Confucius
{"TemplateVersion":1,"WpPageId":189374,"ParentWpPageId":159379,"Slug":"confucius","Title":"Confucius","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/confucius/","Kicker":"Philosopher Profile","DisplayTitle":"Confucius","Deck":"Ancient Chinese teacher from the state of Lu whose account of learning, ritual, humane conduct, music, names, family reverence, and virtuous government became the center of the Confucian tradition.","BackLink":{"Text":"Back to Philosophers","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/"},"ContextCards":[{"Label":"Period","Title":"Ancient History","DateText":"3000 BCE – 499 CE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-ancient-history/"},{"Label":"Era","Title":"Iron Age","DateText":"1200 BCE – 501 BCE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-ancient-history/philosophers-of-the-iron-age/"},{"Label":"Born","Title":"551 BCE","DateText":"","Url":""},{"Label":"Died","Title":"479 BCE","DateText":"","Url":""}],"GeoCards":[{"Label":"Region","Key":"Region:2"},{"Label":"Terra Avita","Key":"TerraAvita:10"},{"Label":"Terra Avita Region","Key":"TerraAvitaRegion:41"},{"Label":"Modern Country","Key":"Country:CHN:10"}],"School":{"Label":"School","Title":"Confucianism","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/schools/confucianism/","Deck":"Classical and later East Asian Ru/Confucian tradition centered on ethical self-cultivation, ritual propriety, family-state order, moral education, humane governance, and canonical interpretation.","Ring":"#000000","TerraRing":"#000000"},"Birthplace":{"Title":"Zou, Lu (near Qufu, Shandong)"},"Images":[{"ImageMasterId":1757,"ImageOrdinal":1,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-01-npm-half-portrait.jpg","Alt":"Half portrait of Confucius","Caption":"Half portrait of Confucius","Description":"A painted half-length portrait shows Confucius with a long beard, folded robe, and identifying inscription in the National Palace Museum album. It belongs because this album leaf gives the gallery a direct, recognizable image of Kongzi.","WpMediaId":261846,"SourcePageUrl":"https://digitalarchive.npm.gov.tw/Collection/Detail/18011?dep=P","SourceImageUrl":"https://iiifod.npm.gov.tw/iiif/2/C2A%2FC2A000329N000000001PAB/full/1000,/0/default.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-01-npm-half-portrait.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1758,"ImageOrdinal":2,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-02-npm-full-length-portrait.jpg","Alt":"Full-length portrait of Confucius","Caption":"Full-length portrait of Confucius","Description":"A full-length album portrait presents Confucius standing in long robes with his hands gathered before him. It belongs because it gives the gallery a second non-Wikimedia visual tradition for Kongzi as the honored teacher.","WpMediaId":261847,"SourcePageUrl":"https://digitalarchive.npm.gov.tw/Collection/Detail/17985?dep=P","SourceImageUrl":"https://iiifod.npm.gov.tw/iiif/2/C2A%2FC2A000330N000000017PAB/full/1000,/0/default.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-02-npm-full-length-portrait.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1759,"ImageOrdinal":3,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-03-met-life-of-confucius-figures.jpg","Alt":"Confucius and attendant from Life of Confucius","Caption":"Confucius and attendant from Life of Confucius","Description":"An open illustrated book shows two robed figures, including an elder teacher figure associated with Confucius. It belongs because the Met object is a Life of Confucius picture book and preserves narrative reception of his teaching life.","WpMediaId":261848,"SourcePageUrl":"https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/60773","SourceImageUrl":"https://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/as/original/CIB20a-d_d1.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-03-met-life-of-confucius-figures.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1760,"ImageOrdinal":4,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-04-met-life-of-confucius-landscape-scene.jpg","Alt":"Landscape scene from Life of Confucius","Caption":"Landscape scene from Life of Confucius","Description":"A woodblock-printed opening shows figures moving through a landscape with Chinese text blocks above the scene. It belongs because it visualizes the later pictorial biography through which Confucius was remembered and taught.","WpMediaId":261849,"SourcePageUrl":"https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/60773","SourceImageUrl":"https://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/as/original/LC-CIB20a_002.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-04-met-life-of-confucius-landscape-scene.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1761,"ImageOrdinal":5,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-05-met-life-of-confucius-architectural-scene.jpg","Alt":"Architectural scene from Life of Confucius","Caption":"Architectural scene from Life of Confucius","Description":"An illustrated opening shows a building, steps, and small robed figures arranged around a narrative setting. It belongs because the Life of Confucius book connects his remembered life to ritual, learning, and public encounters.","WpMediaId":261855,"SourcePageUrl":"https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/60773","SourceImageUrl":"https://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/as/original/LC-CIB20a_004.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-05-met-life-of-confucius-architectural-scene.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1762,"ImageOrdinal":6,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-06-met-life-of-confucius-court-scene.jpg","Alt":"Court scene from Life of Confucius","Caption":"Court scene from Life of Confucius","Description":"A woodblock scene places several figures around an interior or courtyard structure with a text panel above. It belongs because Confucius profile needs narrative material, not only modern statues, to show his received role as teacher and adviser.","WpMediaId":261858,"SourcePageUrl":"https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/60773","SourceImageUrl":"https://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/as/original/LC-CIB20a_008.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-06-met-life-of-confucius-court-scene.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1763,"ImageOrdinal":7,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-07-met-life-of-confucius-audience-scene.jpg","Alt":"Audience scene from Life of Confucius","Caption":"Audience scene from Life of Confucius","Description":"An illustrated opening shows a group of robed figures gathered before an architectural frame. It belongs because Confucius political and ethical teaching was remembered through scenes of instruction, counsel, and ritual encounter.","WpMediaId":261861,"SourcePageUrl":"https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/60773","SourceImageUrl":"https://images.metmuseum.org/CRDImages/as/original/LC-CIB20a_014.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-07-met-life-of-confucius-audience-scene.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1764,"ImageOrdinal":8,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-08-npm-kongzi-temple-stele-rubbing.jpg","Alt":"Rubbing of the Li Zhongxuan Confucius Temple stele","Caption":"Rubbing of the Li Zhongxuan Confucius Temple stele","Description":"A black ink rubbing preserves large seal-script title characters and dense inscription text from a Confucius Temple stele. It belongs because temple inscriptions show the long institutional memory of Confucius at Qufu.","WpMediaId":261862,"SourcePageUrl":"https://digitalarchive.npm.gov.tw/Collection/Detail/2024?dep=P","SourceImageUrl":"https://iiifod.npm.gov.tw/iiif/2/K2D%2FK2D000105N000000000PAA/full/1000,/0/default.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-08-npm-kongzi-temple-stele-rubbing.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1765,"ImageOrdinal":9,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-09-npm-lu-confucius-temple-stele.jpg","Alt":"Rubbing of the Lu Confucius Temple stele","Caption":"Rubbing of the Lu Confucius Temple stele","Description":"A tall stele rubbing shows the inscribed title and weathered black field of Chinese characters. It belongs because it documents early temple commemoration tied to Confucius homeland in Lu.","WpMediaId":261863,"SourcePageUrl":"https://digitalarchive.npm.gov.tw/Collection/Detail/14962?dep=P","SourceImageUrl":"https://iiifod.npm.gov.tw/iiif/2/K2D%2FK2D000108N000000000PAA/full/1000,/0/default.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-09-npm-lu-confucius-temple-stele.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1766,"ImageOrdinal":10,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-10-npm-wenxuan-king-temple-stele.jpg","Alt":"Rubbing of a Wenxuan King temple stele","Caption":"Rubbing of a Wenxuan King temple stele","Description":"A vertical rubbing presents a Song-period stele for the Wenxuan King temple with dark inscription panels and visible mounting. It belongs because imperial and temple titles show how Confucius was honored in later ritual culture.","WpMediaId":261864,"SourcePageUrl":"https://digitalarchive.npm.gov.tw/Collection/Detail/34724?dep=P","SourceImageUrl":"https://iiifod.npm.gov.tw/iiif/2/B2I%2FB2I000262N000000000PAA/full/1000,/0/default.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-10-npm-wenxuan-king-temple-stele.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1767,"ImageOrdinal":11,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-11-qufu-stone-gateway.jpg","Alt":"Stone gateway at Qufu","Caption":"Stone gateway at Qufu","Description":"A stone gateway with red Chinese characters opens into the Qufu heritage complex. It belongs because Qufu is the central place setting for Confucius birthplace, temple, mansion, and cemetery memory.","WpMediaId":261865,"SourcePageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/704/gallery/","SourceImageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0704_0002-360-360-20131203160623.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-11-qufu-stone-gateway.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1768,"ImageOrdinal":12,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-12-qufu-temple-entrance.jpg","Alt":"Entrance to the Qufu Confucius Temple","Caption":"Entrance to the Qufu Confucius Temple","Description":"A red temple entrance with a dark tiled roof and official sign frames the path into the Confucius Temple complex. It belongs because the temple is the major ritual site built around Confucius public memory.","WpMediaId":261866,"SourcePageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/704/gallery/","SourceImageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0704_0003-360-360-20131203162057.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-12-qufu-temple-entrance.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1769,"ImageOrdinal":13,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-13-qufu-temple-hall.jpg","Alt":"Hall at the Qufu Confucius Temple","Caption":"Hall at the Qufu Confucius Temple","Description":"A broad red hall with yellow roof tiles stands inside the Qufu complex with visitors at the entrance. It belongs because the architecture embodies the ritual tradition that kept Confucius central in Chinese civic and educational culture.","WpMediaId":261867,"SourcePageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/704/gallery/","SourceImageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0704_0004-360-360-20131203162117.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-13-qufu-temple-hall.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1770,"ImageOrdinal":14,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-14-qufu-carved-dragon-columns.jpg","Alt":"Carved dragon columns at Qufu","Caption":"Carved dragon columns at Qufu","Description":"Close carved stone columns show dragon reliefs beside painted temple beams. It belongs because the ornamented temple fabric shows the ceremonial honor attached to Confucius across dynastic reception.","WpMediaId":261868,"SourcePageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/704/gallery/","SourceImageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0704_0005-360-360-20131203162138.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-14-qufu-carved-dragon-columns.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1771,"ImageOrdinal":15,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-15-kong-family-mansion-gate.jpg","Alt":"Gate at the Kong Family Mansion","Caption":"Gate at the Kong Family Mansion","Description":"A red gate bearing the mansion sign opens into a courtyard of the Kong family complex. It belongs because the hereditary Kong lineage and mansion are part of the Qufu site tied to Confucius family memory.","WpMediaId":261869,"SourcePageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/704/gallery/","SourceImageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0704_0006-360-360-20131203162159.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-15-kong-family-mansion-gate.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1772,"ImageOrdinal":16,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-16-qufu-temple-courtyard.jpg","Alt":"Courtyard pavilion at Qufu","Caption":"Courtyard pavilion at Qufu","Description":"A small roofed structure stands in a temple courtyard with red walls and visitors nearby. It belongs because it gives a lived spatial view of the Confucius ritual complex rather than another isolated portrait.","WpMediaId":261870,"SourcePageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/704/gallery/","SourceImageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0704_0010-360-360-20140106124912.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-16-qufu-temple-courtyard.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1773,"ImageOrdinal":17,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-17-qufu-hall-with-stone-figures.jpg","Alt":"Qufu hall with stone figures","Caption":"Qufu hall with stone figures","Description":"Stone figures flank a walkway before a red hall in the Qufu heritage area. It belongs because the site preserves the ancestral and ceremonial landscape attached to Confucius and the Kong lineage.","WpMediaId":261871,"SourcePageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/704/gallery/","SourceImageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0704_0011-360-360-20140106124936.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-17-qufu-hall-with-stone-figures.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1774,"ImageOrdinal":18,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-18-qufu-aerial-temple-complex.jpg","Alt":"Aerial view of the Qufu temple complex","Caption":"Aerial view of the Qufu temple complex","Description":"An aerial view shows yellow-roofed temple buildings amid trees and courtyards. It belongs because it situates Confucius memory in the full Qufu complex rather than a single shrine detail.","WpMediaId":261872,"SourcePageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/704/gallery/","SourceImageUrl":"https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0704_0007-1200-630-20131203162349.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-18-qufu-aerial-temple-complex.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1775,"ImageOrdinal":19,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-19-chinese-classics-title-page.jpg","Alt":"Title page of The Chinese Classics","Caption":"Title page of The Chinese Classics","Description":"A scanned title page reads The Chinese Classics and names James Legge translation of Confucius. It belongs because the Legge volume shaped English-language transmission of the Analects.","WpMediaId":261874,"SourcePageUrl":"https://archive.org/details/chineseclassics00confrich","SourceImageUrl":"https://archive.org/download/chineseclassics00confrich/chineseclassics00confrich_jp2.zip/chineseclassics00confrich_jp2%2Fchineseclassics00confrich_0005.jp2&ext=jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-19-chinese-classics-title-page.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":1776,"ImageOrdinal":20,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-20-confucian-analects-opening.jpg","Alt":"Opening page of the Confucian Analects","Caption":"Opening page of the Confucian Analects","Description":"A scanned page headed Confucian Analects begins Book I with translation text beneath. It belongs because Analects is the approved work page and the page visibly anchors that received teaching collection.","WpMediaId":261881,"SourcePageUrl":"https://archive.org/details/chineseclassics00confrich","SourceImageUrl":"https://archive.org/download/chineseclassics00confrich/chineseclassics00confrich_jp2.zip/chineseclassics00confrich_jp2%2Fchineseclassics00confrich_0015.jp2&ext=jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-20-confucian-analects-opening.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":9353,"ImageOrdinal":21,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-00-confucius-1727-jpg.jpg","Alt":"Traditional portrait of Confucius from 1727","Caption":"Traditional portrait of Confucius from 1727","Description":"The image shows a traditional black-and-white portrait of Confucius in formal robes and headdress. It belongs on Confucius's profile as a historical reception portrait of the philosopher.","WpMediaId":319056,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Confucius_1727.jpg","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Confucius_1727.jpg","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-00-confucius-1727-jpg.jpg"},{"ImageMasterId":9354,"ImageOrdinal":22,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-00-confucius-02-png.png","Alt":"Line drawing of Confucius in ceremonial robes","Caption":"Line drawing of Confucius in ceremonial robes","Description":"The image shows a standing line drawing of Confucius wearing ceremonial robes, with Chinese characters above him. It belongs on Confucius's profile as a clear traditional depiction of the philosopher.","WpMediaId":319057,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Confucius_02.png","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Confucius_02.png","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-00-confucius-02-png.png"},{"ImageMasterId":9355,"ImageOrdinal":23,"ImageUrl":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-00-recording-of-precedents-by-john-la-farge-png.png","Alt":"John La Farge mural of scholars recording precedents","Caption":"John La Farge mural of scholars recording precedents","Description":"The image shows a painted scene of robed scholars seated outdoors with long scrolls. It belongs on Confucius's profile as a contextual reception image of the East Asian scholarly tradition of precedent and textual authority associated with Confucian learning, not as a direct likeness.","WpMediaId":319058,"SourcePageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Recording_of_Precedents_by_John_La_Farge.png","SourceImageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Recording_of_Precedents_by_John_La_Farge.png/1920px-Recording_of_Precedents_by_John_La_Farge.png","LocalPath":"Media\\Philosophy\\Images\\Confucius\\confucius-00-recording-of-precedents-by-john-la-farge-png.png"}],"Video":{"Title":"","Iframes":[]},"HasVideo":false,"IdentityFields":[{"Label":"Full Name","Value":"Confucius"},{"Label":"Native Name","Value":"孔子"},{"Label":"Other Names","Value":"Kongzi; Kong Fuzi; Kong Qiu; Zhongni; Master Kong; 孔丘; 仲尼"},{"Label":"Sex","Value":"Male"},{"Label":"Nationality","Value":"Chinese (State of Lu)"},{"Label":"Religion","Value":"Zhou ritual tradition"},{"Label":"Mother","Value":"Yan Zhengzai"},{"Label":"Father","Value":"Shuliang He"}],"MajorWorks":[{"Title":"The Analects","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/confucius/the-analects/","ClassName":"dz-philo__profile-work-card","HasFullText":true,"Copies":["400 BCE","Full text available","The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy."],"CopyItems":[{"Text":"400 BCE","ClassName":"dz-philo__card-copy","Style":""},{"Text":"Full text available","ClassName":"dz-philo__card-copy dz-philo__work-full-text","Style":"font:700 12px/1.4 var(–ui);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6f5613"},{"Text":"The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy.","ClassName":"dz-philo__card-copy","Style":""}],"Text":"The Analects 400 BCE Full text available The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy.","Style":"background:#fff7dc;border-color:rgba(111,86,19,.35)","DataSearch":"the analects 400 bce the received analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of confucian philosophy. eastern thought china (east asia) north china plain & loess belt ethics political philosophy","DataPeriod":"","DataEra":"","DataRegion":"Eastern Thought","DataTerra":"China (East Asia)","DataTerraRegion":"North China Plain & Loess Belt","DataCoreAreas":"Ethics Political Philosophy","DataSchool":"","DataFilterTitle":"The Analects","DataFilterSearch":"The Analects 400 BCE The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy. 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