
19800.0
19810.0
19820.0
19830.0
19840.0
19850.0
19860.0
19870.0
19880.0
19890.0
19900.00.0%100.0%
19910.00.0%100.0%
19920.00.1%100.0%
19930.00.1%100.0%
19940.10.4%100.0%
19950.20.6%100.0%
19960.61.3%100.0%
19972.12.1%100.0%
19985.04.1%100.0%
199910.35.5%100.0%
200017.67.3%100.0%
20010.026.29.9%100.0%
20020.336.421.2%100.0%
20030.545.524.9%99.9%
20042.360.532.5%99.9%
20052.576.538.8%99.8%
20067.696.544.6%99.8%
200711.0108.948.6%99.8%
200811.7115.653.1%99.8%
200914.7117.959.0%100.0%
201015.4155.0123.262.3%100.0%
201118.2227.4131.361.9%100.0%
201218.0399.3141.462.3%100.0%
201318.4517.7148.962.8%100.0%
201418.9681.1148.766.6%100.0%
201519.0955.8142.568.0%100.0%
201619.22,492.5138.573.3%100.0%
201720.06,534.9131.976.0%100.0%
201820.516,227.1126.377.5%100.0%
201920.520,606.1126.680.4%100.0%
202021.925,438.7129.383.2%100.0%
202122.831,394.4133.085.4%100.0%
202223.834,772.6137.086.9%100.0%
202324.537,341.0135.186.4%100.0%
202425.441,131.9138.088.6%

Education

Education summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Adult Literacy98.7%197898.7%197898.7%197898.7%1978start91.1%98.7%WorldBankWdi
Researchers3,675.120231,367.919963,721.120221,367.91996+1,806.7 / 10y+2,209.8 / 25y25y2,253.03,863.9WorldBankWdi
Secondary Enrollment107.9%2024101.7%2001112.6%202098.5%2004-2.1 pts / 10y+6.2 pts / 23y23y83.4%103.8%WorldBankWdi
Tertiary Enrollment80.9%202456.3%200180.9%202456.3%2001+10.7 pts / 10y+24.6 pts / 23y23y51.1%72.9%WorldBankWdi
Education year by year 1918–2024 · 107 years · 4 metrics
Year Adult LiteracyResearchersSecondary EnrollmentTertiary Enrollment
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
197898.7%
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
19961,367.9
19971,449.6
19981,465.3
19991,473.0
20001,442.0
20011,467.8101.7%56.3%
20021,483.3103.7%59.5%
20031,533.2106.3%60.6%
20041,595.898.5%61.7%
20051,629.6101.1%63.8%
20061,563.5100.6%65.1%
20071,614.0100.3%66.9%
20081,626.4100.0%70.3%
20091,608.499.6%72.7%
20101,697.0100.2%76.6%
20111,679.9100.6%75.8%
20121,752.1100.6%75.0%
20131,868.3111.5%73.3%
20142,054.7110.0%70.2%
20152,158.4109.4%69.4%
20162,304.0109.1%69.9%
20172,994.9109.5%70.6%
20183,079.5110.5%71.0%
20193,159.1109.8%70.9%
20203,260.2112.6%71.0%
20213,558.2110.5%72.2%
20223,721.1108.5%75.3%
20233,675.1108.4%76.9%
2024107.9%80.9%

Health

Health summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Physicians4.0320231.0019604.0320231.001960+1.80 / 10y+1.68 / 25y25y1.413.81WorldBankWdi
Hospital Beds6.0420224.6019606.6820094.601960-0.56 / 10y+0.64 / 25y25y4.165.07WorldBankWdi
Measles Immunization92.0%202492.0%198099.0%200691.0%2021-5.0 pts / 10y-5.0 pts / 25y25y88.9%93.4%WorldBankWdi
Maternal Mortality2.0202319.0198519.019862.020110.0 / 10y-7.0 / 25y25y111.88.0WorldBankWdi
Life Expectancy78.4202458.3195078.4202458.31950+0.8 / 10y+5.4 / 25y25y73.479.1WorldBankWdi
Infant Mortality3.6202457.8196057.819603.62024-0.7 / 10y-5.1 / 25y25y19.04.4WorldBankWdi
Under-5 Mortality4.2202464.9196064.919604.22024-0.8 / 10y-5.8 / 25y25y24.75.2WorldBankWdi
Health year by year 1918–2024 · 107 years · 7 metrics
Year PhysiciansHospital BedsMeasles ImmunizationMaternal MortalityLife ExpectancyInfant MortalityUnder-5 Mortality
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
195058.3
195158.9
195259.7
195361.3
195462.3
195563.1
195663.4
195764.4
195864.9
195966.4
19601.004.6067.757.864.9
19611.0067.853.560.1
19621.1067.450.056.1
19631.1068.446.752.4
19641.2068.643.548.9
19651.2069.440.645.7
19661.3069.838.142.9
19671.3069.436.140.6
19681.4070.234.538.8
19691.4069.733.237.5
19701.405.2069.931.936.1
19711.5069.630.434.3
19721.5070.728.632.3
19731.5070.727.030.5
19741.6071.125.729.1
19751.6070.624.627.9
19761.6070.723.827.0
19771.7070.423.126.2
19781.7070.422.425.5
19791.7070.821.724.7
19801.805.6092.0%70.121.124.0
19811.8093.0%71.120.523.3
19821.8093.0%71.119.922.6
19831.9094.0%71.019.321.9
19841.9094.0%70.818.521.1
19852.005.7092.0%19.070.517.820.3
19862.0092.0%19.070.817.219.6
19872.1094.0%18.070.916.618.9
198895.0%18.071.316.118.3
198995.0%18.071.015.617.9
19902.155.7095.0%18.070.915.217.4
19912.175.7094.0%18.070.614.816.9
19922.195.6095.0%16.071.114.416.5
19932.235.6095.0%15.071.613.915.9
19942.295.6096.0%14.071.713.315.3
19952.335.5096.0%12.071.912.514.4
19962.375.5097.0%11.072.211.513.2
19972.385.4097.0%10.072.610.412.0
19982.355.3097.0%9.073.09.410.9
19992.295.1097.0%8.073.08.710.0
20002.2297.0%7.073.78.19.3
20012.2797.0%6.074.27.68.8
20022.3098.0%5.074.57.38.4
20032.436.6897.0%5.074.67.08.1
20042.296.6797.0%4.074.86.87.8
20052.146.5398.0%4.075.06.57.6
20062.186.4899.0%4.075.16.37.3
20072.206.4498.0%3.075.26.07.0
20082.176.6498.0%3.075.55.86.7
20092.186.6898.0%3.075.75.46.3
20102.186.6098.0%3.076.25.16.0
20112.206.6098.0%2.076.74.95.7
20122.226.6098.0%2.076.74.75.4
20132.236.5798.0%2.077.04.55.2
20142.296.5897.0%2.077.64.35.0
20152.316.5996.0%2.077.54.24.9
20162.406.5996.0%2.077.94.14.8
20172.366.5894.0%2.077.84.04.6
20182.346.4993.0%2.077.63.94.5
20193.286.1393.0%2.077.93.84.5
20203.306.1592.0%3.076.43.84.4
20213.426.2291.0%2.075.43.74.4
20223.426.0491.0%2.077.23.74.3
20234.0392.0%2.078.33.74.3
202492.0%78.43.64.2

Environment

Environment summary
MetricLatestLatest YearStartPeakLow10y25yWorldContinentSourceTrend
Agricultural Land47.6%202366.3%196166.3%196146.3%2022+0.5 pts / 10y-12.6 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Renewable Electricity17.5%20211.1%199018.4%20201.1%1990+9.1 pts / 10y+16.0 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Fossil Fuel Energy0.0%202497.8%199098.0%19910.0%2016-90.1 pts / 10y-96.3 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
CO2 Emissions276,0622024309,1131970478,2041987276,0622024-26,508 / 10y-48,590 / 25y25y37,916,4475,832,517WorldBankWdi
CO2 per Capita7.5520249.46197012.8319807.552024-0.41 / 10y-0.85 / 25y25y4.696.80WorldBankWdi
Forest Area31.1%202329.0%199031.1%202329.0%1990+0.4 pts / 10y+1.6 pts / 25y25yn/an/aWorldBankWdi
Environment year by year 1918–2024 · 107 years · 6 metrics
Year Agricultural LandRenewable ElectricityFossil Fuel EnergyCO2 EmissionsCO2 per CapitaForest Area
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
196166.3%
196266.2%
196365.9%
196465.7%
196565.1%
196665.1%
196764.7%
196864.6%
196963.9%
197063.8%309,1139.46
197163.7%317,5669.69
197263.2%330,89510.01
197363.1%348,58310.45
197462.9%361,74810.74
197562.8%376,96611.08
197662.7%401,70311.69
197762.6%416,31312.00
197862.4%444,21312.70
197962.2%444,83612.62
198062.1%456,30512.83
198161.7%418,96411.67
198261.7%425,20011.74
198361.6%429,17211.74
198461.8%444,48312.04
198561.8%454,63412.22
198661.6%462,24512.34
198761.6%478,20412.70
198861.4%468,01312.37
198961.4%447,10911.78
199061.4%1.1%97.8%371,5259.7529.0%
199161.2%1.1%98.0%369,2339.6529.1%
199261.2%1.2%98.0%360,3249.3929.1%
199361.1%1.2%95.6%360,7669.3829.2%
199461.1%1.3%95.4%354,6639.2029.2%
199560.8%1.4%95.4%356,4429.2429.3%
199660.3%1.4%95.9%372,4509.6429.3%
199760.3%1.5%96.0%362,6689.3829.4%
199860.2%1.8%96.1%334,0678.6429.5%
199960.2%1.7%96.3%324,6518.4029.5%
200060.1%3.0%96.2%313,0278.1829.6%
200158.1%3.2%95.9%309,7608.1029.7%
200255.2%3.0%95.9%302,5157.9129.8%
200352.8%2.6%96.2%315,3028.2529.8%
200453.3%3.1%95.9%317,4878.3229.9%
200551.9%3.5%96.0%317,0988.3130.0%
200652.1%3.3%95.8%330,7518.6730.1%
200750.5%3.8%95.1%330,3018.6630.2%
200850.9%4.7%94.2%324,5788.5130.3%
200951.0%6.2%93.3%311,3798.1630.4%
201047.2%7.4%92.4%329,3838.6630.5%
201148.3%8.4%92.1%326,9388.5930.5%
201247.4%10.8%91.1%319,7278.4030.6%
201347.1%10.8%91.1%315,0908.2830.6%
201447.1%12.9%90.1%302,5707.9630.7%
201546.9%14.2%90.0%305,7948.0530.8%
201646.9%14.0%0.0%316,7288.3430.8%
201747.2%14.4%0.0%330,2228.7030.9%
201847.4%13.0%0.0%329,6338.6830.9%
201947.4%16.0%0.0%312,0718.2230.9%
202048.1%18.4%0.0%296,8807.9131.0%
202147.4%17.5%0.0%324,0128.7631.0%
202246.3%0.0%307,9628.3631.1%
202347.6%0.0%280,6507.6531.1%
20240.0%276,0627.55
Generated 2026-04-12T13:35:06.0891595Z
Sources: CiaWorldLeaders | ConstituteChronology | CountryPageNarrative | CowStateSystem | GeoBoundariesADM0 | Polity5 | Roster | SiteModernCountryData | UNWorldPopulationProspects | WorldBankMetadata | WorldBankWdi