Operational definition

Energy-conversion mechanism.

The conversion of photon energy into a biologically conserved form through excitation of a photoactive molecule.

The immediate conserved result may be:

Photochemical conversion is the first conversion step of phototrophy. It precedes ATP production or carbon fixation.

21.1 Molecular excitation

hν → excited pigment

21.2 Charge separation

excited reaction center → separated electron and hole

21.3 Light-driven ion pumping

hν → Δ μ_ion