Interaction – SAT – Evidence – Observables

1. Magnitude Observables

Every item listed:

• Is directly observable
• Involves multiple agents
• Is quantitative
• Reflects interdependence
• Requires no formal encoding

If something:

• Requires expectations → Information
• Requires strategy mappings → Structure
• Evolves as learning → Dynamics
• Restricts feasibility → Constraint
• Assigns desirability → Evaluation

…it does not belong here.

SAT – Evidence – Observables – Magnitude – Interaction (Markets, Strategy & Mechanisms)

Property Category	Property	Observable	Value Type	Value	Reference Domain	Measurement Context	Bounds / Admissible Range	Resolution / Precision	Normalization / Baseline	Aggregation Rule	Measurement Method / Instrument	Uncertainty / Error Characterization	Revision / Update Status	Source Type
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Monetary payoffs received by each agent	Level	Payoff amount	Single entity (agent)	Timepoint	ℝ	Smallest currency increment	NULL	NULL	Transaction / settlement record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Physical goods received	Level	Quantity received	Single entity (agent)	Timepoint	≥ 0	Smallest quantity unit	NULL	NULL	Delivery / transaction record	Counting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Losses incurred	Period-total	Loss amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Financial record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Gains realized	Period-total	Gain amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Financial record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Revenues earned	Period-total	Revenue amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Accounting record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Costs paid	Period-total	Cost amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Accounting / transaction record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Profits or losses realized	Period-total	Net profit/loss amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	ℝ	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Accounting record	Valuation error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Rewards issued	Period-total	Reward amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Disbursement record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Penalties imposed	Period-total	Penalty amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Enforcement / billing record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Outcome allocations across agents	Level	Allocation vector	Multi-entity (agents)	Timepoint	≥ 0 per component	Smallest allocable unit	NULL	NULL	Allocation / settlement record	Allocation error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Distribution of joint outcomes	Level	Outcome distribution	Multi-entity (agents)	Timepoint	≥ 0 per component	Smallest allocable unit	NULL	NULL	Settlement / outcome record	Allocation error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Payoff magnitude	Final settlement amounts	Level	Settlement amount	Single entity (agent)	Timepoint	ℝ	Smallest currency increment	NULL	NULL	Settlement record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Quantity supplied	Period-total	Quantity supplied	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest quantity unit	NULL	Sum	Transaction / production record	Measurement error	Final	Observational
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Quantity demanded	Period-total	Quantity demanded	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest quantity unit	NULL	Sum	Transaction / order record	Reporting error	Final	Observational
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Bid amounts	Level	Bid value	Single entity (agent)	Timepoint	≥ 0	Smallest bid increment	NULL	NULL	Auction record	Strategic noise	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Ask amounts	Level	Ask value	Single entity (agent)	Timepoint	≥ 0	Smallest ask increment	NULL	NULL	Order book / listing record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Production levels	Period-total	Production quantity	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest quantity unit	NULL	Sum	Production record	Measurement error	Final	Observational
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Output levels	Period-total	Output quantity	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest quantity unit	NULL	Sum	Output accounting record	Measurement error	Final	Observational
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Effort hours supplied	Period-total	Hours worked	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest time unit	NULL	Sum	Timekeeping record	Reporting error	Final	Observational
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Capacity utilization	Density / Intensity	Utilization ratio	Single entity (agent)	Interval	[0,1]	Smallest measurable ratio change	Installed capacity	Mean	Capacity and output records	Estimation error	Final	Derived
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Advertising spend	Period-total	Spend amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Accounting / billing record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Search intensity	Density / Intensity	Search count per interval	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	One search action	NULL	Mean	Log / activity record	Logging error	Final	Observational
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Frequency of actions	Density / Intensity	Action count per interval	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	One action	NULL	Mean	Activity log	Counting error	Final	Observational
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Order size	Level	Quantity per order	Single entity (agent)	Timepoint	≥ 0	Smallest quantity unit	NULL	NULL	Transaction record	Measurement error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Action intensity / effort level	Rate of action (per time period)	Rate	Actions per time unit	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest time unit	NULL	Mean	Activity log	Timing error	Final	Observational
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Transaction prices paid	Level	Price amount	Single entity (agent)	Timepoint	≥ 0	Smallest price increment	NULL	NULL	Transaction record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Wages paid	Period-total	Wage amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Payroll record	Payroll error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Fees charged	Period-total	Fee amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Billing record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Transfers made	Period-total	Transfer amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Transfer record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Transfers received	Period-total	Transfer amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Transfer record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Fines paid	Period-total	Fine amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Enforcement / payment record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Subsidies received	Period-total	Subsidy amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Government transfer record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Royalties paid	Period-total	Royalty amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Licensing / payment record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Commissions paid	Period-total	Commission amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Commission / payroll record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Side payments	Period-total	Payment amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Contract / transaction record	Reporting error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Contract payments	Period-total	Payment amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Contractual payment record	Recording error	Final	Administrative
Magnitude	Transfer/payment size	Settlement transfers	Period-total	Transfer amount	Single entity (agent)	Interval	≥ 0	Smallest currency increment	NULL	Sum	Settlement record	Allocation error	Final	Administrative

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2. Structure Observables

Every item listed:

• Is directly observable
• Involves multiple agents
• Is relational
• Is non-quantitative
• Requires no formal representation

If something:

• Quantifies amounts → Magnitude
• Evolves through learning → Dynamics
• Restricts feasibility → Constraint
• Assigns desirability → Evaluation
• Encodes mathematically → Method

…it does not belong here.

SAT – Evidence – Observables – Structure – Interaction (Markets, Strategy & Mechanisms)

Property Category	Property	Observable	Elements	Relations	Configuration / Pattern Type	Topology	Dimensionality	Symmetry / Invariants	Hierarchy / Nesting	Role Labels	Ordering / Sequence Rule	Embedding / Representation Space	Structural Constraints	Granularity Level
Structure	Influence structure	Whose actions change whose payoffs	Agents, actions, payoffs	Action–payoff dependence relations	Directed influence graph	Directed connectivity	n-dimensional	Directional invariance	None	Influencer, affected	Unordered	Agent–payoff space	No self-dependence (if enforced)	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Whose actions change others’ available options	Agents, actions, option sets	Action–option dependence relations	Directed feasibility graph	Directed connectivity	n-dimensional	Directional invariance	None	Enabler, constrained	Unordered	Agent–option space	No circular enablement (if enforced)	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Observed reactions to specific agents’ actions	Agents	Response relations	Directed response mapping	Directed edges	n-dimensional	Agent-label invariance	None	Initiator, responder	Unordered	Agent–action space	One response per triggering action	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Directional dependence (A responds to B, not vice versa)	Agents	Asymmetric dependence relations	Asymmetric directed graph	One-way edges	n-dimensional	Asymmetry invariance	None	Source, target	Unordered	Agent interaction space	No reciprocal edge	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Asymmetric response patterns	Agents	Non-reciprocal response relations	Asymmetric interaction network	Directed acyclic or cyclic	n-dimensional	Asymmetry invariance	None	Dominant, subordinate	Unordered	Agent network space	Directionality preserved	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Presence or absence of mutual influence	Agents	Reciprocal vs non-reciprocal dependence relations	Mutual vs unilateral graph	Bidirectional vs unidirectional edges	n-dimensional	Reciprocity invariance	None	Mutually linked, unlinked	Unordered	Agent interaction graph	Mutual edges allowed or disallowed	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	One-sided vs two-sided dependence	Agents	Asymmetric vs symmetric dependence relations	Directed vs bidirectional graph	Edge symmetry pattern	n-dimensional	Symmetry/asymmetry invariance	None	Source, target	Unordered	Agent interaction space	Directionality preserved	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Chains of influence (A affects B, B affects C)	Agents	Transitive dependence relations	Directed path structure	Path connectivity	n-dimensional	Path invariance	Layered	Upstream, intermediate, downstream	Unordered	Agent network space	Admissible path formation	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Agents ignored by others’ actions	Agents	Absence of incoming relations	Isolated-node configuration	Disconnected nodes	n-dimensional	Isolation invariance	None	Isolated agent	Unordered	Agent network space	Zero in-degree admissibility	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Agents whose actions consistently provoke responses	Agents	Presence of outgoing relations	Star or hub configuration	Out-degree concentration	n-dimensional	Out-degree pattern invariance	None	Initiator, responder	Unordered	Agent network space	Outgoing edge admissibility	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Observable leadership or followership behavior	Agents	Directional response relations	Leader–follower graph	Directed edges	n-dimensional	Role-pattern invariance	Layered	Leader, follower	Unordered	Agent interaction space	Directional consistency	Micro
Structure	Influence structure	Contagion of actions across agents	Agents	Sequential influence relations	Cascade / diffusion network	Connected paths	n-dimensional	Propagation-pattern invariance	Layered	Source, spreader	Unordered	Agent network space	Admissible propagation paths	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Public announcements	Agents, messages	Broadcast relations	One-to-many information graph	Star topology	n-dimensional	Receiver symmetry	None	Sender, receiver	Unordered	Information network space	Universal accessibility	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Private messages	Agents, messages	Pairwise transmission relations	Dyadic information links	Disconnected pairs	n-dimensional	Pairwise invariance	None	Sender, recipient	Unordered	Information network space	Limited accessibility	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Signals observed by some agents but not others	Agents, signals	Partial observability relations	Asymmetric information partition	Overlapping visibility sets	n-dimensional	Visibility-pattern invariance	Nested	Informed, uninformed	Unordered	Information partition space	Selective observability	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Timing of information disclosure	Information events	Precedence relations	Staged disclosure structure	Linear or layered	1D (stage order)	Order invariance	Layered	Early, late	Fixed stage order	Information-event space	Stage admissibility	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Actions taken before vs after information release	Actions, information stages	Action–stage assignment	Stage-indexed action mapping	Disjoint stage domains	n-dimensional	Stage-label invariance	Layered	Pre-release, post-release	Fixed stage order	Action–information space	One stage per action	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Asymmetric access to information	Agents, information items	Visibility relations	Asymmetric observability structure	Overlapping access sets	n-dimensional	Access-pattern invariance	Nested	Informed, uninformed	Unordered	Information-access space	Selective observability	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Observable secrecy vs transparency	Information items	Visibility status relations	Binary visibility partition	Disjoint visible/hidden sets	n-dimensional	Visibility invariance	None	Secret, transparent	Unordered	Information space	Mutual exclusivity	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Delayed revelation of actions or outcomes	Actions, outcomes	Delayed observability relations	Lagged disclosure structure	Ordered reveal layers	n-dimensional	Delay-pattern invariance	Layered	Hidden, revealed	Fixed reveal order	Action–outcome space	Reveal-stage admissibility	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Observable signaling actions (costly displays, announcements)	Agents, signals	Emission–observation relations	Signaling network	Directed visibility graph	n-dimensional	Signal-form invariance	None	Sender, observer	Unordered	Information-action space	Observable emission required	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Responses conditioned on observed vs unobserved actions	Actions, responses	Observation–response correspondence	Observation-indexed mapping	Disjoint observability domains	n-dimensional	Observability invariance	None	Observed, unobserved	Unordered	Action–response space	One response per observability state	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Withheld information events	Information items	Non-disclosure relations	Concealment structure	Hidden-node configuration	n-dimensional	Concealment invariance	None	Withheld, available	Unordered	Information space	Non-disclosure admissibility	Micro
Structure	Information structure	Information leaks	Information items, agents	Unauthorized transmission relations	Leakage network	Partial broadcast graph	n-dimensional	Content invariance	None	Source, unintended recipient	Unordered	Information network space	Unauthorized access admissibility	Micro
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Market rules in force	Rules, agents	Applicability relations	Rule framework	Overlapping rule domains	n-dimensional	Rule identity invariance	Layered	Regulated, regulator	Unordered	Institutional rule space	Rule applicability	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Auction formats used	Agents, bids, rules	Rule–action applicability relations	Auction mechanism structure	Mechanism-specific connectivity	n-dimensional	Rule-form invariance	Layered	Bidder, seller	Mechanism-defined order	Institutional mechanism space	Format admissibility	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Contractual rules applied	Parties, clauses	Clause–party applicability relations	Contract structure	Clause connectivity	n-dimensional	Clause identity invariance	Layered	Contracting party	Unordered	Contract space	Clause admissibility	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Legal constraints enforced	Agents, legal rules	Rule–agent applicability relations	Legal framework	Overlapping jurisdictions	n-dimensional	Rule identity invariance	Layered	Regulated, regulator	Unordered	Legal–institutional space	Jurisdictional admissibility	Macro
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Pricing rules (posted price, bargaining, auction)	Agents, pricing protocols	Protocol–transaction relations	Pricing mechanism structure	Protocol-specific topology	n-dimensional	Protocol identity invariance	Layered	Buyer, seller	Protocol-defined order	Pricing-rule space	Protocol admissibility	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Turn-taking rules	Agents, turns	Turn-allocation relations	Sequential interaction structure	Linear or cyclic order	1D (turn order)	Order invariance	Layered	Current actor	Fixed sequence	Interaction protocol space	Turn admissibility	Micro
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Entry and exit rules	Agents, participation states	State–permission relations	Access-control structure	Bipartite admissibility graph	n-dimensional	Rule identity invariance	Layered	Entrant, incumbent, exit	Unordered	Institutional participation space	Entry/exit admissibility	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Enforcement actions	Authorities, rules, agents	Oversight relations	Enforcement architecture	Directed oversight graph	n-dimensional	Authority-role invariance	Layered	Enforcer, subject	Unordered	Institutional control space	Authority assignment	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Penalties applied for violations	Rules, sanctions	Rule–sanction mapping	Sanction structure	Rule-linked nodes	n-dimensional	Sanction identity invariance	Layered	Violator, sanctioning body	Unordered	Institutional sanction space	Sanction admissibility	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Eligibility rules	Agents, criteria	Qualification relations	Eligibility filter structure	Partitioned admissibility sets	n-dimensional	Criteria invariance	None	Eligible, ineligible	Unordered	Eligibility space	Qualification admissibility	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Allowed vs prohibited actions	Actions	Permission relations	Binary action partition	Disjoint action sets	n-dimensional	Permission-status invariance	None	Allowed, prohibited	Unordered	Action-rule space	Mutual exclusivity	Meso
Structure	Institutional/Rule architecture	Rule changes over time	Rule versions	Version-order relations	Layered rule versions	Ordered layers	1D (version order)	Rule-identity across versions	Nested	Current, prior	Fixed version order	Institutional rule-history space	Single active version	Macro

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3. Dynamics Observables

Every item listed:

• Is directly observable
• Involves multiple agents
• Is temporal
• Is history-sensitive
• Requires no formal encoding

If something:

• Quantifies amounts → Magnitude
• Fixes relational layout → Structure
• Restricts feasible actions → Constraint
• Assigns desirability → Evaluation
• Encodes mathematically → Method

…it does not belong here.

SAT – Evidence – Observables – Dynamics – Interaction (Markets, Strategy & Mechanisms)

Property Category	Property	Observable	State Variable	Time Parameter	Rate / Rule of Change	Direction of Change	Trajectory / Path	Timescale	Regime / Stability Class	Initial Condition	Terminal / Attractor State	Lag / Inertia	Perturbation Sensitivity	Reversibility
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Changes in actions following others’ past actions	Action policy state	Discrete interaction rounds	Observation-conditioned update rule	Conditional	Adaptive response path	Short-term	Adaptive	Initial policy	Locally stable response	Low inertia	High sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Changes in bids or offers after losses or gains	Bid/offer policy state	Discrete rounds	Outcome-conditioned update rule	Directional adjustment	Stepwise policy path	Short-term	Adaptive	Initial bid/offer	Locally stable policy	Moderate inertia	High sensitivity	Partially reversible
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Behavioral shifts after observing rivals’ moves	Strategy selection state	Discrete rounds	Rival-observation update rule	Conditional	Strategy-switching path	Short-term	Switching	Initial strategy	No fixed attractor	Low inertia	High sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Reactions to opponents’ successes or failures	Response propensity state	Discrete rounds	Success/failure-conditioned rule	Directional adaptation	Feedback-driven path	Short-term	Adaptive	Initial propensity	Locally stable propensity	Moderate inertia	High sensitivity	Path-dependent
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Abandonment of strategies after poor outcomes	Strategy-usage state	Discrete rounds	Deactivation rule	Decreasing usage	Exit trajectory	Medium-term	Absorbing (abandoned)	Initial strategy set	Reduced strategy set	High inertia	Low sensitivity	Irreversible
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Adoption of strategies after observing success	Strategy adoption state	Discrete interaction rounds	Success-conditioned activation rule	Directional adoption	Entry trajectory	Short-to-medium term	Adaptive	Initial strategy set	Expanded active set	Moderate inertia	High sensitivity	Partially reversible
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Conditioning behavior on observed histories	History-dependent policy state	Discrete rounds	History-conditioned update rule	Conditional	History-indexed path	Medium-term	Path-dependent	Initial policy	History-specific attractors	High inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Path-dependent
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Increased or decreased aggressiveness after feedback	Aggressiveness level state	Discrete rounds	Feedback-conditioned adjustment rule	Increasing or decreasing	Adjustment path	Short-term	Adaptive	Initial aggressiveness	Stabilized level	Moderate inertia	High sensitivity	Partially reversible
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Strategy persistence despite negative outcomes	Strategy persistence state	Discrete rounds	Persistence rule	Directional persistence	Flat or slowly drifting path	Medium-to-long term	Metastable	Initial strategy	Persistent strategy state	High inertia	Low sensitivity	Irreversible
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Overreaction or underreaction to observed events	Response amplitude state	Discrete rounds	Amplified / dampened update rule	Overshooting or undershooting	Oscillatory or muted path	Short-term	Unstable or damped	Initial response level	Stabilized response	Low inertia	High sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Belief updating rule	Sudden behavioral shifts after new information about others	Strategy selection state	Event-indexed time	Information-triggered jump rule	Discontinuous shift	Jump discontinuity path	Immediate	Regime-shifting	Pre-update strategy	New strategy regime	Low inertia	Very high sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Time between an opponent’s action and response	Response latency state	Continuous or discrete time	Latency update rule	Decreasing or increasing delay	Latency trajectory	Short-term	Stable or adaptive	Initial latency	Stable response delay	Moderate inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Number of periods before a response occurs	Response delay state	Discrete periods	Delay-count update rule	Increasing or decreasing	Stepwise delay path	Short-to-medium term	Stable	Initial delay count	Zero or fixed delay	Moderate inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Immediate vs delayed reactions	Reaction timing state	Event-indexed time	Threshold-based timing rule	Immediate or delayed	Bimodal timing path	Short-term	Switching	Initial timing mode	Dominant timing mode	Low inertia	High sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Rapid escalation or de-escalation	Action intensity state	Discrete interaction rounds	Acceleration/deceleration rule	Increasing or decreasing	Steep adjustment path	Short-term	Unstable or damped	Initial intensity	Stabilized level	Low inertia	High sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Lagged responses	Response timing state	Discrete rounds or continuous time	Lagged-update rule	Delayed adjustment	Shifted response path	Short-to-medium term	Stable or adaptive	Initial lag length	Stable lag	High inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Frequency of strategy changes	Strategy-switching state	Discrete rounds	Switching-rate update rule	Increasing or decreasing	Switching-frequency path	Medium-term	Stable or volatile	Initial switching frequency	Stable frequency level	Low to moderate inertia	High sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Speed of convergence to stable behavior	Convergence state	Discrete rounds	Convergence-rate rule	Accelerating or decelerating	Convergent trajectory	Short-to-medium term	Convergent	Initial deviation	Stable behavior attractor	Low inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Oscillation in actions over time	Action state	Discrete or continuous time	Oscillatory update rule	Cyclic	Periodic path	Medium-term	Oscillatory	Initial action level	Limit cycle	Low inertia	High sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Periods of inertia vs rapid change	Adjustment state	Discrete rounds	Regime-switching speed rule	Alternating slow/fast	Piecewise trajectory	Medium-term	Switching regimes	Initial adjustment mode	Dominant adjustment mode	Variable inertia	High sensitivity	Partially reversible
Dynamics	Strategic adjustment speed	Response timing relative to information release	Response timing state	Event-indexed time	Information-aligned timing rule	Earlier or later response	Timing-aligned path	Short-term	Stable or adaptive	Initial response delay	Stable alignment	Moderate inertia	High sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Retaliation following past defections	Retaliation propensity state	Discrete interaction rounds	Defection-conditioned update rule	Directional escalation	History-dependent path	Medium-term	Path-dependent	Initial cooperation/defection	Retaliatory steady state	High inertia	High sensitivity	Path-dependent
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Cooperation sustained after past cooperation	Cooperation propensity state	Discrete rounds	Reinforcement update rule	Directional persistence	Persistent cooperative path	Medium-to-long term	Stable	Initial cooperation state	Cooperative attractor	High inertia	Low sensitivity	Partially reversible
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Punishment following rule violations	Punishment response state	Discrete rounds	Violation-conditioned update rule	Directional response	Triggered response path	Medium-term	Conditional	Initial compliance state	Punishment state	Moderate inertia	High sensitivity	Path-dependent
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Reputation effects visible in later interactions	Reputation-influenced policy state	Discrete rounds	Reputation-conditioned update rule	Directional adaptation	Long-memory path	Long-term	Metastable	Initial reputation state	Reputation-stabilized policy	High inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Partially irreversible
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Forgiveness after punishment	Forgiveness propensity state	Discrete rounds	Relaxation update rule	Directional de-escalation	Recovery path	Medium-term	Adaptive	Post-punishment state	Cooperative state	Moderate inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Lock-in to established strategies	Strategy commitment state	Discrete interaction rounds	Reinforcement / lock-in rule	Directional persistence	Convergent path to fixed strategy	Medium-to-long term	Absorbing	Initial strategy mix	Locked-in strategy	Very high inertia	Low sensitivity	Irreversible
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	History-contingent offers	Offer policy state	Discrete rounds	History-conditioned update rule	Conditional	History-indexed trajectory	Medium-term	Path-dependent	Initial offer policy	History-specific policy	High inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Path-dependent
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Blacklisting or exclusion after past behavior	Access eligibility state	Discrete rounds	Exclusion-trigger rule	Directional exclusion	Stepwise removal path	Medium-term	Absorbing	Initial inclusion	Excluded state	Very high inertia	Low sensitivity	Irreversible
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Escalation following prior conflict	Conflict intensity state	Discrete rounds	Conflict-conditioned escalation rule	Increasing	Escalatory path	Short-to-medium term	Unstable	Initial conflict level	High-conflict attractor	Low inertia	High sensitivity	Partially reversible
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	De-escalation after repeated cooperation	Conflict reduction state	Discrete rounds	Cooperation-conditioned relaxation rule	Decreasing	De-escalatory path	Medium-term	Stable	Initial conflict level	Low-conflict attractor	Moderate inertia	Moderate sensitivity	Reversible
Dynamics	Path dependence of interactions	Inability to reset interaction after history accumulates	Reset feasibility state	Discrete rounds	History-accumulation constraint rule	Directional rigidity	Non-resetting path	Long-term	Path-locked	Initial interaction state	Non-resettable regime	Very high inertia	Very low sensitivity	Irreversible

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4. Interaction Observables

Every item listed:

• Is directly observable
• Involves multiple agents
• Reflects interdependence
• Requires no formal representation

If something:

• Quantifies amounts → Magnitude
• Fixes relational layout → Structure
• Evolves over time → Dynamics
• Restricts feasibility → Constraint
• Assigns desirability → Evaluation
• Encodes mathematically → Method

…it does not belong here.

SAT – Evidence – Observables – Interaction – Interaction (Markets, Strategy & Mechanisms)

Property Category	Property	Observable	Source Entity	Target Entity	Directionality	Interaction Type	Coupling Strength	Sign / Polarity	Interaction Scope	Mediation Channel	Latency / Delay	Feedback Presence	Context Dependence	Stability of Interaction
Interaction	Strategic dependence	Change in Agent B’s payoff following Agent A’s action	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Incentive	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise	Action–payoff linkage	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed or adaptive
Interaction	Strategic dependence	Change in Agent B’s outcome following Agent A’s action	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Coupling	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise	Action–outcome channel	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed or adaptive
Interaction	Strategic dependence	Gain realized by Agent B after Agent A acts	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Incentive	Positive sensitivity	Positive	Pairwise	Outcome transmission	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed or adaptive
Interaction	Strategic dependence	Loss realized by Agent B after Agent A acts	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Incentive	Positive sensitivity	Negative	Pairwise	Outcome transmission	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed or adaptive
Interaction	Strategic dependence	Different outcomes for Agent B under different Agent A actions	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Coupling	Action-contingent sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise	Action–outcome mapping	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-contingent	Fixed
Interaction	Strategic dependence	Dependence of Agent B’s outcome on Agent A’s action choice	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Coupling	Action-contingent sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise	Action–outcome mapping	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed or adaptive
Interaction	Strategic dependence	Outcome reversal for Agent B after Agent A’s move	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Coupling	Sign-changing sensitivity	Mixed (sign reversal)	Pairwise	Action–outcome mapping	Immediate or lagged	None	Threshold-dependent	Adaptive
Interaction	Complementarity / substitutability	Higher joint outcome when agents take the same action	Agent A	Agent B	Bidirectional	Coupling	Positive sensitivity	Positive	Pairwise or group	Joint-action channel	Immediate or lagged	Positive feedback	Action-alignment dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Complementarity / substitutability	Lower joint outcome when agents take the same action	Agent A	Agent B	Bidirectional	Coupling	Positive sensitivity	Negative	Pairwise or group	Joint-action channel	Immediate or lagged	Negative feedback	Action-alignment dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Complementarity / substitutability	Higher outcome for one agent when the other increases action level	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Coupling	Positive sensitivity	Positive	Pairwise	Action-level transmission	Immediate or lagged	None	Level-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Complementarity / substitutability	Lower outcome for one agent when the other increases action level	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Coupling	Negative sensitivity	Negative	Pairwise	Action-level transmission	Immediate or lagged	None	Level-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Complementarity / substitutability	Outcome amplification when actions coincide	Agent A	Agent B	Bidirectional	Coupling	Positive sensitivity	Positive	Pairwise or group	Joint-action channel	Immediate or lagged	Positive feedback	Action-alignment dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Complementarity / substitutability	Outcome attenuation when actions coincide	Agent A	Agent B	Bidirectional	Coupling	Negative sensitivity	Negative	Pairwise or group	Joint-action channel	Immediate or lagged	Negative feedback	Action-alignment dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Complementarity / substitutability	Outcome reduction when actions conflict	Agent A	Agent B	Bidirectional	Coupling	Negative sensitivity	Negative	Pairwise or group	Action-conflict channel	Immediate or lagged	Negative feedback	Conflict-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Externalities	Agent B experiences a gain without receiving payment after Agent A acts	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Externality	Positive sensitivity	Positive	Pairwise or local	Spillover channel	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Externalities	Agent B experiences a loss without making a payment after Agent A acts	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Externality	Positive sensitivity	Negative	Pairwise or local	Spillover channel	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Externalities	Outcome change for Agent B with no transaction recorded	Agent A	Agent B	Unidirectional	Externality	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise or local	Non-transactional spillover	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Externalities	Benefit accruing to non-acting agents	Acting agent(s)	Non-acting agents	Unidirectional	Externality	Positive sensitivity	Positive	Group	Spillover channel	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Externalities	Harm accruing to non-acting agents	Acting agent(s)	Non-acting agents	Unidirectional	Externality	Positive sensitivity	Negative	Group	Spillover channel	Immediate or lagged	None	Action-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Externalities	Spillover effects not linked to contracts or prices	Agent A	Other agents	Unidirectional	Externality	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Local or global	Non-contractual channel	Immediate or lagged	None	Context-dependent	Fixed
Interaction	Communication channels	Message sent	Sender agent	Receiver agent(s)	Unidirectional	Signal	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise or group	Communication channel	Immediate or delayed	None	Context-dependent	Transient
Interaction	Communication channels	Message received	Sender agent	Receiver agent	Unidirectional	Signal	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise	Communication channel	Immediate or delayed	None	Channel-availability dependent	Transient
Interaction	Communication channels	Public announcement made	Announcing agent	Multiple agents	Unidirectional	Broadcast signal	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Group / public	Public communication channel	Immediate or delayed	None	Announcement-context dependent	Transient
Interaction	Communication channels	Private communication delivered	Sender agent	Specific receiver	Unidirectional	Signal	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise	Private communication channel	Immediate or delayed	None	Relationship-dependent	Transient
Interaction	Communication channels	Signal emitted	Signaling agent	Potential observers	Unidirectional	Signal	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Local or group	Signaling medium	Immediate or delayed	None	Emission-context dependent	Transient
Interaction	Communication channels	Signal observed	Signaling agent	Observing agent(s)	Unidirectional	Signal	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Local or group	Observation channel	Immediate or delayed	None	Observability-dependent	Transient
Interaction	Communication channels	Timing of communication	Communicating agent	Receiving agent(s)	Unidirectional	Signal	Non-zero sensitivity	Mixed	Pairwise or group	Communication channel	Ordered / delayed	None	Timing-dependent	Fixed or transient
Interaction	Communication channels	Absence of communication when a channel exists	Potential sender	Potential receiver	Unidirectional	Null signal	Zero sensitivity	Neutral	Pairwise or group	Available channel unused	Immediate	None	Channel-availability dependent	Transient

---

5. Constraint Observables

Every item listed:

• Is directly observable
• Involves multiple agents
• Describes limits, not preferences
• Requires no formal representation

If something:

• Quantifies payoffs → Magnitude
• Describes relational layout → Structure
• Evolves via history → Dynamics
• Assigns desirability → Evaluation
• Encodes mathematically → Method

…it does not belong here.

SAT – Evidence – Observables – Constraint – Interaction (Markets, Strategy & Mechanisms)

Property Category	Property	Observable	Constrained Entity / Variable	Constraint Type	Forbidden States	Permitted Region	Boundary Definition	Binding Status	Universality / Scope	Constraint Origin	Hardness	Tolerance / Slack	Interaction with Other Constraints	Enforcement Condition
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Actions available to each agent at a given time	Individual agent action sets	Admissibility	Actions outside agent-specific feasible sets	Agent-feasible actions	Agent-specific feasibility boundary	Conditional	Context-specific (per agent, per time)	Institutional / Physical	Hard	None	Nested with joint-action constraints	Feasibility check
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Actions unavailable to each agent	Individual agent action sets	Exclusivity	Agent-infeasible actions	Agent-feasible actions	Agent exclusion boundary	Binding	Context-specific (per agent)	Institutional / Physical	Hard	None	Nested with domain and time constraints	Invalid-selection detection
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Joint actions that are permitted	Joint action profiles	Admissibility	Joint profiles violating joint rules	Permitted joint profiles	Joint feasibility boundary	Conditional	Context-specific (group)	Institutional / Logical	Hard	None	Combined with individual feasibility	Joint feasibility check
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Joint actions that are prohibited	Joint action profiles	Prohibition	Disallowed joint combinations	Allowed joint combinations	Prohibition boundary	Binding	Context-specific (group)	Institutional / Logical	Hard	None	Independent or nested with individual rules	Prohibition detection
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Attempted actions that are rejected	Action submissions (individual or joint)	Admissibility	Rejected attempts	Accepted attempts	Acceptance/rejection boundary	Binding	Local (attempt-specific)	Institutional / Logical	Hard	None	Nested with all feasibility constraints	Rejection signal
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Action menus that differ across agents	Agent-specific action sets	Admissibility	Actions not available to a given agent	Agent-specific feasible actions	Agent-menu boundary	Binding	Context-specific (per agent)	Institutional / Physical	Hard	None	Nested with joint-action constraints	Feasibility check
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Changes in available actions after other agents act	Agent action sets	Conditional admissibility	Actions unavailable given others’ prior actions	Conditionally feasible actions	Action-contingent feasibility boundary	Conditional	Context-specific (interaction-dependent)	Institutional / Logical	Hard	None	Nested with joint-action rules	Conditional feasibility check
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Mutually exclusive actions across agents	Joint action profiles	Exclusivity	Simultaneous execution of exclusive actions	Non-conflicting joint profiles	Mutual-exclusion boundary	Binding	Context-specific (group)	Logical / Institutional	Hard	None	Independent or nested	Logical inconsistency
Constraint	Feasible action sets (multi-agent)	Observable limits on simultaneous actions	Concurrent action execution	Capacity	Exceeding allowable simultaneity	Allowed concurrent actions	Simultaneity ceiling	Binding	Context-specific (group)	Physical / Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with timing and resource constraints	Capacity violation
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Rules currently in force	Action and interaction configurations	Admissibility	Configurations violating active rules	Rule-compliant configurations	Rule applicability boundary	Binding	Context-specific (current regime)	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with feasibility and role constraints	Rule-violation detection
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Prohibited actions enforced	Action selection	Prohibition	Execution of prohibited actions	Allowed action set	Prohibition boundary	Binding	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with role and feasibility constraints	Rule-violation detection
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Required actions enforced	Action execution	Requirement	Failure to perform required actions	Compliance actions	Obligation boundary	Binding	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	Limited (grace if specified)	Nested with timing constraints	Non-compliance detection
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Enforcement events	Action/interaction outcomes	Enforcement	Unenforced violations	Enforced rule states	Enforcement trigger boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Dependent on rule violations	Violation recognition
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Sanctions applied	Agent status	Sanction	Unsanctioned violation states	Sanctioned states	Sanction activation boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with enforcement events	Sanction trigger
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Penalties imposed	Agent action space	Penalty	Non-penalized violation	Penalized states	Penalty threshold	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with sanctions	Penalty application
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Compliance events	Action execution	Requirement	Non-compliant actions	Rule-compliant actions	Compliance boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	Limited (grace if specified)	Nested with timing and role constraints	Compliance verification
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Violations recorded	Action/interaction history	Prohibition	Unrecorded violations	Recorded violations	Violation-recognition boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with enforcement rules	Violation detection
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Rule changes implemented	Rule set applicability	Admissibility	Actions under obsolete rules	Actions under active rules	Rule-version boundary	Binding	Context-specific (current regime)	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with all institutional rules	Rule-version activation
Constraint	Institutional constraints	Rule suspensions or overrides	Rule applicability	Exception	Enforcement under suspended rules	Actions under overridden rules	Suspension/override boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	Limited	Overrides rule applicability	Override activation
Constraint	Participation constraints	Entry attempts	Participation state	Admissibility	Entry without eligibility	Eligible entry attempts	Entry-admissibility boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with eligibility and rule constraints	Entry decision
Constraint	Participation constraints	Entry acceptance	Participation status	Admissibility	Participation without approval	Approved participation	Acceptance boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with eligibility and rule constraints	Acceptance confirmation
Constraint	Participation constraints	Entry rejection	Participation status	Prohibition	Unauthorized participation	Non-participation or approved entry	Rejection boundary	Binding	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with eligibility rules	Rejection notification
Constraint	Participation constraints	Exit events	Participation status	Boundary	Continued participation beyond exit	Exit-compliant states	Exit boundary	Binding	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with role and rule constraints	Exit recognition
Constraint	Participation constraints	Voluntary withdrawal	Participation status	Admissibility	Forced continuation	Voluntary exit states	Withdrawal boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	Limited (notice periods if any)	Nested with timing constraints	Withdrawal notice
Constraint	Participation constraints	Forced exclusion	Participation status	Prohibition	Continued participation after exclusion	Excluded states	Exclusion boundary	Binding	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with violation and sanction constraints	Exclusion enforcement
Constraint	Participation constraints	Acceptance of contract terms	Contract participation state	Admissibility	Participation without acceptance	Participation under accepted terms	Acceptance boundary	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with eligibility and rule constraints	Acceptance confirmation
Constraint	Participation constraints	Rejection of contract terms	Contract participation state	Prohibition	Participation after rejection	Non-participation or renegotiation	Rejection boundary	Binding	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with eligibility and contract rules	Rejection registration
Constraint	Participation constraints	Eligibility checks passed	Participation eligibility state	Qualification	Participation without eligibility	Eligible participation	Eligibility threshold	Conditional	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with participation rules	Eligibility verification
Constraint	Participation constraints	Eligibility checks failed	Participation eligibility state	Prohibition	Participation despite ineligibility	Non-participation	Ineligibility boundary	Binding	Context-specific	Institutional	Hard	None	Nested with participation and rule constraints	Eligibility failure detection

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6. Information Observables

Every item listed:

• Is directly observable
• Involves multiple agents
• Concerns who knows what and when
• Requires no probabilistic encoding
• Requires no formal representation

If something:

• Quantifies payoffs → Magnitude
• Describes relational layout → Structure
• Evolves via history → Dynamics
• Restricts feasibility → Constraint
• Assigns desirability → Evaluation
• Encodes mathematically → Method

…it does not belong here.

SAT – Evidence – Observables – Information – Interaction (Markets, Strategy & Mechanisms)

Property Category	Property	Observable	Information Content	Carrier / Medium	Uncertainty	Resolution / Granularity	Signal vs Noise Distinction	Observability / Accessibility	Encoding Scheme	Update / Learning Rule	Predictive Power	Complexity Measure	Redundancy / Correlation	Definability / Expressibility
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Observation of another agent’s past actions	Action-history distinctions	External observation record	Uncertainty about action motives	Action-level granularity	Action signal vs incidental variation	Observable	Action-history encoding	History-based update	Predictive of future actions	Moderate	Correlated across repeated actions	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Observation of another agent’s bids or offers	Bid/offer pattern distinctions	Market record / display	Uncertainty about bidding strategy	Price/offer-level granularity	Strategic signal vs noise	Observable	Bid-sequence encoding	Outcome-conditioned update	Predictive of bidding behavior	Moderate	Correlated across rounds	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Observation of another agent’s prices or quantities	Price/quantity pattern distinctions	Market data feed	Uncertainty about supply/demand	Transaction-level granularity	Market signal vs background noise	Observable	Market-data encoding	Observation-based update	Predictive of pricing behavior	Moderate	Correlated across periods	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Observation of another agent’s payoffs or outcomes	Outcome realization distinctions	Outcome report / inference	Uncertainty about payoff drivers	Outcome-level granularity	Outcome signal vs randomness	Partially observable	Outcome-encoded beliefs	Outcome-conditioned update	Predictive of future behavior	Moderate	Correlated across outcomes	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Observation of another agent’s entry or exit	Participation-status distinctions	Market participation record	Uncertainty about participation intent	Binary participation granularity	Entry/exit signal vs noise	Observable	Participation-state encoding	Event-based update	Predictive of future presence	Low to moderate	Correlated across agents	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Observation of compliance or violation by another agent	Compliance/violation status distinctions	Monitoring record / rule log	Uncertainty about rule adherence	Binary or event-level granularity	Compliance signal vs incidental noise	Observable	Status-flag encoding	Event-conditioned update	Predictive of future adherence	Low to moderate	Correlated across repeated checks	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Observation of messages sent by another agent	Message-content distinctions	Communication channel	Uncertainty about intent or meaning	Message-level granularity	Message signal vs background chatter	Observable	Message-symbol encoding	Message-conditioned update	Predictive of responses	Moderate	Correlated across exchanges	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Observation of signals emitted by another agent	Signal-emission distinctions	Signaling medium	Uncertainty about signal reliability	Signal-level granularity	Signal vs noise characterization	Observable	Signal-feature encoding	Reliability-adjusted update	Predictive of future actions	Moderate	Correlated across signals	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Timing of observations (before / after own action)	Observation-order distinctions	Observation log	Uncertainty about causal ordering	Event-order granularity	Pre-action vs post-action signal	Observable	Temporal-order encoding	Order-conditioned update	Predictive of reaction timing	Low to moderate	Correlated across events	Definable
Information	Beliefs about other agents	Absence of observation where observation is possible	Missing-signal distinctions	Observation channel	Uncertainty due to non-observation	Binary presence/absence granularity	Signal absence vs channel noise	Partially observable	Null-signal encoding	Absence-conditioned update	Predictive of inference under silence	Low	Correlated across channels	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Information shown to one agent but not another	Differential information access distinctions	Information display / channel	Asymmetric uncertainty across agents	Information-item granularity	Informative content vs inaccessible noise	Partially observable (agent-specific)	Agent-indexed encoding	Agent-conditioned update	Predictive of divergent beliefs	Moderate	Correlated within agent groups	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Private messages received by one agent only	Message-content distinctions	Private communication channel	Sender/recipient uncertainty	Message-level granularity	Message signal vs background noise	Restricted to recipient	Private-message encoding	Message-conditioned update	Predictive of recipient behavior	Moderate	Low redundancy	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Public information visible to all agents	Common information distinctions	Public announcement medium	Reduced shared uncertainty	Coarse shared granularity	Public signal vs background noise	Fully observable	Common-knowledge encoding	Public-update rule	Predictive of coordinated responses	Moderate to high	High redundancy across agents	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Delayed disclosure to some agents	Staggered information availability	Information release channel	Temporal access uncertainty	Event-time granularity	Timely vs delayed signal	Asymmetric over time	Time-indexed encoding	Delay-conditioned update	Predictive of timing asymmetries	Low to moderate	Correlated across delayed agents	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Withheld information from some agents	Non-disclosure distinctions	Information channel	Persistent access uncertainty	Binary withheld/revealed granularity	Withheld signal vs absence noise	Partially observable	Withholding-flag encoding	Absence-conditioned update	Predictive of belief gaps	Low	Correlated across withheld items	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Unequal access to signals	Signal-availability distinctions across agents	Signaling channel	Asymmetric signal uncertainty	Signal-level granularity	Informative signal vs inaccessible noise	Partially observable (agent-specific)	Agent-indexed signal encoding	Access-conditioned update	Predictive of belief divergence	Moderate	Correlated within access groups	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Unequal access to action histories	Action-history visibility distinctions	Observation log	Uncertainty about others’ past actions	History-level granularity	Observed actions vs hidden history	Partially observable	History-visibility encoding	History-conditioned update	Predictive of strategic responses	Moderate	Correlated across hidden histories	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Unequal access to outcome information	Outcome-visibility distinctions	Outcome reporting channel	Uncertainty about realized outcomes	Outcome-level granularity	Outcome signal vs unobserved noise	Partially observable	Outcome-visibility encoding	Outcome-conditioned update	Predictive of future behavior	Moderate	Correlated across agents with access	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Information revealed after actions for some agents only	Post-action disclosure distinctions	Disclosure channel	Temporal access uncertainty	Event-time granularity	Timely vs delayed revelation signal	Asymmetric over time	Time-indexed encoding	Delay-conditioned update	Predictive of belief timing gaps	Low to moderate	Correlated across delayed agents	Definable
Information	Information asymmetry	Observable secrecy versus transparency conditions	Visibility-status distinctions	Information environment	Persistent access uncertainty	Binary visibility granularity	Revealed content vs concealed noise	Observable at environment level	Visibility-flag encoding	Environment-conditioned update	Predictive of inference limits	Low	Correlated across concealed items	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Rules not disclosed to agents	Rule-existence distinctions	Institutional rule channel	Structural uncertainty about applicable rules	Rule-level granularity	Rule signal vs absence noise	Hidden from agents	Rule-absence encoding	Inference-based update	Predictive of compliance errors	Low	Correlated across hidden rules	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Partial disclosure of rules	Subset-of-rules distinctions	Institutional communication channel	Incomplete rule uncertainty	Clause-level granularity	Disclosed clauses vs hidden clauses	Partially observable	Partial-rule encoding	Incremental disclosure update	Predictive of partial compliance	Moderate	Correlated within rule subsets	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Rule changes announced without advance notice	Rule-version timing distinctions	Announcement channel	Temporal rule uncertainty	Event-time granularity	Announcement signal vs background	Observable at announcement	Event-conditioned encoding	Surprise-based update	Predictive of adjustment errors	Low to moderate	Correlated across surprise events	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Hidden eligibility criteria	Qualification-condition distinctions	Institutional screening process	Eligibility uncertainty	Criteria-level granularity	Eligibility signal vs opaque noise	Not directly observable	Hidden-criteria encoding	Outcome-conditioned inference	Predictive of entry attempts	Low	Correlated across applicants	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Unknown classification or role at decision time	Agent-type distinctions	Role assignment system	Type uncertainty	Role-level granularity	Role signal vs ambiguity	Unobservable at decision time	Type-uncertainty encoding	Experience-based update	Predictive of cautious behavior	Moderate	Correlated across similar agents	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Delayed revelation of agent roles or types	Role/type availability distinctions	Role assignment channel	Temporal type uncertainty	Role-level granularity	Role signal vs delayed noise	Partially observable (post-delay)	Time-indexed type encoding	Delay-conditioned update	Predictive of interim behavior	Low to moderate	Correlated across delayed agents	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Ambiguous or incomplete rule descriptions	Rule-description distinctions	Institutional communication medium	Interpretive ambiguity	Clause-level granularity	Clear clauses vs ambiguous text	Partially observable	Ambiguity-coded rule encoding	Clarification-based update	Predictive of inconsistent compliance	Moderate	Correlated across rule sets	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Conflicting rule announcements	Rule-conflict distinctions	Announcement channels	Contradictory rule uncertainty	Rule-version granularity	Consistent vs conflicting signals	Observable	Conflict-flag encoding	Conflict-resolution update	Predictive of hesitation or error	Moderate	Correlated across announcements	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Clarification events resolving uncertainty	Rule-clarification distinctions	Clarification channel	Reduced rule uncertainty	Event-level granularity	Clarification signal vs prior ambiguity	Observable	Resolution-event encoding	Clarification-conditioned update	Predictive of convergence in behavior	Moderate to high	Redundant across agents	Definable
Information	Uncertainty about rules or types	Disputes arising from unclear rules	Dispute-trigger distinctions	Dispute record / forum	Persistent interpretive uncertainty	Dispute-level granularity	Dispute signal vs routine interaction	Observable	Dispute-flag encoding	Resolution-based update	Predictive of future caution	Low to moderate	Correlated across similar disputes	Definable

---

7. Evaluation Observables

Every item listed:

• Is directly observable
• Involves multiple agents
• Is evaluative, not structural
• Requires no formal representation

If something:

• Quantifies amounts → Magnitude
• Fixes relational layout → Structure
• Evolves through history → Dynamics
• Restricts actions → Constraint
• Encodes mathematically → Method

…it does not belong here.

SAT – Evidence – Observables – Evaluation – Interaction (Markets, Strategy & Mechanisms)

Property Category	Property	Observable	Evaluated Entity / State	Evaluation Criterion	Comparator / Reference	Ordering Type	Direction of Preference	Aggregation Rule	Context / Domain of Validity	Optimality Concept	Tradeoff Structure	Tolerance / Acceptability Margin	Stability of Evaluation	Justification Type
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Choice of one joint outcome over another when both are available	Joint outcome	Payoff dominance	Alternative joint outcome	Total or partial order	Higher payoff preferred	Implicit single-criterion	Interaction context	Local optimum	Opportunity cost	Indifference band (if present)	Fixed	Axiomatic
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Acceptance of one outcome and rejection of another	Outcome pair	Acceptability	Accept/reject threshold	Binary acceptable / unacceptable	Acceptable over unacceptable	Threshold-based	Interaction context	Satisficing	Threshold tradeoff	Acceptance margin	Fixed	Institutional / axiomatic
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Repeated selection of the same joint outcome across interactions	Joint outcome	Revealed preference consistency	Previously selected outcome	Ranking	Persistence indicates preference	Implicit consistency rule	Repeated interaction context	Stable local optimum	Forgone alternatives	Small deviations tolerated	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Sacrifices accepted to achieve a preferred joint outcome	Outcome tradeoff	Net payoff comparison	Less costly alternative	Partial order	Preferred outcome despite cost	Lexicographic or weighted	Interaction context	Constrained optimum	Explicit sacrifice	Tolerance band	Stable	Axiomatic
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Abandonment of interactions producing inferior outcomes	Interaction outcome stream	Inferiority	Prior interaction outcomes	Binary acceptable / unacceptable	Exit from worse outcomes	Threshold-based	Repeated interaction context	Satisficing	Exit vs continuation	Exit threshold	Adaptive	Functional
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Switching away from outcomes producing lower payoffs	Joint outcome	Payoff ranking	Previously experienced outcome	Partial order	Higher payoff preferred	Implicit single-criterion	Repeated interaction context	Local optimum	Opportunity cost	Switching threshold	Adaptive	Functional
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Persistence in pursuing outcomes producing higher payoffs	Joint outcome	Payoff dominance	Alternative feasible outcomes	Ranking	Higher payoff preferred	Implicit single-criterion	Repeated interaction context	Stable local optimum	Forgone alternatives	Small deviations tolerated	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Objection or complaint following unfavorable outcomes	Outcome evaluation state	Acceptability / dissatisfaction	Implicit fairness or payoff baseline	Binary acceptable / unacceptable	Unacceptable outcomes rejected	Threshold-based	Institutional / interaction context	Satisficing	Voice vs acceptance	Complaint threshold	Stable	Institutional
Evaluation	Payoff evaluation	Renegotiation attempts after undesirable outcomes	Outcome configuration	Comparative payoff evaluation	Current agreement outcome	Partial order	Improvement over status quo	Lexicographic or weighted	Contractual interaction context	Constrained optimum	Renegotiation costs	Renegotiation band	Adaptive	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Action changes after receiving new information	Action choice under information	Informational improvement	Pre-information action	Partial order	Information-improved action preferred	Implicit single-criterion	Strategic interaction context	Local optimum	Action change vs status quo	Change threshold	Adaptive	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Willingness to delay action to obtain information	Timing decision	Information value	Immediate-action baseline	Binary or partial order	Better-informed action preferred	Threshold-based	Strategic timing context	Satisficing or local optimum	Delay cost vs information gain	Delay tolerance band	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Payment made to acquire information	Information acquisition outcome	Net benefit of information	No-information alternative	Ranking	Higher net value preferred	Weighted tradeoff	Market or strategic context	Constrained optimum	Cost of information	Acceptable cost margin	Stable	Axiomatic
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Refusal to act without additional information	Action feasibility judgment	Informational sufficiency	Action under ignorance	Binary acceptable / unacceptable	Information-required preferred	Threshold-based	Uncertainty-sensitive context	Satisficing	Inaction vs risk	Sufficiency threshold	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Information withholding behavior	Disclosure choice	Strategic informational advantage	Full disclosure baseline	Partial order	Advantage-preserving choice preferred	Implicit single-criterion	Competitive interaction context	Strategic optimum	Transparency vs advantage	Withholding tolerance	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Information disclosure behavior	Disclosure choice	Strategic informational advantage	Non-disclosure baseline	Partial order	Advantage-preserving preferred	Implicit single-criterion	Strategic interaction context	Strategic optimum	Transparency vs advantage	Disclosure tolerance band	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Increased or decreased aggressiveness after information receipt	Action posture after information	Strategic positioning	Pre-information posture	Partial order	Information-aligned posture preferred	Implicit single-criterion	Competitive interaction context	Local optimum	Aggressiveness vs exposure	Adjustment tolerance	Adaptive	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Defensive actions taken after information receipt	Defensive action choice	Risk mitigation effectiveness	Non-defensive alternative	Partial order	Risk-reducing preferred	Implicit single-criterion	Uncertainty-sensitive context	Satisficing	Defense cost vs exposure	Defense threshold	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Information-seeking actions initiated	Information acquisition choice	Expected informational benefit	No-search alternative	Ranking	Higher expected value preferred	Weighted tradeoff	Strategic decision context	Constrained optimum	Search cost vs benefit	Search acceptability band	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Strategic value of information	Information avoidance actions taken	Information avoidance choice	Strategic risk avoidance	Full-information baseline	Partial order	Avoidance preferred under risk	Threshold-based	High-uncertainty context	Satisficing	Ignorance vs exposure	Avoidance tolerance	Stable	Functional
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Redistribution actions taken between agents	Allocation across agents	Relative welfare improvement	Pre-redistribution allocation	Partial order	Reduced disparity preferred	Explicit redistribution rule	Inter-agent interaction context	Constrained optimum	Equity vs efficiency	Redistribution tolerance	Adaptive	Ethical / institutional
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Transfers made to improve another agent’s outcome	Recipient’s outcome state	Beneficiary welfare gain	No-transfer baseline	Partial order	Improvement of other preferred	Additive or weighted	Social / strategic context	Pareto-improving move	Donor cost vs recipient gain	Acceptable sacrifice margin	Stable	Ethical
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Complaints or objections citing unfairness	Outcome comparison state	Fairness violation	Fairness reference baseline	Binary acceptable / unacceptable	Fair outcomes preferred	Threshold-based	Institutional interaction context	Satisficing	Voice vs acceptance	Complaint threshold	Stable	Ethical / institutional
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Appeals to fairness or equity rules	Rule-consistent outcome	Equity compliance	Equity-rule benchmark	Partial order	Rule-consistent preferred	Rule-based aggregation	Norm-governed context	Rule-optimal	Equity vs outcome	Equity tolerance band	Stable	Institutional / ethical
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Enforcement actions justified by outcome comparisons	Sanctioned outcome state	Relative outcome disparity	Unsanctioned outcome	Partial order	Corrective action preferred	Rule-conditioned	Enforcement context	Corrective optimum	Fairness vs cost	Enforcement margin	Stable	Institutional
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Collective decisions selecting one outcome over another	Multi-agent outcome	Collective welfare assessment	Alternative feasible outcomes	Partial or total order	Socially preferred outcome selected	Voting, weighting, or rule-based	Collective decision context	Social optimum (rule-defined)	Minority loss vs majority gain	Collective acceptability band	Stable	Institutional / ethical
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Voting outcomes choosing among multi-agent outcomes	Outcome selected by vote	Aggregate preference satisfaction	Other ballot options	Ranking or majority order	Higher vote support preferred	Majority or supermajority rule	Electoral or group-choice context	Voting-rule optimum	Preference aggregation conflict	Procedural tolerance	Stable	Institutional
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Rejection of outcomes deemed unacceptable for some agents	Candidate outcome	Acceptability / fairness	Minimum-acceptability standard	Binary acceptable / unacceptable	Avoid harm to affected agents	Veto or threshold rule	Norm-governed interaction context	Satisficing	Inclusion vs efficiency	Veto threshold	Stable	Ethical / institutional
Evaluation	Welfare comparisons across agents	Compensation offered to harmed agents	Post-compensation outcome	Harm mitigation	Uncompensated outcome	Partial order	Compensated state preferred	Additive or rule-based	Remedial / corrective context	Corrective optimum	Compensation cost vs harm reduction	Compensation sufficiency band	Stable	Ethical / institutional

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