The Analects
{"WorkMasterId":5492,"WpPageId":261882,"ParentWpPageId":189374,"Slug":"the-analects","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/confucius/the-analects/","RelativeUrl":"theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/confucius/the-analects/","HasFullText":true,"RawHtmlLength":341017,"CleanHtmlLength":284907,"Kicker":"Philosophy Work","Title":"The Analects","Deck":"The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy.","BackLink":{"Text":"Back to Confucius","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/confucius/"},"AuthorCard":{"Label":"Author","Title":"Confucius","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/confucius/","MediaHref":"","ImageSrc":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/confucius-01-npm-half-portrait.jpg","ImageAlt":"Half portrait of Confucius","FilterTerra":"China (East Asia)","ClickText":"Confucius","ClickHref":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/confucius/","Copies":["551 BCE – 479 BCE","Zou, Lu (near Qufu, Shandong)","Ancient Chinese teacher from the state of Lu whose account of learning, ritual, humane conduct, music, names, family reverence, and virtuous government became the center of the Confucian tradition."]},"ContextCards":[{"Label":"Period","Key":"Period:1","Title":"Ancient History","DateText":"3000 BCE – 499 CE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-ancient-history/"},{"Label":"Era","Key":"Era:2","Title":"Iron Age","DateText":"1200 BCE – 501 BCE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-ancient-history/philosophers-of-the-iron-age/"},{"Label":"Composition","Title":"400 BCE","Url":"","DateText":""}],"DateNote":"Displayed year is a proxy ordering date for the received Analects tradition, not a claim that Confucius authored a dated treatise; the public page marks the text as a disciple/follower compilation of sayings and conversations and uses no full-text badge.","GeoCards":[{"Label":"Region","Key":"Region:2"},{"Label":"Terra Avita","Key":"TerraAvita:10"},{"Label":"Terra Avita Region","Key":"TerraAvitaRegion:41"},{"Label":"Modern Country","Key":"Country:CHN:10"}],"OriginalTitle":"論語","Language":"Classical Chinese","DisciplineCards":[{"Label":"Primary Discipline","Key":"Discipline:ethics"},{"Label":"Secondary Discipline","Key":"Discipline:political-philosophy"}],"Tradition":"Classical Confucianism","FullText":{"Title":"Full Text","Copy":"Public-domain full text from Project Gutenberg eBook #24055 .","Url":"","Label":"","Kicker":"","Cards":[]},"CoreThesis":["The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy."],"Classification":{"AlternateTitles":"Lunyu; Analects; Confucian Analects; Sayings of Confucius","KeyConcepts":"ren; li; yi; xiao; junzi; rectification of names; ritual; music; moral cultivation; virtue politics; Heaven","Methodology":"Dialogic sayings, remembered conversations, moral exempla, ritual vocabulary, disciple transmission, philological reception, and classical commentary tradition.","Structure":"The public page presents the received title, proxy ordering date, compilation status, philosophical focus, and evidence boundary without presenting a fake full-text badge."},"Arguments":["The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy."],"Influence":{"InfluencedBy":"Zhou ritual tradition, Duke of Zhou, Book of Documents, Book of Poetry, ancestral rites, Lu court culture, and early Chinese moral-political vocabulary.","InfluenceOn":""},"Significance":["Accepted as the single Confucius work page in this pass with explicit compilation status: the Analects is the received collection of Confucius sayings and conversations transmitted by disciples and followers, not a direct autographed treatise.","The work matters because it gives the received textual center for Confucian ethics, ritual life, moral learning, political example, and the rectification of names."],"EvidenceNote":["Accepted as the single Confucius work page in this pass with explicit compilation status: the Analects is the received collection of Confucius sayings and conversations transmitted by disciples and followers, not a direct autographed treatise."],"MainSections":[{"Kind":"RawSection","Title":"Full Versions","BodyHtml":"\u003cdiv class=\"dz-philo__full-version-grid\"\u003e\n \u003carticle class=\"dz-philo__full-version-card\"\u003e\n \u003cp class=\"dz-philo__full-version-provider\"\u003eProject Gutenberg\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003ch3 class=\"dz-philo__full-version-title\"\u003eProject Gutenberg eBook #24055\u003c/h3\u003e\n \u003cp class=\"dz-philo__full-version-meta\"\u003eHtmlText · Imported\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003ca class=\"dz-philo__full-version-link\" href=\"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/24055\"\u003eOpen full version\u003c/a\u003e\n \u003c/article\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e"},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Core Thesis","Paragraphs":["The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy."]},{"Kind":"FieldSection","Title":"Classification","Fields":[{"Label":"Alternate Titles","Value":"Lunyu; Analects; Confucian Analects; Sayings of Confucius"},{"Label":"Key Concepts","Value":"ren; li; yi; xiao; junzi; rectification of names; ritual; music; moral cultivation; virtue politics; Heaven"},{"Label":"Methodology","Value":"Dialogic sayings, remembered conversations, moral exempla, ritual vocabulary, disciple transmission, philological reception, and classical commentary tradition."},{"Label":"Structure","Value":"The public page presents the received title, proxy ordering date, compilation status, philosophical focus, and evidence boundary without presenting a fake full-text badge."}]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Arguments","Paragraphs":["The received Analects gathers sayings and conversations that make moral cultivation, ritual propriety, humane conduct, correct naming, and virtuous government the center of Confucian philosophy."]},{"Kind":"FieldSection","Title":"Influence","Fields":[{"Label":"Influenced By","Value":"Zhou ritual tradition, Duke of Zhou, Book of Documents, Book of Poetry, ancestral rites, Lu court culture, and early Chinese moral-political vocabulary."},{"Label":"Influence On","Value":"Mencius, Xunzi, Dong Zhongshu, Han classicism, Zhu Xi, Korean and Japanese Confucianism, civil-service education, New Confucianism, and global ethics of ritual and self-cultivation."}]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Significance","Paragraphs":["Accepted as the single Confucius work page in this pass with explicit compilation status: the Analects is the received collection of Confucius sayings and conversations transmitted by disciples and followers, not a direct autographed treatise.","The work matters because it gives the received textual center for Confucian ethics, ritual life, moral learning, political example, and the rectification of names."]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Evidence Note","Paragraphs":["Accepted as the single Confucius work page in this pass with explicit compilation status: the Analects is the received collection of Confucius sayings and conversations transmitted by disciples and followers, not a direct autographed treatise."]},{"Kind":"RawSection","Title":"Full Text","BodyHtml":"\u003cp class=\"dz-philo__section-copy dz-philo__full-text-source\"\u003ePublic-domain full text from \u003ca href=\"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/24055\"\u003eProject Gutenberg eBook #24055\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003carticle class=\"dz-philo__full-text-body\"\u003e\r\n\u003ch1\u003eTHE SAYINGS OF\u003cbr /\u003e\r\nCONFUCIUS\u003c/h1\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ch4\u003eTRANSLATED BY\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ch2\u003eLEONARD A. LYALL\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eLONGMANS, GREEN AND CO.\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ch3\u003eLONDON \u0026middot; NEW YORK \u0026middot; TORONTO\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ch3\u003eLONGMANS, GREEN AND CO. LTD.\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ch4\u003e39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON, E.C.4\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\u003ch4\u003e6 OLD COURT HOUSE STREET, CALCUTTA\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\u003ch4\u003e53 NICOL ROAD, BOMBAY\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\u003ch4\u003e36A MOUNT ROAD, MADRAS\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003ch4\u003eLONGMANS, GREEN AND CO.\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ch4\u003e114 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\u003ch4\u003e221 EAST 20TH STREET, CHICAGO\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\u003ch4\u003e88 TREMONT STREET, BOSTON\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ch3\u003eLONGMANS, GREEN AND CO.\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ch4\u003e480 UNIVERSITY AVENUE, TORONTO\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003eCONTENTS\r\n\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003ctable summary=\"Contents\"\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg f1\"\u003ePage\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"center\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#INTRODUCTION\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eINTRODUCTION\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_vii\"\u003evii\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#NOTE\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eNOTE\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_xiv\"\u003exiv\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"center\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#THE_SAYINGS_OF_CONFUCIUS\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eTHE SAYINGS OF CONFUCIUS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK I\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_1\"\u003e1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK II\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_4\"\u003e4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK III\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_8\"\u003e8\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IV\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK IV\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_13\"\u003e13\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK V\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_16\"\u003e16\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK VI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_22\"\u003e22\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK VII\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_27\"\u003e27\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK VIII\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_33\"\u003e33\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK IX\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_37\"\u003e37\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_X\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK X\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_42\"\u003e42\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_47\"\u003e47\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XII\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_54\"\u003e54\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XIII\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_61\"\u003e61\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XIV\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_67\"\u003e67\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XV\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_75\"\u003e75\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XVI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_81\"\u003e81\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XVII\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_86\"\u003e86\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XVIII\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_92\"\u003e92\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XIX\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_96\"\u003e96\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOK XX\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_101\"\u003e101\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd class=\"tocch\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#INDEX\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eINDEX\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tocpg\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Page_103\"\u003e103\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003c/table\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_vii\" id=\"Page_vii\"\u003e[vii]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"INTRODUCTION\" id=\"INTRODUCTION\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eINTRODUCTION\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius was born in the year 550 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_1_1\" id=\"FNanchor_1_1\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_1_1\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[1]\u003c/a\u003e in the land of Lu, in a\r\nsmall village, situated in the western part of the modern province of\r\nShantung. His name was K\u0027ung Ch\u0027iu, and his style (corresponding to\r\nour Christian name) was Chung-ni. His countrymen speak of him as K\u0027ung\r\nFu-tzu, the Master, or philosopher K\u0027ung. This expression was altered\r\ninto Confucius by the Jesuit missionaries who first carried his fame\r\nto Europe.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eSince the golden days of the Emperors Yao and Shun, the legendary\r\nfounders of the Chinese Empire, nearly two thousand years had passed.\r\nShun chose as his successor Y\u0026uuml;, who had been his chief minister, a man\r\nwhose devotion to duty was such that when engaged in draining the\r\nempire of the great flood\u0026mdash;a task that took eight years to\r\naccomplish\u0026mdash;he never entered his home till the work was done, although\r\nin the course of his labours he had thrice to pass his door. He\r\nfounded the Hsia dynasty, which lasted till 1766 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e The last emperor\r\nof this line, a vile tyrant, was overthrown by T\u0027ang, who became the\r\nfirst ruler of the house of Shang, or Yin. This dynasty again\r\ndegenerated in course of time and came to an end in Chou, or Chou Hsin\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_viii\" id=\"Page_viii\"\u003e[viii]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e(1154-22 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), a monster of lust, extravagance, and cruelty. The\r\nempire was only held together by the strength and wisdom of the Duke\r\nof Chou, or King Wen, to give him his popular title, one of the\r\ngreatest men in Chinese history. He controlled two-thirds of the\r\nempire; but, believing that the people were not yet ready for a\r\nchange, he refrained from dethroning the emperor. In his day \u0027the\r\nhusbandman paid one in nine; the pay of the officers was hereditary;\r\nmen were questioned at barriers and at markets, but there were no\r\ntolls; fishgarths were not preserved; the children of criminals were\r\nsackless. The old and wifeless\u0026mdash;the widower; the old and\r\nhusbandless\u0026mdash;the widow; the old and childless\u0026mdash;the lone one; the young\r\nand fatherless\u0026mdash;the orphan; these four are the people most in need\r\nbelow heaven, and they have no one to whom to cry, so when King Wen\r\nreigned his love went out first to them\u0027 (Mencius, Book II, chapter\r\n5). After his death, his son, King Wu, decided that the nation was\r\nripe for change. He overcame Chou Hsin by force of arms, and, placing\r\nhimself on the throne, became the founder of the Chou dynasty.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn the time of Confucius the Chou dynasty still filled the throne. But\r\nit had long since become effete, and all power had passed into the\r\nhands of the great vassals. The condition of China was much like that\r\nof Germany in the worst days of the Holy Roman Empire. The emperor was\r\npowerless, the various vassal states were independent in all but name,\r\nand often at war one with the other. These states again were\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_ix\" id=\"Page_ix\"\u003e[ix]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003edisintegrated, and their rulers impotent against encroaching\r\nfeudatories. In Confucius\u0027 native state, Lu, the duke was a mere\r\nshadow. The younger branches of his house had usurped all power. Three\r\nin number, they were called the Three Clans. The most important of the\r\nthree was the Chi, or Chi-sun clan, whose chiefs Chi Huan and Chi\r\nK\u0027ang are often mentioned by Confucius. But the power of the Chi, too,\r\nwas ill-secured. The minister Yang Huo overawed his master, and once\r\neven threw him into prison. Nor was the condition of the other states\r\nof the empire better than that of Lu. Confucius thought it worse.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eInto this turbulent world Confucius was born. Though his father was\r\nonly a poor military officer, he could trace his descent from the\r\nimperial house of Yin. Confucius married at nineteen, and is known to\r\nhave had one son and one daughter. Shortly after his marriage he\r\nentered the service of the state as keeper of the granary. A year\r\nlater he was put in charge of the public fields. In 527 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e his\r\nmother died, and, in obedience to Chinese custom, he had to retire\r\nfrom public life. When the years of mourning were over, he did not\r\nagain take office, but devoted himself instead to study and teaching.\r\nAs the years rolled by his fame grew, and a band of pupils gathered\r\nround him. In 517 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e the anarchy in Lu reached such a pitch that\r\nConfucius moved to the neighbouring land of Ch\u0027i. Here he had several\r\ninterviews with the reigning duke, but met with little encouragement\r\n(\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 3). So he soon returned to his native country, and resumed for\r\nfifteen years his work as student and teacher.\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_x\" id=\"Page_x\"\u003e[x]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eDuring these fifteen years the power of the duke sank lower and lower,\r\nand the Chi was menaced by his minister Yang Huo. In times so dark,\r\nmen that loved quiet sought in the world of thought an escape from the\r\ngloom around them, whilst others that were less resigned turned over\r\nin their minds the causes of the realm\u0027s decay. Lao-tzu, the founder\r\nof the mystic Taoist philosophy, taught that in inaction alone peace\r\ncan be found; Mo-tzu proclaimed the doctrine of universal love: that\r\nwe should love all men as we love self, love the parents of others as\r\nwe love our own parents. Upright men were driven or fled from the\r\nworld. Confucius often met them in his wanderings, and was reproved\r\nfor not doing as they did. But his practical mind told him that\r\ninaction could not help the world, and that to find a remedy for the\r\nnation\u0027s ills, their cause must first be learned. This could only be\r\ndone by historical study. He therefore devoted himself to the study of\r\npast times, edited in later life the \u003ci\u003eBook of History\u003c/i\u003e, and compiled\r\nthe work called \u003ci\u003eSpring and Autumn\u003c/i\u003e, a history of his native state\r\nfrom 722 to 481 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e To bring again the golden days of Yao and Shun a\r\nreturn must be made to the principles of Wen and Wu, the kings that\r\nhad rebuilt the empire after tyranny and selfishness had laid it low.\r\nOf impracticable ideals and renunciation of the world no good could\r\ncome.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAt last in 501 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e Yang Huo was forced to flee from Lu, and prospects\r\nbrightened. A year later Confucius was appointed governor of a town.\r\nSo\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_xi\" id=\"Page_xi\"\u003e[xi]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e great was his success as governor that before long he was promoted\r\nto be Superintendent of Works, and then to be Chief Criminal Judge. He\r\nwon great influence with his master, and did much to lighten the\r\ngeneral misery. He so strengthened the power of the duke that\r\nneighbouring states grew jealous. To sow dissension between duke and\r\nminister the men of Ch\u0027i sent the duke a gift of singing girls. Such\r\njoy they gave him that for three days no court was held. On this\r\nConfucius left the land, 497 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eFor the next thirteen years Confucius wandered from land to land,\r\nfollowed by his disciples, seeking in vain for a ruler that was\r\nwilling to employ him, and whom he was willing to serve. At times he\r\nwas exposed to danger, at other times to want. But as a rule he was\r\ntreated with consideration, although his teachings were ignored. Yet\r\nthirteen years of homeless wandering, of hopes deferred and\r\nfrustrated, must have been hard to bear. When he left office Confucius\r\nwas already fifty-three years old, and his life so far seemed a\r\nfailure. The sense of his wasted powers may well have tempted him now\r\nand again to take office under an unworthy ruler; but knowing that no\r\ngood could come of it he refrained, and probably he never seriously\r\nthought of doing so.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn 483 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, when Confucius was sixty-six years old, through the\r\ninfluence of his disciple Jan Yu, who was in the service of the Chi,\r\nthe Master was invited to return to his native land. Here he\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_xii\" id=\"Page_xii\"\u003e[xii]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e remained\r\ntill his death in 479 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e He had many interviews with the reigning\r\nduke and the head of the Chi clan, but gained no influence over either\r\nof them. So he turned once more to his favourite studies; edited the\r\n\u003ci\u003eBook of Poetry\u003c/i\u003e\u0026mdash;perhaps the most interesting collection of ancient\r\nsongs extant\u0026mdash;and wrote \u003ci\u003eSpring and Autumn\u003c/i\u003e. His closing years were\r\ndarkened by the loss of those dearest to him. First his son died, then\r\nYen Y\u0026uuml;an, the disciple whom he loved best. At his death the Master was\r\novercome by grief, and he left none behind him that loved learning.\r\nLastly Tzu-lu, the frank and bold, was killed in battle. A little\r\nlater, in his seventy-first year, Confucius himself passed away, 479\r\n\u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThis book of the Master\u0027s Sayings is believed by the Chinese to have\r\nbeen written by the disciples of Confucius. But there is nothing to\r\nprove this, and some passages in the book point the other way. Book\r\n \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii\u003c/a\u003e speaks of the death of Tseng-tzu, who did not die till 437 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e,\r\nforty-two years after the Master. The chief authority for the text as\r\nit stands to-day is a manuscript found in the house of Confucius in\r\n150 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, hidden there, in all likelihood, between the years 213 and\r\n211 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, when the reigning emperor was seeking to destroy every copy\r\nof the classics. We find no earlier reference to the book under its\r\npresent name. But Mencius (372-289 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e) quotes seven passages from\r\nit, in language all but identical with the present text, as the words\r\nof Confucius. No man ever talked the language of these sayings. Such\r\npith and smoothness is only reached by a long\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_xiii\" id=\"Page_xiii\"\u003e[xiii]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e process of rounding and\r\npolishing. We shall probably come no nearer to the truth than Legge\u0027s\r\nconclusion that the book was put together by the pupils of the\r\ndisciples of Confucius, from the words and notebooks of their masters,\r\nabout the year 400 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"sig\"\u003eLEONARD A. LYALL.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"sig1\"\u003eAMALFI,\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"sig1\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eJanuary, 1909\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_1_1\" id=\"Footnote_1_1\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_1_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[1]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e According to the great historian Ssu-ma Ch\u0027ien. Other\r\nauthorities say, 552 and 551 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_xiv\" id=\"Page_xiv\"\u003e[xiv]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"NOTE\" id=\"NOTE\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eNOTE\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eSuch information as seemed necessary to enable the reader to\r\nunderstand the text, or that appeared to me to be of general interest,\r\nI have given in the notes at the foot of the page. Further details\r\nabout the men and places mentioned in the text will be found in the\r\nIndex.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eDates I have taken from Legge, Hirth and other standard authors.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn Chinese names, consonants are generally pronounced as in English,\r\nvowels as in Italian.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eE\u003c/i\u003e, when not joined with \u003ci\u003ei\u003c/i\u003e, is pronounced nearly as German \u003ci\u003e\u0026ouml;\u003c/i\u003e, or\r\nmuch as \u003ci\u003eu\u003c/i\u003e in English l\u003ci\u003eu\u003c/i\u003eck.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ctable class=\"tb1\" summary=\"Pronunciation\"\u003e\r\n \u003ctr\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tb2\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eao\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003erhymes \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003eapproximately\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003ewith\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tb2\"\u003eh\u003ci\u003eow\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tb2\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eei\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tb2\"\u003eth\u003ci\u003eey\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tb2\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eou\u003c/i\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tb2\"\u003eth\u003ci\u003eough\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n \u003ctr\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tb2\"\u003e\u003ci\u003euo\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd\u003e\u0026quot;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003ctd class=\"tb2\"\u003e p\u003ci\u003eoo\u003c/i\u003er,\u003c/td\u003e\r\n \u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\u003c/table\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003ethe \u003ci\u003eu\u003c/i\u003e being equivalent to \u003ci\u003ew\u003c/i\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eChih\u003c/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eShih\u003c/i\u003e rhyme approximately with \u003ci\u003eher\u003c/i\u003e. \u003ci\u003eTzu\u003c/i\u003e is pronounced\r\nmuch as \u003ci\u003esir\u003c/i\u003e in the vulgar \u003ci\u003eyessir\u003c/i\u003e, but with a hissing sound\r\nprefixed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"THE_SAYINGS_OF_CONFUCIUS\" id=\"THE_SAYINGS_OF_CONFUCIUS\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eTHE SAYINGS OF CONFUCIUS\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_1\" id=\"Page_1\"\u003e[1]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_I\" id=\"BOOK_I\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK I\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Master said, To learn and then do, is not that a pleasure? When\r\nfriends come from afar do we not rejoice? To live unknown and not\r\nfret, is not that to be a gentleman?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Yu-tzu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_2_2\" id=\"FNanchor_2_2\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_2_2\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[2]\u003c/a\u003e said. Few men that are good sons and good brothers are\r\nfond of withstanding those over them. A man that is not fond of\r\nwithstanding those over him and is yet fond of broils is nowhere\r\nfound. A gentleman heeds the roots. When the root has taken, the Way\r\nis born. And to be a good son and a good brother, is not that the root\r\nof love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, Smooth words and fawning looks are seldom found\r\nwith love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. Tseng-tzu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_3_3\" id=\"FNanchor_3_3\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_3_3\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[3]\u003c/a\u003e said, Thrice daily I ask myself: In dealing for\r\nothers, have I been unfaithful? Have I been untrue to friends? Do I\r\npractise what I preach?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. The Master said, To guide a land of a thousand chariots, honour\r\nbusiness and be true; spend little and love men; time thy calls on the\r\npeople.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. The Master said, The young should be dutiful \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_2\" id=\"Page_2\"\u003e[2]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003eat home, modest\r\nabroad, careful and true, overflowing in kindness for all, but in\r\nbrotherhood with love. And if they have strength to spare they should\r\nspend it on the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Tzu-hsia\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_4_1_3\" id=\"FNanchor_4_1_3\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_4_4\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[4]\u003c/a\u003e said, If a man eschews beauty and honours worth, if he\r\nserves his father and mother with all his strength, if he is ready to\r\ngive his life for his lord, and keeps faith with his friends, though\r\nothers may say he has no learning, I must call him learned.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said, A gentleman will not be looked up to unless he is\r\nstaid, nor will his learning be sound. Put faithfulness and truth\r\nfirst; have no friends unlike thyself; be not ashamed to mend thy\r\nfaults.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. Tseng-tzu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_4_4\" id=\"FNanchor_4_4\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_4_4\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[4]\u003c/a\u003e said, Heed the dead, follow up the past, and the soul\r\nof the people will again grow great.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. Tzu-ch\u0027in\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_5_5\" id=\"FNanchor_5_5\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_5_5\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[5]\u003c/a\u003e said to Tzu-kung,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_6_6\" id=\"FNanchor_6_6\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_6_6\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[6]\u003c/a\u003e When he comes to a country the\r\nMaster always hears how it is governed; does he ask, or is it told\r\nhim?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, The Master gets it by his warmth and honesty, by\r\npoliteness, modesty and yielding. The way the Master asks is unlike\r\nother men\u0027s asking.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said, Whilst thy father lives look for his purpose;\r\nwhen he is gone, look how he walked. To change nothing in thy father\u0027s\r\nways for three years may be called pious.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12, Yu-tzu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_7_7\" id=\"FNanchor_7_7\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_7_7\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[7]\u003c/a\u003e said, To behave with ease is the best \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_3\" id=\"Page_3\"\u003e[3]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003epart of courtesy.\r\nThis was the beauty of the old kings\u0027 ways; this they followed in\r\nsmall and great. But knowing this, it will not do to give way to ease,\r\nunchecked by courtesy. This too is wrong.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. Yu-tzu said, If pledges are close to right, word can be kept. If\r\nattentions are close to courtesy, shame will be kept far. If we do not\r\nchoose our leaders wrong, we may worship them too.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, A gentleman that does not seek to eat his fill,\r\nnor look for ease in his home, who is earnest at work and careful of\r\nspeech, who walks with those that keep the Way, and is guided by them,\r\nmay be said to love learning.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. Tzu-kung\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_8_8\" id=\"FNanchor_8_8\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_8_8\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[8]\u003c/a\u003e said, Poor, but no flatterer; rich, but not proud: how\r\nwould that be?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIt would do, said the Master; but better still were poor but merry;\r\nrich, but loving courtesy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, When the poem says:\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eIf ye cut, if ye file,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eIf ye polish and grind,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eis that what is meant?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Now I can begin to talk of poetry to Tz\u0027u. Tell him\r\nwhat is gone, and he knows what shall come.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, Not to be known is no sorrow. My sorrow is not\r\nknowing men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_2_2\" id=\"Footnote_2_2\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_2_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[2]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_3_3\" id=\"Footnote_3_3\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_3_3\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[3]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_4_4\" id=\"Footnote_4_4\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_4_4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[4]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_5_5\" id=\"Footnote_5_5\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_5_5\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[5]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_6_6\" id=\"Footnote_6_6\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_6_6\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[6]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_7_7\" id=\"Footnote_7_7\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_7_7\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[7]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_8_8\" id=\"Footnote_8_8\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_8_8\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[8]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_4\" id=\"Page_4\"\u003e[4]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_II\" id=\"BOOK_II\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK II\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Master said, He that rules by mind is like the north star,\r\nsteady in his seat, whilst the stars all bend to him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. The Master said, The three hundred poems are summed up in the one\r\nline, Think no evil.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, Guide the people by law, aline them by punishment;\r\nthey may shun crime, but they will want shame. Guide them by mind,\r\naline them by courtesy; they will learn shame and grow good.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. The Master said, At fifteen, I had the will to learn; at thirty, I\r\ncould stand; at forty, I had no doubts; at fifty, I understood the\r\nheavenly Bidding; at sixty, my ears were opened\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_9_9\" id=\"FNanchor_9_9\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_9_9\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[9]\u003c/a\u003e; at seventy, I\r\ncould do as my heart lusted without trespassing from the square.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. Meng Yi asked the duty of a son.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Not to transgress.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAs Fan Chi\u0027ih\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_10_10\" id=\"FNanchor_10_10\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_10_10\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[10]\u003c/a\u003e was driving him, the Master said, Meng-sun\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_11_11\" id=\"FNanchor_11_11\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_11_11\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[11]\u003c/a\u003e asked\r\nme the duty of a son; I answered, Not to transgress.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhat did ye mean? said Fan Chi\u0027ih.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTo serve our father and mother with courtesy whilst they live; to bury\r\nthem with courtesy when they die, and to worship them with courtesy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Meng Wu asked the duty of a son.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_5\" id=\"Page_5\"\u003e[5]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, He should not grieve his father and mother by\r\nanything but illness.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Tzu-yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_12_12\" id=\"FNanchor_12_12\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_12_12\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[12]\u003c/a\u003e asked the duty of a son.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, He that can feed his parents is now called a good\r\nson. But both dogs and horses are fed, and unless we honour our\r\nparents, what is the difference?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. Tzu-hsia\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_13_13\" id=\"FNanchor_13_13\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_13_13\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[13]\u003c/a\u003e asked the duty of a son.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Our manner is the hard part. For the young to be a\r\nstay in toil and leave the wine and food to their elders, is this to\r\nfulfil their duty?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. The Master said, If I talk all day to Hui,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_14_14\" id=\"FNanchor_14_14\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_14_14\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[14]\u003c/a\u003e like a dullard, he\r\nnever differs from me. But when he is gone, if I watch him when alone,\r\nhe can carry out what I taught. No, Hui is no dullard!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Master said, See what he does; watch what moves him; search\r\nwhat pleases him: can the man lie hidden? Can the man lie hidden?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said, To keep old knowledge warm and get new makes the\r\nteacher.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. The Master said, A gentleman is not a vessel.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. Tzu-kung\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_15_15\" id=\"FNanchor_15_15\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_15_15\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[15]\u003c/a\u003e asked, What is a gentleman?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, He puts words into deeds first, and follows these up\r\nwith words.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, A gentleman is broad and fair; the small man\r\ntakes sides and is narrow.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, Learning without thought is naught; thought\r\nwithout learning is dangerous.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_6\" id=\"Page_6\"\u003e[6]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, To fight strange doctrines does harm.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. The Master said, Yu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_16_16\" id=\"FNanchor_16_16\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_16_16\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[16]\u003c/a\u003e shall I teach thee what is wisdom? To\r\nknow what we know, and know what we do not know, is wisdom.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. Tsu-chang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_17_17\" id=\"FNanchor_17_17\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_17_17\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[17]\u003c/a\u003e learned with an eye to pay.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Hear much, leave all that is doubtful alone, speak\r\nwarily of everything else, and few will be offended. See much, leave\r\nall that is dangerous alone, deal warily with everything else, and\r\nthou wilt have little to rue. If thy words seldom give offence, and\r\nthy deeds leave little to rue, pay will follow.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. Duke Ai\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_18_18\" id=\"FNanchor_18_18\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_18_18\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[18]\u003c/a\u003e asked, What should I do to win the people?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, Lift up the straight, put away the crooked; and\r\nthe people will be won. Lift up the crooked, put away the straight;\r\nand the people will not be won.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. Chi K\u0027ang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_19_19\" id=\"FNanchor_19_19\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_19_19\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[19]\u003c/a\u003e asked how to make the people lowly, faithful and\r\npainstaking.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Meet them with dignity, they will be lowly; be a good\r\nson and merciful, they will be faithful; lift up the good and teach\r\nthe unskilled, and they will take pains.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. One said to Confucius, Why do ye not govern, Sir?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, What does the Book\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_20_20\" id=\"FNanchor_20_20\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_20_20\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[20]\u003c/a\u003e say of a good son? \u0027To be a\r\ngood son and a friend to thy \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_7\" id=\"Page_7\"\u003e[7]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003ebrothers is to show how to govern.\u0027\r\nThis, too, is to govern. Must one be in office to govern?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, A man without truth, I know not what good he is!\r\nA cart without a crosspole, a carriage without a yoke, how can they be\r\nmoved?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. Tzu-chang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_21_21\" id=\"FNanchor_21_21\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_21_21\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[21]\u003c/a\u003e asked whether we can know what is to be ten\r\ngenerations hence.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, The Yin\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_22_22\" id=\"FNanchor_22_22\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_22_22\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[22]\u003c/a\u003e took over the manners of the Hsia; the\r\nharm and the good that they did them can be known. The Chou took over\r\nthe manners of the Yin; the harm and the good that they did them can\r\nbe known. And we may know what shall be, even an hundred generations\r\nhence, whoever follows Chou.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. The Master said, To worship the ghosts of men not akin to us is\r\nfawning. To see the right and not do it is want of courage.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_9_9\" id=\"Footnote_9_9\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_9_9\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[9]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \u003ci\u003eLit.\u003c/i\u003e, obedient.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_10_10\" id=\"Footnote_10_10\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_10_10\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[10]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_11_11\" id=\"Footnote_11_11\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_11_11\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[11]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Meng Yi.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_12_12\" id=\"Footnote_12_12\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_12_12\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[12]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_13_13\" id=\"Footnote_13_13\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_13_13\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[13]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_14_14\" id=\"Footnote_14_14\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_14_14\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[14]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_15_15\" id=\"Footnote_15_15\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_15_15\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[15]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_16_16\" id=\"Footnote_16_16\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_16_16\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[16]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_17_17\" id=\"Footnote_17_17\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_17_17\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[17]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_18_18\" id=\"Footnote_18_18\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_18_18\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[18]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Of Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_19_19\" id=\"Footnote_19_19\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_19_19\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[19]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The head of the Chi clan.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_20_20\" id=\"Footnote_20_20\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_20_20\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[20]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The Book of History.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_21_21\" id=\"Footnote_21_21\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_21_21\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[21]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_22_22\" id=\"Footnote_22_22\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_22_22\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[22]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Up to the time of Confucius, China had been ruled by\r\nthree lines of kings. First the T\u0027ang, next the Yin or Shang, then the\r\nChou.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_8\" id=\"Page_8\"\u003e[8]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_III\" id=\"BOOK_III\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK III\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Of the Chi having eight rows of dancers\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_23_23\" id=\"FNanchor_23_23\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_23_23\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[23]\u003c/a\u003e in his courtyard,\r\nConfucius said, If this is to be borne, what is not to be borne?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. When the sacrifice was ended, the Three Clans had the Yung hymn\r\nsung.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said,\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003ePrinces and dukes assist.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eSolemn is the Son of heaven;\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003ewhat meaning has this in the courtyard of the Three Clans?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, A man without love, what is courtesy to him? A man\r\nwithout love, what is music to him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. Lin Fang asked what good form is at root.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, A big question! At high-tides, thrift is better than\r\nwaste; at burials, grief is worth more than nicety.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. The Master said, Every wild tribe has its lord, whereas the lands\r\nof Hsia\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_24_24\" id=\"FNanchor_24_24\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_24_24\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[24]\u003c/a\u003e have none!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. The Chi sacrificed to Mount T\u0027ai.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_25_25\" id=\"FNanchor_25_25\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_25_25\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[25]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said to Jan Yu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_26_26\" id=\"FNanchor_26_26\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_26_26\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[26]\u003c/a\u003e Canst thou not stop this?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, I cannot.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAlas! said the Master; dost thou think Mount T\u0027ai less wise than Lin\r\nFang?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_9\" id=\"Page_9\"\u003e[9]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e7. The Master said, A gentleman never strives with others. Or must he,\r\nperhaps, in shooting? But then, as he bows and makes way in going up\r\nor steps down to drink,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_27_27\" id=\"FNanchor_27_27\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_27_27\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[27]\u003c/a\u003e his strife is that of a gentleman.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. Tzu-hsia asked, What is the meaning of:\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eHer cunning smiles,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eHer dimples light,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eHer lovely eyes,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eSo clear and bright,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eAll unadorned,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eThe background white.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eColouring, said the Master, is second to the plain ground.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThen good form is second, said Tzu-hsia.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eShang,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_28_28\" id=\"FNanchor_28_28\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_28_28\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[28]\u003c/a\u003e said the Master, thou hast hit my meaning! Now I can talk\r\nof poetry to thee.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. The Master said, I can speak of the manners of Hsia; but as proof\r\nof them Chi\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_29_29\" id=\"FNanchor_29_29\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_29_29\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[29]\u003c/a\u003e is not enough. I can speak of the manners of Yin; but\r\nas proof of them Sung is not enough. This is due to their dearth of\r\nbooks and great men. If there were enough of these, I could use them\r\nas proofs.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Master said, After the drink offering at the Great Sacrifice,\r\nI have no wish to see more.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. One asked the meaning of the Great Sacrifice.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, I do not know. He that knew the meaning would\r\noverlook all below heaven as I do this\u0026mdash;and he pointed to his palm.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_10\" id=\"Page_10\"\u003e[10]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e12. He worshipped as if those whom he worshipped were before him; he\r\nworshipped the spirits as if they were before him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said: For me, to take no part in the sacrifice is the same\r\nas not sacrificing.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. Wang-sun Chia\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_30_30\" id=\"FNanchor_30_30\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_30_30\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[30]\u003c/a\u003e said, What is the meaning of, It is better to\r\ncourt the hearth-god than the god of the home?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eNot so, said the Master. A sin against Heaven leaves no room for\r\nprayer.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, Chou\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_31_31\" id=\"FNanchor_31_31\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_31_31\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[31]\u003c/a\u003e looks back on two lines of kings. How\r\nrich, how rich it is in art! I follow Chou.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. On going into the Great Temple the Master asked about everything.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eOne said, Who says that the Tsou man\u0027s son knows the rites? On going\r\ninto the Great Temple he asked about everything.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he heard this, the Master said, Such is the rite.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, In shooting, the arrow need not go right through\r\nthe target, for men are not the same in strength. This was the old\r\nrule.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. Tzu-kung wished to do away with the sheep offering at the new\r\nmoon.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Thou lovest the sheep, Tz\u0027u: I love the rite.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_11\" id=\"Page_11\"\u003e[11]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e18. The Master said: Serve the king with all courtesy, men call it\r\nfawning.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. Duke Ting asked how a lord should treat his lieges, and how lieges\r\nshould serve their lord.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, The lord should treat his lieges with courtesy;\r\nlieges should serve their lord faithfully.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. The Master said, The poem \u003ci\u003eThe Osprey\u003c/i\u003e is glad, but not wanton; it\r\nis sad, but not morbid.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. Duke Ai asked Tsai Wo about the earth-altars.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTsai Wo answered, The Emperors of the house of Hsia grew firs round\r\nthem; the men of Yin grew cypress; the men of Chou grew chestnut,\r\nwhich was to say, Let the people tremble.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_32_32\" id=\"FNanchor_32_32\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_32_32\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[32]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eOn hearing this, the Master said, I do not speak of what is ended,\r\nchide what is settled, or find fault with what is past.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_33_33\" id=\"FNanchor_33_33\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_33_33\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[33]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, How shallow was Kuan Chung!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBut, said one, was not Kuan Chung thrifty?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Kuan, said the Master, owned San Kuei, and no one of his household\r\nheld two posts: was that thrift?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAt least Kuan Chung knew good form.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Kings screen their gates with trees; the Kuan, too,\r\nhad trees to screen his gate. When two kings are carousing, they have\r\na stand for \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_12\" id=\"Page_12\"\u003e[12]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003ethe turned-down cups; the Kuan had a turned-down\r\ncup-stand, too! If the Kuan knew good form, who does not know good\r\nform?\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_34_34\" id=\"FNanchor_34_34\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_34_34\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[34]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. The Master said to the Great Master\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_35_35\" id=\"FNanchor_35_35\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_35_35\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[35]\u003c/a\u003e of Lu, We can learn how to\r\nplay music; at first each part in unison; then a swell of harmony,\r\neach part distinct, rolling on to the finish.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. The warden of Yi asked to see Confucius, saying, No gentleman has\r\never come here whom I have failed to see.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe followers took him in.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eOn leaving he said, My two-three boys, why lament your fall? The Way\r\nhas long been lost below heaven! Now Heaven shall make the Master into\r\na warning bell.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said of the music of Shao, It is thoroughly beautiful,\r\nand thoroughly good, too. Of the music of Wu, he said, It is\r\nthoroughly beautiful, but not thoroughly good.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. The Master said, Rank without beauty; ceremony without reverence;\r\nmourning without grief, why should I cast them a glance?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_23_23\" id=\"Footnote_23_23\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_23_23\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[23]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e An Imperial prerogative.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_24_24\" id=\"Footnote_24_24\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_24_24\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[24]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e China.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_25_25\" id=\"Footnote_25_25\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_25_25\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[25]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A prerogative of the Duke of Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_26_26\" id=\"Footnote_26_26\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_26_26\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[26]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple in the service of the Chi.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_27_27\" id=\"Footnote_27_27\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_27_27\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[27]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The loser had to drink a cup of wine.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_28_28\" id=\"Footnote_28_28\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_28_28\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[28]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-hsia.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_29_29\" id=\"Footnote_29_29\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_29_29\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[29]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Chi was the homeland of the House of Hsia, Sung that of\r\nthe House of Yin.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_30_30\" id=\"Footnote_30_30\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_30_30\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[30]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Wang-sun Chia was minister of Wei, and had more\r\ninfluence than his master. The hearth-god ranks below the god of the\r\nhome (the Roman \u003ci\u003elares\u003c/i\u003e), but since he sees all that goes on in the\r\nhouse, and ascends to heaven at the end of the year to report what has\r\nhappened, it is well to be on good terms with him.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_31_31\" id=\"Footnote_31_31\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_31_31\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[31]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The royal house of Chou, which was then ruling China.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_32_32\" id=\"Footnote_32_32\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_32_32\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[32]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \u003ci\u003eTremble\u003c/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003echestnut\u003c/i\u003e have the same sound in\r\nChinese.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_33_33\" id=\"Footnote_33_33\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_33_33\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[33]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e In old times men had been sacrificed at the\r\nearth-altars, and Tsai Wo\u0027s answer might seem to approve the\r\npractice.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_34_34\" id=\"Footnote_34_34\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_34_34\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[34]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Kuan Chung (+ 645 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), a famous man in his day, was\r\nchief minister to the Duke of Ch\u0027i, whom he raised to such wealth and\r\npower that he became the leading prince of the empire. His chief merit\r\nlay in taming the barbarous frontier tribes. The rest of his work was\r\nbuilt upon sand and died with him.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_35_35\" id=\"Footnote_35_35\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_35_35\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[35]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Of music.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_13\" id=\"Page_13\"\u003e[13]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_IV\" id=\"BOOK_IV\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK IV\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Master said, Love makes a spot beautiful: who chooses not to\r\ndwell in love, has he got wisdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. The Master said, Loveless men cannot bear need long, they cannot\r\nbear fortune long. Loving men find peace in love, the wise find profit\r\nin it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, Love alone can love others, or hate others.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. The Master said, A will set on love is free from evil.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. The Master said, Wealth and honours are what men desire; but do not\r\ngo from the Way, to keep them. Lowliness and want are hated by men;\r\nbut do not go from the Way, to escape them.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eShorn of love, is a gentleman worthy of the name? Not for one moment\r\nmay a gentleman sin against love; he must not do so in flurry and\r\nhaste, nor do so in utter overthrow.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. The Master said, I have seen no one that loves love and hates\r\nuncharity. He that loves love will set nothing higher. The hater of\r\nuncharity is so given to love that no uncharity can enter into his\r\nlife. If a man were to give his strength to love for one day, I have\r\nseen no one whose strength would fail him. There may be such men, but\r\nI have not seen one.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. The Master said, A man and his faults are of a piece. By watching\r\nhis faults we learn whether love be his.\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_14\" id=\"Page_14\"\u003e[14]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said, To learn the Way at daybreak and die at eve were\r\nenough.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. The Master said, A knight\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_36_36\" id=\"FNanchor_36_36\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_36_36\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[36]\u003c/a\u003e in quest of the Way, who is ashamed\r\nof bad clothes and bad food, it is idle talking to.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Master said, A gentleman has no likes or dislikes below\r\nheaven. He follows right.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said, The gentleman cherishes mind, the small man\r\ncherishes dirt. Gentlemen trust in the law, the small man trusts in\r\nfavour.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. The Master said, The chase of gain is rich in hate.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. The Master said, What is it to sway a kingdom by courteous\r\nyielding? If we cannot sway a kingdom by courteous yielding, what is\r\nour courtesy worth?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, Care not for want of place; care for thy\r\nreadiness to fill one. Care not for being unknown, but seek to be\r\nworthy of note.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, One line, Shen,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_37_37\" id=\"FNanchor_37_37\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_37_37\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[37]\u003c/a\u003e runs through my Way.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYes, said Tseng-tzu.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the Master had left, the disciples asked what was meant.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTseng-tzu said, The Master\u0027s Way is no more than faithfulness and\r\nfellow-feeling.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, The gentleman is learned in right; the small man\r\nis learned in gain.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_15\" id=\"Page_15\"\u003e[15]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e17. The Master said, At sight of worth, think to grow like it; at\r\nsight of baseness, search thyself within.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Master said, A father or a mother may be gently chidden. If\r\nthou seest they have no will to follow thee, be the more lowly, but do\r\nnot give way; nor murmur at the trouble they give thee.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The Master said, Whilst thy father and mother are living, do not\r\nwander afar. If thou must travel, hold a set course.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. The Master said, He that changes nothing in his father\u0027s ways for\r\nthree years may be called pious.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. The Master said, A father and mother\u0027s years must be borne in\r\nmind; with gladness on the one hand and fear on the other.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, The men of old were loth to speak, for not to\r\nlive up to their words would have shamed them.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. The Master said, We shall seldom get lost if we hold to main\r\nlines.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. The Master said, A gentleman wishes to be slow to speak and quick\r\nto do.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said, A great soul is never friendless: he has always\r\nneighbours.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. Tzu-yu said, Nagging at kings brings disgrace, nagging at friends\r\nestrangement.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_36_36\" id=\"Footnote_36_36\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_36_36\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[36]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \u003ci\u003eShih:\u003c/i\u003e a gentleman entitled to bear arms, not a knight\r\nin armour.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_37_37\" id=\"Footnote_37_37\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_37_37\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[37]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tseng-tzu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_16\" id=\"Page_16\"\u003e[16]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_V\" id=\"BOOK_V\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK V\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Of Kung-yeh Ch\u0027ang the Master said, A girl might be wedded to him.\r\nThough he has been in fetters that was not his crime.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe gave him his daughter to wed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eOf Nan Jung the Master said, When the land keeps the Way he will not\r\nbe neglected; and if the land loses the Way he will escape punishment\r\nand death.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe gave him his brother\u0027s daughter to wed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Of Tzu-chien\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_38_38\" id=\"FNanchor_38_38\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_38_38\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[38]\u003c/a\u003e the Master said, What a gentleman he is! But if\r\nthere were no gentlemen in Lu, where could he have picked it up?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. Tzu-kung asked, And what of me?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThou art a vessel, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhat kind of vessel?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eA rich temple vessel.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. One said, Yung\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_39_39\" id=\"FNanchor_39_39\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_39_39\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[39]\u003c/a\u003e has love, but he is not glib.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, What is the good of being glib? Fighting men with\r\ntongue-craft mostly makes men hate you. Whether love be his I do not\r\nknow, but what is the good of being glib?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. The Master moved Ch\u0027i-tiao K\u0027ai to take office.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, For this I want confidence.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master was pleased.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. The Master said, Forsaken is the Way! I must \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_17\" id=\"Page_17\"\u003e[17]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003etake ship and stem\r\nthe seas; and Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_40_40\" id=\"FNanchor_40_40\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_40_40\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[40]\u003c/a\u003e shall go with me.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Tzu-lu heard this he was glad.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Yu loves daring more than I do, but he is at a loss\r\nhow to take things.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Meng Wu asked whether Tzu-lu had love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI do not know, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe asked again.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eA land of a thousand chariots might give Yu charge of its levies; but\r\nwhether love be his I do not know.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd how about Ch\u0027iu?\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_41_41\" id=\"FNanchor_41_41\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_41_41\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[41]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eA town of a thousand households, a clan of an hundred chariots might\r\nmake Ch\u0027iu governor; but whether love be his I do not know.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd how about Ch\u0027ih?\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_42_42\" id=\"FNanchor_42_42\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_42_42\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[42]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eStanding in the court, girt with his sash, Ch\u0027ih might entertain the\r\nguests; but whether love be his I do not know.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said to Tzu-kung, Which is the better man, thou or\r\nHui\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_43_43\" id=\"FNanchor_43_43\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_43_43\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[43]\u003c/a\u003e?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, How dare I look as high as Hui? When Hui hears one thing,\r\nhe understands ten; when I hear one thing I understand two.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Thou art not his like. Neither art thou his like, nor\r\nam I.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. Tsai Y\u0026uuml;\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_44_44\" id=\"FNanchor_44_44\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_44_44\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[44]\u003c/a\u003e slept in the daytime.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Rotten wood cannot be carved, \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_18\" id=\"Page_18\"\u003e[18]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003enor are dung walls\r\nplastered. Why chide with Y\u0026uuml;?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, When I first met men I listened to their words and\r\ntook their deeds on trust. When I meet them now, I listen to their\r\nwords and watch their deeds. I righted this on Y\u0026uuml;.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Master said, I have met no firm man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eOne answered, Shen Ch\u0027ang.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Ch\u0027ang is passionate; how can he be firm?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. Tzu-kung said, What I do not wish done to me, I likewise wish not\r\nto do to others.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, That is still beyond thee, Tz\u0027u.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. Tzu-kung said, To hear the Master on his art and precepts is\r\ngranted us; but to hear him on man\u0027s nature and the Way of Heaven is\r\nnot.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. Until Tzu-lu could do what he had heard, his only fear was to hear\r\nmore.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. Tzu-kung asked, Why was K\u0027ung-wen called cultured?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, He was quick and loved learning; he was not ashamed\r\nto ask those beneath him: that is why he was called cultured.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, Of the ways of a gentleman Tzu-ch\u0027an had four.\r\nHis life was modest; he honoured those that he served. He was kind in\r\nfeeding the people, and he was just in his calls upon them.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, Yen P\u0027ing was a good friend. The longer he knew\r\nyou, the more attentive he grew.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. The Master said, Tsang Wen lodged his tortoise\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_19\" id=\"Page_19\"\u003e[19]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e with hills on the\r\npillars and reeds on the uprights: was this his wisdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. Tzu-chang said, The chief minister, Tzu-wen, was thrice made\r\nminister without showing gladness, thrice he left office with unmoved\r\nlooks. He always told the new ministers how the old ones had governed:\r\nhow was that?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe was faithful, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBut was it love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI do not know, said the Master: how should this amount to love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Ts\u0027ui murdered the lord of Ch\u0027i, Ch\u0027en Wen threw up ten teams of\r\nhorses and left the land. On coming to another kingdom he said, \u0027Like\r\nmy lord Ts\u0027ui,\u0027 and left it. On coming to a second kingdom he said\r\nagain, \u0027Like my lord Ts\u0027ui,\u0027 and left it: how was that?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe was clean, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBut was it love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI do not know, said the Master: how should this amount to love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. Chi Wen thought thrice before acting.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eOn hearing this the Master said, Twice is enough.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. The Master said, Whilst the land kept the Way Ning Wu showed\r\nwisdom; when his land lost the Way he grew simple. His wisdom we may\r\ncome up to; such simplicity is beyond us.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_45_45\" id=\"FNanchor_45_45\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_45_45\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[45]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_20\" id=\"Page_20\"\u003e[20]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e21. When he was in Ch\u0027en the Master said, Home, I must go home!\r\nZealous, or rash, or finished scholars, my young sons at home do not\r\nknow what pruning they still need!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, Because Po-yi and Shu-ch\u0027i never remembered old\r\nwickedness they made few enemies.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_46_46\" id=\"FNanchor_46_46\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_46_46\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[46]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. The Master said, Who can call Wei-sheng Kao straight? A man begged\r\nhim for vinegar: he begged it of a neighbour, and gave it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. The Master said, Smooth words, fawning looks, and overdone\r\nhumility, Tso Ch\u0027iu-ming thought shameful, and so do I. He thought it\r\nshameful to hide ill-will and ape friendship, and so do I.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. As Yen Y\u0026uuml;an and Chi-lu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_47_47\" id=\"FNanchor_47_47\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_47_47\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[47]\u003c/a\u003e were sitting with him, the Master said,\r\nWhy not each of you tell me thy wishes?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu said, I should like carriages and horses, \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_21\" id=\"Page_21\"\u003e[21]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003eand clothes of light\r\nfur to share with my friends, and, if they spoiled them, not to get\r\nangry.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYen Y\u0026uuml;an said, I should like to make no boast of talent or show or\r\nmerit.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu said, We should like to hear your wishes, Sir.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To give the old folk peace, to be true to friends,\r\nand to have a heart for the young.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. The Master said, It is finished! I have met no one that can see\r\nhis own faults and arraign himself within.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e27. The Master said, In a hamlet of ten houses there must be men that\r\nare as faithful and true men as I, but they do not love learning as I\r\ndo.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_38_38\" id=\"Footnote_38_38\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_38_38\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[38]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple born in Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_39_39\" id=\"Footnote_39_39\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_39_39\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[39]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Chung-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_40_40\" id=\"Footnote_40_40\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_40_40\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[40]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_41_41\" id=\"Footnote_41_41\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_41_41\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[41]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Jan Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_42_42\" id=\"Footnote_42_42\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_42_42\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[42]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Kung-hsi Hua.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_43_43\" id=\"Footnote_43_43\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_43_43\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[43]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_44_44\" id=\"Footnote_44_44\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_44_44\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[44]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tsai Wo.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_45_45\" id=\"Footnote_45_45\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_45_45\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[45]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Ning Wu was minister of the Duke of Wei in the middle of\r\nthe seventh century \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e The duke was driven from his throne and\r\ndeserted by the wise and prudent; but Ning Wu, in his simplicity,\r\nstuck to his master and finally effected his restoration.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_46_46\" id=\"Footnote_46_46\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_46_46\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[46]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Po-yi and Shu-ch\u0027i were sons of the King of Ku-chu.\r\nTheir father left the throne to the younger of the two; but he would\r\nnot supplant the elder, nor would the elder go against his father\u0027s\r\nwishes. So they both retired into obscurity. When King Wu overthrew\r\nthe tyrant Chou (1122 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), they starved to death, rather than live\r\nunder a new dynasty. Of Po-yi Mencius tells us (Book X, chapter 1):\r\n\u0027His eyes would not look on an evil face, his ears would not listen to\r\nan evil sound. He served none but his own lord, he ruled none but his\r\nown people. He came in when there was order, and withdrew when tumults\r\ncame. Where lawless rule showed, or lawless people stayed, he could\r\nnot bear to dwell. To be together with country folk he thought like\r\nsitting in court dress and court cap on dust and ashes. In Chou\u0027s time\r\nhe dwelt by the North Sea shore, waiting for all below heaven to grow\r\nclean. So, hearing the ways of Po-yi, the fool grows honest, and the\r\nweakling\u0027s purpose stands.\u0027\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_47_47\" id=\"Footnote_47_47\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_47_47\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[47]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_22\" id=\"Page_22\"\u003e[22]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_VI\" id=\"BOOK_VI\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK VI\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Master said, Yung\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_48_48\" id=\"FNanchor_48_48\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_48_48\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[48]\u003c/a\u003e might fill the seat of a prince.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd might Tzu-sang Po-tzu? asked Chung-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYes, said the Master; but he is slack.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTo be stern to himself, said Chung-kung, and slack in his claims on\r\nthe people, might do; but to be slack himself and slack with others\r\nmust surely be too slack.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, What Yung says is true.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Duke Ai asked which disciples loved learning.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, Yen Hui\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_49_49\" id=\"FNanchor_49_49\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_49_49\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[49]\u003c/a\u003e loved learning. He did not carry over\r\nanger; he made no mistake twice. Alas! his mission was short, he died.\r\nNow that he is gone, I hear of no one that loves learning.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. When Tzu-hua\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_50_50\" id=\"FNanchor_50_50\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_50_50\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[50]\u003c/a\u003e was sent to Ch\u0027i, the disciple Jan asked for grain\r\nfor his mother.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Give her six pecks.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe asked for more.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Give her sixteen.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eJan gave her eight hundred.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, On his way to Ch\u0027i, Ch\u0027ih\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_51_51\" id=\"FNanchor_51_51\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_51_51\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[51]\u003c/a\u003e was drawn by sleek\r\nhorses and clad in light furs. I have heard that gentlemen help the\r\nneedy, not that they swell riches.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_23\" id=\"Page_23\"\u003e[23]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhen Y\u0026uuml;an Ssu was made governor he was given nine hundred measures of\r\ngrain, which he refused.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eNot so, said the Master: why not take it and give it to thy neighbours\r\nand countryfolk?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. The Master said of Chung-kung, If the calf of a brindled cow be red\r\nand horned, though men be shy to offer him, will the hills and streams\r\nreject him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. The Master said, For three months together Hui\u0027s\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_52_52\" id=\"FNanchor_52_52\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_52_52\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[52]\u003c/a\u003e heart never\r\nsinned against love. The others may hold out for a day, or a month,\r\nbut no more.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Chi K\u0027ang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_53_53\" id=\"FNanchor_53_53\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_53_53\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[53]\u003c/a\u003e asked whether Chung-yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_54_1_54\" id=\"FNanchor_54_1_54\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_54_54\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[54]\u003c/a\u003e was fit to govern.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_54_54\" id=\"FNanchor_54_54\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_54_54\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[54]\u003c/a\u003e is firm; what would governing be to him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd is Tz\u0027u\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_55_55\" id=\"FNanchor_55_55\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_55_55\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[55]\u003c/a\u003e fit to govern?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTz\u0027u is thorough; what would governing be to him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd is Ch\u0027iu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_56_56\" id=\"FNanchor_56_56\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_56_56\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[56]\u003c/a\u003e fit to govern?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eCh\u0027in is clever; what would governing be to him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. The Chi sent to make Min Tzu-ch\u0027ien\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_57_1_57_1\" id=\"FNanchor_57_1_57_1\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_57_57\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[57]\u003c/a\u003e governor of Pi.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eMin Tzu-ch\u0027ien said, Make some good excuse for me. If he sends again I\r\nmust be across the Wen.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. When Po-niu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_57_57\" id=\"FNanchor_57_57\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_57_57\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[57]\u003c/a\u003e was ill the Master asked after him. Grasping his\r\nhand through the window, he said, He is going. It is the Bidding; but\r\nwhy this \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_24\" id=\"Page_24\"\u003e[24]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003eman of such an illness? Why this man of such an illness?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. The Master said. What a man was Hui!\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_58_58\" id=\"FNanchor_58_58\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_58_58\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[58]\u003c/a\u003e A bowl of rice, a gourd of\r\nwater, in a low alley; man cannot bear such misery! Yet Hui never fell\r\nfrom mirth. What a man he was!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. Jan Ch\u0027iu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_59_59\" id=\"FNanchor_59_59\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_59_59\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[59]\u003c/a\u003e said, It is not that I take no pleasure in the\r\nMaster\u0027s Way: I want strength.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, He that wants strength faints midway; but thou\r\ndrawest a line.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said to Tzu-hsia, Study to be a gentleman, not as the\r\nsmall man studies.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. When Tzu-yu was governor of Wu-ch\u0027eng, the Master said, Hast thou\r\ngotten any men?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, I have Tan-t\u0027ai Mieh-ming. He will not take a short cut\r\nwhen walking, and he has never come to my house except on business.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. The Master said, Meng Chih-fan never brags. He was covering the\r\nrear in a rout; but on coming to the gate he whipped his horse and\r\ncried, Not courage kept me behind; my horse won\u0027t go!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, Unless we are glib as the reader T\u0027o and fair as\r\nChao of Sung, escape is hard in the times that be!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, Who can go out except by the door? Why is it no\r\none keeps to the Way?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, Matter outweighing art begets roughness; art\r\noutweighing matter begets pedantry. Matter and art well blent make a\r\ngentleman.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. The Master said, Man is born straight. If \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_25\" id=\"Page_25\"\u003e[25]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003ehe grows crooked and\r\nyet lives, he is lucky to escape.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Master said, He that knows is below him that loves, and he\r\nthat loves below him that delights therein.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The Master said, To men above the common we can talk of higher\r\nthings; to men below the common we must not talk of higher things.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. Fan Ch\u0027ih\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_60_60\" id=\"FNanchor_60_60\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_60_60\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[60]\u003c/a\u003e asked, What is wisdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To foster right among the people; to honour ghosts\r\nand spirits, and yet keep aloof from them, may be called wisdom.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe asked, What is love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To rank the effort above the prize may be called\r\nlove.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. The Master said, Wisdom delights in water; love delights in hills.\r\nWisdom is stirring; love is quiet. Wisdom is merry; love grows old.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, By one revolution Ch\u0027i might grow to be Lu; by\r\none revolution Lu might reach the Way.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. The Master said, A drinking horn that is no horn! What a horn!\r\nWhat a drinking horn!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. Tsai Wo\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_61_61\" id=\"FNanchor_61_61\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_61_61\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[61]\u003c/a\u003e said, If a man of love were told that a man is in a\r\nwell, would he go in after him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Why should he? A gentleman might be got to the well,\r\nbut not trapped into it, He may be cheated, but not fooled.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said, By breadth of reading and \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_26\" id=\"Page_26\"\u003e[26]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003ethe ties of courtesy,\r\na gentleman is kept, too, from false paths.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. The Master saw Nan-tzu.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_62_62\" id=\"FNanchor_62_62\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_62_62\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[62]\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu was displeased.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master took an oath, saying, If I have done wrong, may Heaven\r\nforsake me, may Heaven forsake me!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e27. The Master said, The highest minds cleave to the Centre, the\r\nCommon. They have long been rare among the people.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e28. Tzu-kung said, To treat the people with bounty and help the many,\r\nhow were that? Could it be called love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, What has this to do with love? Must it not be\r\nholiness? Yao and Shun\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_63_63\" id=\"FNanchor_63_63\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_63_63\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[63]\u003c/a\u003e still yearned for this. Seeking a foothold\r\nfor self, love finds a foothold for others; seeking light for itself,\r\nit enlightens others too. To learn from the near at hand may be called\r\nthe clue to love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_48_48\" id=\"Footnote_48_48\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_48_48\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[48]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Chung-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_49_49\" id=\"Footnote_49_49\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_49_49\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[49]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_50_50\" id=\"Footnote_50_50\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_50_50\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[50]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Kung-hsi Hua, or Kung-hsi Ch\u0027ih.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_51_51\" id=\"Footnote_51_51\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_51_51\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[51]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Kung-hei Ch\u0027ih.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_52_52\" id=\"Footnote_52_52\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_52_52\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[52]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_53_53\" id=\"Footnote_53_53\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_53_53\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[53]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The head of the Chi clan after Chi Huan.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_54_54\" id=\"Footnote_54_54\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_54_54\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[54]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_55_55\" id=\"Footnote_55_55\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_55_55\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[55]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_56_56\" id=\"Footnote_56_56\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_56_56\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[56]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Jan Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_57_57\" id=\"Footnote_57_57\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_57_57\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[57]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_58_58\" id=\"Footnote_58_58\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_58_58\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[58]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_59_59\" id=\"Footnote_59_59\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_59_59\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[59]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Jan Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_60_60\" id=\"Footnote_60_60\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_60_60\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[60]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_61_61\" id=\"Footnote_61_61\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_61_61\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[61]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_62_62\" id=\"Footnote_62_62\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_62_62\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[62]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The dissolute wife of Duke Ling of Wei.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_63_63\" id=\"Footnote_63_63\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_63_63\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[63]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Two emperors of the golden age.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_27\" id=\"Page_27\"\u003e[27]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_VII\" id=\"BOOK_VII\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK VII\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Master said, A teller and not a maker, one that trusts and\r\nloves the past; I might liken myself to our old P\u0027eng.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_64_64\" id=\"FNanchor_64_64\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_64_64\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[64]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. The Master said, To think things over in silence, to learn and be\r\nalways hungry, to teach and never weary; is any of these mine?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, Not making the most of my mind, want of\r\nthoroughness in learning, failure to do the right when told it, lack\r\nof strength to overcome faults; these are my sorrows.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. In his free moments the Master was easy and cheerful.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. The Master said, How deep is my decay! It is long since I saw the\r\nDuke of Chou\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_65_65\" id=\"FNanchor_65_65\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_65_65\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[65]\u003c/a\u003e in a dream.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. The Master said, Keep thy will on the Way, lean on mind, rest in\r\nlove, move in art.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. The Master said, From the man that paid in dried meat upwards, I\r\nhave withheld teaching from no one.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said, Only to those fumbling do I open, only for those\r\nstammering do I find the word.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_28\" id=\"Page_28\"\u003e[28]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIf I lift one corner and the other three are left unturned, I say no\r\nmore.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. When eating beside a mourner the Master never ate his fill. On days\r\nwhen he had been wailing, he did not sing.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Master said to Yen Y\u0026uuml;an, To go forward when in office and lie\r\nquiet when not; only I and thou can do that.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu said, If ye had to lead three armies, Sir, whom would ye have\r\nwith you?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eNo man, said the Master, that would face a tiger bare-fisted, or\r\nplunge into a river and die without a qualm; but one, indeed, who,\r\nfearing what may come, lays his plans well and carries them through.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said, If shouldering a whip were a sure road to riches\r\nI should turn carter; but since there is no sure road, I tread the\r\npath I love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. The Master gave heed to abstinence, war and sickness.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. When he was in Ch\u0027i, for three months after hearing the Shao\r\nplayed, the Master knew not the taste of flesh.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI did not suppose, he said, that music could reach such heights.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. Jan Yu said, Is the Master for the lord of Wei?\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_66_66\" id=\"FNanchor_66_66\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_66_66\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[66]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI shall ask him, said Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_29\" id=\"Page_29\"\u003e[29]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHe went in, and said, What kind of men were Po-yi\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_67_67\" id=\"FNanchor_67_67\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_67_67\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[67]\u003c/a\u003e and Shu-ch\u0027i?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWorthy men of yore, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eDid they rue the past?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThey sought love and found it; what had they to rue?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung went out, and said, The Master is not for him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, Eating coarse rice and drinking water, with bent\r\narm for pillow, we may be merry; but ill-gotten wealth and honours are\r\nto me a wandering cloud.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, Given a few more years, making fifty for learning\r\nthe Yi,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_68_68\" id=\"FNanchor_68_68\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_68_68\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[68]\u003c/a\u003e I might be freed from gross faults.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. The Master liked to talk of poetry, history, and the upkeep of\r\ncourtesy. Of all these he liked to talk.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Duke of She asked Tzu-lu about Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu did not answer.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Why didst thou not say, He is a man that forgets to\r\neat in his eagerness, whose sorrows are forgotten in gladness, who\r\nknows not that age draws near?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The Master said, I was not born to wisdom: I loved the past, and\r\nsought it earnestly there.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. The Master never talked of goblins, strength, disorder, or\r\nspirits.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. The Master said, Walking three together I am \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_30\" id=\"Page_30\"\u003e[30]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003esure of teachers. I\r\npick out the good and follow it; I see the bad and shun it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, Heaven begat the mind in me; what can Huan\r\nT\u0027ui\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_69_69\" id=\"FNanchor_69_69\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_69_69\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[69]\u003c/a\u003e do to me?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. The Master said, My two-three boys, do ye think I hide things? I\r\nhide nothing from you. I am a man that keeps none of his doings from\r\nhis two-three boys.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. The Master taught four things: art, conduct, faithfulness and\r\ntruth.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said, A holy man I shall not live to see; enough could\r\nI find a gentleman! A good man I shall not live to see; enough could I\r\nfind a steadfast one! But when nothing poses as something, cloud as\r\nsubstance and want as riches, it is hard indeed to be steadfast!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. The Master angled, but he did not fish with a net; he shot, but\r\nnot at birds sitting.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e27. The Master said, There may be men that do things without knowing\r\nwhy. I do not. To hear much, pick out the good and follow it; to see\r\nmuch and think it over; this comes next to wisdom.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e28. To talk to the Hu village was hard. When a lad was seen by the\r\nMaster, the disciples doubted.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, I allow his coming, not what he does later. Why be so\r\nharsh? If a man cleans himself to come in, I admit his cleanness, but\r\ndo not warrant his past.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_31\" id=\"Page_31\"\u003e[31]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e29. The Master said, Is love so far a thing? I long for love, and lo!\r\nlove is come.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e30. A judge of Ch\u0027en asked whether Duke Chao\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_70_70\" id=\"FNanchor_70_70\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_70_70\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[70]\u003c/a\u003e knew good form.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, He knew good form.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Confucius had left, the judge beckoned Wu-ma Ch\u0027i\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_71_71\" id=\"FNanchor_71_71\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_71_71\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[71]\u003c/a\u003e to him,\r\nand said, I had heard that gentlemen are of no party, but do they,\r\ntoo, take sides? This lord married a Wu, whose name was the same as\r\nhis, and called her Miss Tzu of Wu: if he knew good form, who does not\r\nknow good form?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Wu-ma Ch\u0027i told the Master this he said, How lucky I am! If I go\r\nwrong, men are sure to know it!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e31. When anyone sang to the Master, and sang well, he made him sing it\r\nagain and joined in.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e32. The Master said, I have no more reading than others; to live as a\r\ngentleman is not yet mine.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e33. The Master said, How dare I lay claim to holiness or love? A man\r\nof endless craving, who never tires of teaching, I might be called,\r\nbut that is all.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThat is just what we disciples cannot learn, said Kung-hsi Hua.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e34. When the Master was very ill, Tzu-lu asked leave to pray.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIs it done? said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_32\" id=\"Page_32\"\u003e[32]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt is, answered Tzu-lu. The Memorials say, Pray to the spirits above\r\nand to the Earth below.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Long-lasting has my prayer been.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e35. The Master said, Waste makes men unruly, thrift makes them mean;\r\nbut they are better mean than unruly.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e36. The Master said, A gentleman is calm and spacious; the small man\r\nis always fretting.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e37. The Master\u0027s manner was warm yet dignified. He was stern, but not\r\nfierce; humble, yet easy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_64_64\" id=\"Footnote_64_64\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_64_64\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[64]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e We should be glad to know more of old P\u0027eng, but nothing\r\nis known of him.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_65_65\" id=\"Footnote_65_65\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_65_65\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[65]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Died 1105 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e He was the younger brother of King Wu,\r\nthe founder of the Chou dynasty, as great in peace as the King in war.\r\nHe was so bent on carrying out the old principles of government that\r\n\u0027if anything did not tally with them, he looked up and thought, till\r\nday passed into night, and if by luck he found the answer he sat and\r\nwaited for the dawn\u0027 (Mencius, Book VIII, chapter 20).\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_66_66\" id=\"Footnote_66_66\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_66_66\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[66]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The grandson of Duke Ling, the husband of Nan-tzu. His\r\nfather had been driven from the country for plotting to kill Nan-tzu.\r\nWhen Duke Ling died, he was succeeded by his grandson, who opposed by\r\nforce his father\u0027s attempts to seize the throne.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_67_67\" id=\"Footnote_67_67\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_67_67\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[67]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003eBook V\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 22.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_68_68\" id=\"Footnote_68_68\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_68_68\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[68]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e An abstruse, ancient classic, usually called the Book of\r\nChanges.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_69_69\" id=\"Footnote_69_69\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_69_69\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[69]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e In 495 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c\u003c/span\u003e., during Confucius\u0027s wanderings, Huan T\u0027ui\r\nsent a band of men to kill him; but why he did so is not known.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_70_70\" id=\"Footnote_70_70\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_70_70\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[70]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Duke Chao of Lu (+ 510 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e) was the duke that first\r\nemployed Confucius. It is against Chinese custom for a man to marry a\r\ngirl whose surname is the same as his.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_71_71\" id=\"Footnote_71_71\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_71_71\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[71]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple of Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_33\" id=\"Page_33\"\u003e[33]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_VIII\" id=\"BOOK_VIII\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK VIII\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Master said, T\u0027ai-po\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_72_72\" id=\"FNanchor_72_72\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_72_72\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[72]\u003c/a\u003e may be said to have carried nobility\r\nfurthest. Thrice he refused all below heaven. Men were at a loss how\r\nto praise him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. The Master said, Without good form attentions grow into fussiness,\r\nheed becomes fearfulness, daring becomes unruliness, frankness becomes\r\nrudeness. When gentlemen are true to kinsfolk, love will thrive among\r\nthe people; if they do not forsake old friends, the people will not\r\nsteal.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. When Tseng-tzu lay sick he called his disciples and said, Uncover\r\nmy feet, uncover my arms. The poem says,\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eAs if a deep gulf\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eWere yawning below,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eAs crossing thin ice,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eTake heed how ye go.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eMy little children, I have known how to keep myself unhurt until now\r\nand hereafter.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_73_73\" id=\"FNanchor_73_73\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_73_73\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[73]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. When Tseng-tzu was sick Meng Ching\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_74_74\" id=\"FNanchor_74_74\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_74_74\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[74]\u003c/a\u003e came to ask after him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTseng-tzu said, When a bird is dying his notes are \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_34\" id=\"Page_34\"\u003e[34]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003esad; when man is\r\ndying his words are good. Three branches of the Way are dear to a\r\ngentleman: To banish from his bearing violence and disdain; to sort\r\nhis face to the truth, and to banish from his speech what is low or\r\nunseemly. The ritual of chalice and platter\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_75_75\" id=\"FNanchor_75_75\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_75_75\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[75]\u003c/a\u003e has servitors to see\r\nto it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. Tseng-tzu said, When we can, to ask those that cannot; when we are\r\nmore, to ask those that are less; having, to seem wanting; real, to\r\nseem shadow; when gainsaid, never answering back; I had a friend\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_76_76\" id=\"FNanchor_76_76\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_76_76\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[76]\u003c/a\u003e\r\nonce that could do thus.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Tseng-tzu said, A man to whom an orphan, a few feet high, or the\r\nfate of an hundred towns, may be entrusted, and whom no crisis can\r\ncorrupt, is he not a gentleman, a gentleman indeed?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Tseng-tzu said, The knight had need be strong and bold; for his\r\nburden is heavy, the way is far. His burden is love, is it not a heavy\r\none? No halt before death, is that not far?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said, Poetry rouses us, we stand upon courtesy, music is\r\nour crown.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. The Master said, The people may be made to follow, we cannot make\r\nthem understand.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Master said, Love of daring and hatred of poverty lead to\r\ncrime; a man without love, if he is sorely harassed, turns to crime.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said, All the comely gifts of the Duke of Chou,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_77_77\" id=\"FNanchor_77_77\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_77_77\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[77]\u003c/a\u003e\r\ncoupled with pride and meanness, would not be worth a glance.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_35\" id=\"Page_35\"\u003e[35]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e12. The Master said, A man to whom three years of learning have borne\r\nno fruit would be hard to find.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. The Master said, A man of simple faith, who loves learning, who\r\nguards and betters his way unto death, will not enter a tottering\r\nkingdom, nor stay in a lawless land. When all below heaven follows the\r\nWay, he is seen; when it loses the Way, he is unseen. While his land\r\nkeeps the Way, he is ashamed to be poor and lowly; but when his land\r\nhas lost the Way, wealth and honours shame him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, When out of place, discuss not policy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, In the first days of the music-master Chih how\r\nthe hubbub\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_78_78\" id=\"FNanchor_78_78\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_78_78\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[78]\u003c/a\u003e of the Kuan-ch\u0026uuml; rose sea beyond sea! How it filled the\r\near!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, Of men that are zealous, but not straight; dull,\r\nbut not simple; helpless, but not truthful, I will know nothing.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. The Master said, Learn as though the time were short, like one\r\nthat fears to lose.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Master said, How wonderful were Shun\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_79_1_79\" id=\"FNanchor_79_1_79\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_79_79\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[79]\u003c/a\u003e and Y\u0026uuml;\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_79_2_79\" id=\"FNanchor_79_2_79\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_79_79\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[79]\u003c/a\u003e! To have all\r\nbelow heaven was nothing to them!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The Master said, How great a lord was Yao\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_79_79\" id=\"FNanchor_79_79\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_79_79\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[79]\u003c/a\u003e! Wonderful! Heaven\r\nalone is great; Yao alone was patterned on it. Vast, boundless! Men\u0027s\r\nwords failed them. The wonder of the work done by him! The flame of\r\nhis art and precepts!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_36\" id=\"Page_36\"\u003e[36]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e20. Shun had five ministers, and there was order below heaven.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eKing Wu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_80_80\" id=\"FNanchor_80_80\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_80_80\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[80]\u003c/a\u003e said, I have ten uncommon ministers.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius said, \u0027The dearth of talent,\u0027 is not that the truth? When\r\nY\u0026uuml;\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_81_81\" id=\"FNanchor_81_81\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_81_81\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[81]\u003c/a\u003e followed T\u0027ang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_82_82\" id=\"FNanchor_82_82\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_82_82\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[82]\u003c/a\u003e the times were rich in talent; yet there\r\nwere but nine men in all, and one woman. In greatness of soul we may\r\nsay that Chou\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_83_83\" id=\"FNanchor_83_83\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_83_83\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[83]\u003c/a\u003e was highest: he had two-thirds of all below heaven\r\nand bent it to the service of Yin.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. The Master said, I see no flaw in Y\u0026uuml;. He ate and drank little, yet\r\nhe was lavish in piety to the ghosts and spirits. His clothes were\r\nbad, but in his cap and gown he was fair indeed. His palace buildings\r\nwere poor, yet he gave his whole strength to dykes and ditches. No\r\nkind of flaw can I see in Y\u0026uuml;.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_72_72\" id=\"Footnote_72_72\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_72_72\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[72]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e T\u0027ai-po was the eldest son of the King of Chou. The\r\nfather wished his third son to succeed him, so that the throne might\r\npass later to his grandson, afterwards known as King Wen. To enable\r\nthis plan to be carried out T\u0027ai-po and his second brother went into\r\nexile.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_73_73\" id=\"Footnote_73_73\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_73_73\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[73]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The Chinese say: \u0027The body is born whole by the mother;\r\nit should be returned whole by the son.\u0027\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_74_74\" id=\"Footnote_74_74\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_74_74\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[74]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Chief of the Meng clan, minister of Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_75_75\" id=\"Footnote_75_75\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_75_75\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[75]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e For sacrifice.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_76_76\" id=\"Footnote_76_76\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_76_76\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[76]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Probably Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_77_77\" id=\"Footnote_77_77\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_77_77\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[77]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003eBook VII\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 5.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_78_78\" id=\"Footnote_78_78\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_78_78\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[78]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The last part of the music, when all the instruments\r\nwere played together.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_79_79\" id=\"Footnote_79_79\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_79_79\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[79]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See \u003ca href=\"#INTRODUCTION\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_80_80\" id=\"Footnote_80_80\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_80_80\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[80]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See \u003ca href=\"#INTRODUCTION\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_81_81\" id=\"Footnote_81_81\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_81_81\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[81]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Shun.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_82_82\" id=\"Footnote_82_82\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_82_82\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[82]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Yao.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_83_83\" id=\"Footnote_83_83\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_83_83\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[83]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e King Wen, Duke of Chou.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_37\" id=\"Page_37\"\u003e[37]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_IX\" id=\"BOOK_IX\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK IX\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Master seldom spake of gain, or love, or the Bidding.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. A man of the village of Ta-hsiang said, The great Confucius, with\r\nhis vast learning, has made no name in anything.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the Master heard this, he said to his disciples, What shall I\r\ntake up? Shall I take up driving, or shall I take up shooting? I shall\r\ntake up driving.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, A linen cap is good form; now silk is worn. It is\r\ncheap, so I follow the many. To bow below is good form; now it is done\r\nabove. This is arrogance, so, breaking with the many, I still bow\r\nbelow.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. From four things the Master was quite free: by-ends and \u0027must\u0027 and\r\n\u0027shall\u0027 and \u0027I.\u0027\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. When he was afraid in K\u0027uang,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_84_84\" id=\"FNanchor_84_84\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_84_84\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[84]\u003c/a\u003e the Master said, Since the death\r\nof King Wen, is not the seat of culture here? If Heaven had meant to\r\ndestroy our culture, a later mortal would have had no part in it.\r\nUntil Heaven condemns our culture, what can the men of K\u0027uang do to\r\nme?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. A high minister said to Tzu-kung, The Master must be a holy man, he\r\ncan do so many things!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_38\" id=\"Page_38\"\u003e[38]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, Heaven has, indeed, given him so much that he is almost\r\nholy, and he can do many things, too.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the Master heard this, he said, Does the minister know me?\r\nBecause I was poor when young, I can do many paltry things. But does\r\ndoing many things make a gentleman? No, not doing many does.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eLao said, The Master would say, As I had no post I learned the crafts.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. The Master said, Have I in truth wisdom? I have no wisdom. But when\r\na common fellow emptily asks me anything, I tap it on this side and\r\nthat, and sift it to the bottom.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said, The ph\u0026oelig;nix comes not, the River gives forth no\r\nsign: all is over with me!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. When the Master saw folk clad in mourning, or in cap and gown, or a\r\nblind man, he always rose\u0026mdash;even for the young,\u0026mdash;or, if he was passing\r\nthem, he quickened his step.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. Yen Y\u0026uuml;an heaved a sigh, and said, As I look up it grows higher,\r\ndeeper as I dig! I catch sight of it ahead, and on a sudden it is\r\nbehind me! The Master leads men on, deftly bit by bit. He widens me\r\nwith culture, he binds me with courtesy. If I wished to stop I could\r\nnot until my strength were spent. What seems the mark stands near; but\r\nthough I long to reach it, I find no way.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. When the Master was very ill, Tzu-lu made the disciples act as\r\nministers.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eDuring a better spell the Master said, Yu has long\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_39\" id=\"Page_39\"\u003e[39]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e been feigning.\r\nThis show of ministers, when I have no ministers, whom will it take\r\nin? Will Heaven be taken in? And is it not better to die in the arms\r\nof my two-three boys than to die in the arms of ministers? And, if I\r\nmiss a big burial, shall I die by the roadside?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. Tzu-kung said, If I had here a fair piece of jade, should I hide\r\nit away in a case, or seek a good price and sell it?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eSell it, sell it! said the Master. I tarry for my price.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. The Master wished to dwell among the nine tribes.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_85_85\" id=\"FNanchor_85_85\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_85_85\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[85]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eOne said, They are low; how could ye?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Wherever a gentleman lives, will there be anything\r\nlow?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said. After I came back from Wei to Lu the music was\r\nset straight and each song found its place.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, To serve dukes and ministers abroad and father\r\nand brothers at home; in matters of mourning not to dare to be slack;\r\nand to be no thrall to wine: to which of these have I won?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. As he stood by a stream, the Master said, Hasting away like this,\r\nday and night, without stop!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. The Master said, I have seen no one that loves mind as he loves\r\nlooks.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Master said, In making a mound, if I stop when one more basket\r\nwould finish it, I stop. When \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_40\" id=\"Page_40\"\u003e[40]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003eflattening ground, if, after\r\noverturning one basket, I go on, I go ahead.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The Master said, Never listless when spoken to, such was Hui.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_86_86\" id=\"FNanchor_86_86\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_86_86\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[86]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. Speaking of Yen Y\u0026uuml;an, the Master said, The pity of it! I saw him\r\ngo on, but I never saw him stop!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. The Master said, Some sprouts do not blossom, some blossoms bear\r\nno fruit!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, Awe is due to youth. May not to-morrow be bright\r\nas to-day? To men of forty or fifty, who are still unknown, no awe is\r\ndue.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. The Master said, Who would not give ear to a downright word? But\r\nto mend is better. Who would not be pleased by a guiding word? But to\r\nthink it out is better. With such as are pleased but do not think out,\r\nor who listen but do not mend, I can do nothing.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. The Master said, Put faithfulness and truth first; have no friends\r\nunlike thyself; be not ashamed to mend thy faults.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said, Three armies may be robbed of their leader, no\r\nwretch can be robbed of his will.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. The Master said, Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_87_87\" id=\"FNanchor_87_87\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_87_87\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[87]\u003c/a\u003e is the man to stand, clad in a worn-out\r\nquilted gown, unashamed, amid robes of fox and badger!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eWithout hatred or greed,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eWhat but good does he do?\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBut when Tzu-lu was everlastingly humming these words, the Master\r\nsaid, This is the way towards it, but how much short of goodness\r\nitself!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_41\" id=\"Page_41\"\u003e[41]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e27. The Master said, Erst the cold days show how fir and cypress are\r\nlast to fade.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e28. The Master said, Wisdom has no doubts; love does not fret; the\r\nbold have no fears.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e29. The Master said, With some we can learn together, but we cannot go\r\ntheir way; we can go the same way with others, though our standpoint\r\nis not the same; and with some, though our standpoint is the same our\r\nweights and scales are not.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e30.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eThe blossoms of the plum tree\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eAre dancing in play;\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eMy thoughts are with thee,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eIn thy home far away.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Her thoughts were not with him, or how could he be\r\nfar away?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_84_84\" id=\"Footnote_84_84\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_84_84\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[84]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e During the Master\u0027s wanderings. K\u0027uang is said to have\r\nbeen a small state near Lu which had been oppressed by Yang Huo.\r\nConfucius resembled him, and the men of K\u0027uang set upon him, mistaking\r\nhim for their enemy. The commentators say that the Master was not\r\nafraid, only \u0027roused to a sense of danger.\u0027 I cannot find that the\r\ntext says so.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_85_85\" id=\"Footnote_85_85\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_85_85\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[85]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e In the east of Shantung.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_86_86\" id=\"Footnote_86_86\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_86_86\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[86]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_87_87\" id=\"Footnote_87_87\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_87_87\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[87]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_42\" id=\"Page_42\"\u003e[42]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_X\" id=\"BOOK_X\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK X\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Among his own country folk Confucius wore a homely look, like one\r\nthat has no word to say.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn the ancestral temple and at court his speech was full, but\r\ncautious.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. At court he talked frankly to men of low rank, winningly to men of\r\nhigh rank. When the king was there, he looked intent and solemn.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. When the king bade him receive guests, his face seemed to change\r\nand his legs to bend. He bowed left and right to those beside him,\r\nstraightened his robes in front and behind, and swept forward, with\r\narms spread like wings. When the guest had left, he brought back word,\r\nsaying, The guest is no longer looking.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. As he went in at the palace gate he stooped, as though it were too\r\nlow for him. He did not stand in the middle of the gate, or step on\r\nthe threshold.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he passed the throne, his face seemed to change and his legs to\r\nbend: he spake with bated breath. As he went up the hall to audience,\r\nhe lifted his robes, bowed his back, and masked his breathing till it\r\nseemed to stop. As he came down, he relaxed his face below the first\r\nstep and looked pleased. From the foot of the steps he swept forward\r\nwith arms spread like wings; and when he was back in his seat, he\r\nlooked intent as before.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. When he carried the sceptre, his back bent, as\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_43\" id=\"Page_43\"\u003e[43]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e under too heavy a\r\nburden; he lifted it no higher than in bowing and no lower than in\r\nmaking a gift. His face changed, as it will with fear, and he dragged\r\nhis feet, as though they were fettered.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he offered his present his manner was formal; but at the private\r\naudience he was cheerful.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. The gentleman was never decked in violet or mauve; even at home he\r\nwould not wear red or purple.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn hot weather he wore an unlined linen gown, but always over other\r\nclothes.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWith lamb-skin he wore black, with fawn, white, and with fox-skin,\r\nyellow. At home he wore a long fur gown, with the right sleeve short.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHis nightgown was always half as long again as his body.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn the house he wore thick fur, of fox or badger.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he was not in mourning there was nothing missing from his girdle.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eExcept for sacrificial dress, he was sparing of stuff.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe did not wear lamb\u0027s fur, or a black cap, on a mourning visit.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAt the new moon he always put on court dress and went to court.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. On his days of abstinence he always wore linen clothes of a pale\r\ncolour; and he changed his food and moved from his wonted seat.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. He did not dislike well-cleaned rice or hash chopped small. He did\r\nnot eat sour or mouldy rice, bad fish, or tainted flesh. He did not\r\neat anything that had a bad colour or that smelt bad, or food that\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_44\" id=\"Page_44\"\u003e[44]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\nwas badly cooked or out of season. Food that was badly cut or served\r\nwith the wrong sauce he did not eat. However much flesh there might\r\nbe, it could not conquer his taste for rice. To wine alone he set no\r\nlimit, but he did not drink enough to muddle him. He did not drink\r\nbought wine, or eat ready-dried market meat. He never went without\r\nginger at a meal. He did not eat much.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter a sacrifice at the palace he did not keep the flesh over-night.\r\nHe never kept sacrificial flesh more than three days. If it had been\r\nkept longer it was not eaten.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe did not talk at meals, nor speak when he was in bed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eEven at a meal of coarse rice, or herb broth, or gourds, he made his\r\noffering with all reverence.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. If his mat was not straight, he would not sit down.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. When the villagers were drinking wine, as those that walked with a\r\nstaff left, he left too.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAt the village exorcisms he put on court dress and stood on the east\r\nsteps.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. When sending a man with enquiries to another land, he bowed twice\r\nto him and saw him out.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen K\u0027ang gave him some drugs, he bowed, accepted them, and said, I\r\nhave never taken them; I dare not taste them.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. On coming back from court after his stables had been burnt, the\r\nMaster said, Is anyone hurt? He did not ask about the horses.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. When the king sent him cooked meat, he put\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_45\" id=\"Page_45\"\u003e[45]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e his mat straight, and\r\ntasted it first; when he sent him raw flesh, he had it cooked, and\r\noffered it to the spirits; when he sent him a live beast, he kept it\r\nalive.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he ate in attendance on the king, the king made the offering, he\r\ntasted things first.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he was sick and the king came to see him, he lay with his head to\r\nthe east, with his court dress over him and his girdle across it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen he was called by the king\u0027s bidding, he walked, without waiting\r\nfor his carriage.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. On going into the Great Temple he asked about everything.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. When a friend died, who had no home to go to, he said, It is for\r\nme to bury him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen friends sent him anything, even a carriage and horses, he never\r\nbowed, unless the gift was sacrificial flesh.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. He did not sleep like a corpse. At home he unbent.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eEven if he knew him well, his face changed when he saw a mourner. Even\r\nwhen he was in undress, if he saw anyone in full dress, or a blind\r\nman, he looked grave.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTo men in deep mourning and to the census-bearers he bowed over the\r\ncross-bar.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBefore choice meats he rose with changed look. At sharp thunder, or a\r\nfierce wind, his look changed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. When mounting his carriage he stood straight and grasped the cord.\r\nWhen he was in it, he did not look round, or speak fast, or point.\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_46\" id=\"Page_46\"\u003e[46]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. Seeing a man\u0027s face, she rose, flew round and settled. The Master\r\nsaid, Hen pheasant on the ridge, it is the season, it is the season.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu went towards her: she sniffed thrice and rose.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_88_88\" id=\"FNanchor_88_88\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_88_88\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[88]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_88_88\" id=\"Footnote_88_88\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_88_88\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[88]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e This passage cannot belong here. It is corrupt and\r\nunintelligible.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_47\" id=\"Page_47\"\u003e[47]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XI\" id=\"BOOK_XI\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XI\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Master said, Savages! the men that first went into courtesy and\r\nmusic! Gentlemen! those that went into them later! My use is to follow\r\nthe first lead in both.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. The Master said, Not one of my followers in Ch\u0027en or Ts\u0027ai comes\r\nany more to my door! Yen Y\u0026uuml;an, Min Tzu-ch\u0027ien, Jan Po-niu and\r\nChung-kung were men of noble life; Tsai Wo and Tzu-kung were the\r\ntalkers; Jan Yu and Chi-lu were statesmen; Tzu-yu and Tzu-hsia, men of\r\narts and learning.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, I get no help from Hui.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_89_89\" id=\"FNanchor_89_89\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_89_89\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[89]\u003c/a\u003e No word I say but\r\ndelights him!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. The Master said, How good a son is Min Tzu-ch\u0027ien! No one finds\r\nfault with anything that his father, or his mother, or his brethren\r\nsay of him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. Nan Jung would thrice repeat \u003ci\u003eThe Sceptre White\u003c/i\u003e.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_90_90\" id=\"FNanchor_90_90\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_90_90\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[90]\u003c/a\u003e Confucius\r\ngave him his brother\u0027s daughter for wife.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Chi K\u0027ang asked which disciples loved learning. Confucius answered,\r\nThere was Yen Hui\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_91_91\" id=\"FNanchor_91_91\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_91_91\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[91]\u003c/a\u003e loved learning. Alas! his mission was short, he\r\ndied. Now there is no one.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_48\" id=\"Page_48\"\u003e[48]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e7. When Yen Y\u0026uuml;an died, Yen Lu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_92_92\" id=\"FNanchor_92_92\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_92_92\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[92]\u003c/a\u003e asked for the Master\u0027s carriage to\r\nfurnish an outer coffin.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Brains or no brains, each of us speaks of his son.\r\nWhen Li\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_93_93\" id=\"FNanchor_93_93\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_93_93\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[93]\u003c/a\u003e died he had an inner but not an outer coffin: I would not\r\ngo on foot to furnish an outer coffin. As I follow in the wake of the\r\nministers I cannot go on foot.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. When Yen Y\u0026uuml;an died the Master said, Woe is me! Heaven has undone\r\nme! Heaven has undone me!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. When Yen Y\u0026uuml;an died the Master gave way to grief.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHis followers said, Sir, ye are giving way.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Am I giving way? If I did not give way for this man,\r\nfor whom should I give way to grief?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. When Yen Y\u0026uuml;an died the disciples wished to bury him in pomp.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, This must not be.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe disciples buried him in pomp.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Hui treated me as his father. I have failed to treat\r\nhim as a son. No, not I; but ye, my two-three boys.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. Chi-lu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_94_94\" id=\"FNanchor_94_94\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_94_94\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[94]\u003c/a\u003e asked what is due to the ghosts of the dead?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, When we cannot do our duty to the living, how can we\r\ndo it to the dead?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe dared to ask about death.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWe know not life, said the Master, how can we know death?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_49\" id=\"Page_49\"\u003e[49]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e12. Seeing the disciple Min standing at his side with winning looks,\r\nTzu-lu with warlike front, Jan Yu and Tzu-kung frank and free, the\r\nMaster\u0027s heart was glad.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eA man like Yu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_95_95\" id=\"FNanchor_95_95\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_95_95\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[95]\u003c/a\u003e he said, dies before his day.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. The men of Lu were building the Long Treasury.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eMin Tzu-ch\u0027ien said, Would not the old one do? Why must it be rebuilt?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, That man does not talk, but when he speaks he hits\r\nthe mark.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, What has the lute of Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_96_96\" id=\"FNanchor_96_96\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_96_96\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[96]\u003c/a\u003e to do, twanging at my\r\ndoor?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBut when the disciples looked down on Tzu-lu, the Master said, Yu has\r\ncome up into hall, but he has not yet entered the inner rooms.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. Tzu-kung asked, Which is the better, Shih\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_97_97\" id=\"FNanchor_97_97\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_97_97\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[97]\u003c/a\u003e or Shang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_98_98\" id=\"FNanchor_98_98\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_98_98\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[98]\u003c/a\u003e?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Shih goes too far, Shang not far enough.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThen is Shih the better? said Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eToo far, said the Master, is no nearer than not far enough.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Chi was richer than the Duke of Chou; yet Ch\u0027iu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_99_99\" id=\"FNanchor_99_99\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_99_99\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[99]\u003c/a\u003e became his\r\ntax-gatherer and made him still richer.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_50\" id=\"Page_50\"\u003e[50]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHe is no disciple of mine, said the Master. My little children, ye may\r\nbeat your drums and make war on him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. Ch\u0027ai\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_100_100\" id=\"FNanchor_100_100\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_100_100\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[100]\u003c/a\u003e is simple, Shen\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_101_101\" id=\"FNanchor_101_101\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_101_101\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[101]\u003c/a\u003e is dull, Shih\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_102_102\" id=\"FNanchor_102_102\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_102_102\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[102]\u003c/a\u003e is smooth,\r\nYu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_103_103\" id=\"FNanchor_103_103\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_103_103\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[103]\u003c/a\u003e is coarse.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Master said, Hui\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_104_104\" id=\"FNanchor_104_104\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_104_104\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[104]\u003c/a\u003e is almost faultless, and he is often\r\nempty. Tz\u0027u\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_105_105\" id=\"FNanchor_105_105\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_105_105\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[105]\u003c/a\u003e will not bow to the Bidding, and he heaps up riches;\r\nbut his views are often sound.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. Tzu-chang asked, What is the way of a good man?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, He does not tread the beaten track; and yet he does\r\nnot enter the inner rooms.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. The Master said, Commend a man for plain speaking: he may prove a\r\ngentleman, or else but seeming honest.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. Tzu-lu said, Shall I do all I am taught?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Whilst thy father and elder brothers live, how canst\r\nthou do all thou art taught?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eJan Yu asked, Shall I do all I am taught?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Do all thou art taught.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eKung-hsi Hua said, Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_106_106\" id=\"FNanchor_106_106\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_106_106\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[106]\u003c/a\u003e asked, Shall I do all I am taught? and ye\r\nsaid, Sir, Whilst thy father and elder brothers live. Ch\u0027iu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_107_107\" id=\"FNanchor_107_107\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_107_107\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[107]\u003c/a\u003e\r\nasked, Shall I do all I am taught? and ye said, Sir, Do all thou art\r\ntaught. I am in doubt, and dare to ask you, Sir.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_51\" id=\"Page_51\"\u003e[51]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Ch\u0027iu is bashful, so I egged him on; Yu is twice a\r\nman, so I held him back.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. When the Master was in fear in K\u0027uang, Yen Y\u0026uuml;an fell behind.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, I held thee for dead.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, Whilst my Master lives how should I dare to die?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. Chi Tzu-jan\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_108_108\" id=\"FNanchor_108_108\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_108_108\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[108]\u003c/a\u003e asked whether Chung Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_109_1_109\" id=\"FNanchor_109_1_109\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_109_109\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[109]\u003c/a\u003e or Jan Ch\u0027iu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_110_1_110\" id=\"FNanchor_110_1_110\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_110_110\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[110]\u003c/a\u003e could\r\nbe called a great minister.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, I thought ye would ask me a riddle, Sir, and ye ask\r\nabout Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_109_109\" id=\"FNanchor_109_109\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_109_109\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[109]\u003c/a\u003e and Ch\u0027iu.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_110_110\" id=\"FNanchor_110_110\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_110_110\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[110]\u003c/a\u003e He that holds to the Way in serving his\r\nlord and leaves when he cannot do so, we call a great minister. Now Yu\r\nand Ch\u0027iu I should call tools.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWho are just followers then?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eNor would they follow, said the Master, if told to kill their lord or\r\nfather.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. Tzu-lu made Tzu-kao governor of Pi.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Thou art undoing a man\u0027s son.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu said, What with the people and the spirits of earth and corn,\r\nmust a man read books to become learned?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, This is why I hate a glib tongue.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said to Tzu-lu, Tseng Hsi,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_111_111\" id=\"FNanchor_111_111\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_111_111\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[111]\u003c/a\u003e Jan Yu and Kung-hsi Hua\r\nas they sat beside him, I may be a day older than you, but forget\r\nthat. Ye are wont to say, I am unknown. Well, if ye were known, what\r\nwould ye do?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_52\" id=\"Page_52\"\u003e[52]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu answered lightly. Give me a land of a thousand chariots,\r\ncrushed between great neighbours, overrun by soldiers and searched by\r\nfamine, and within three years I could put courage into it and high\r\npurpose.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master smiled.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhat wouldst thou do, Ch\u0027iu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_112_112\" id=\"FNanchor_112_112\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_112_112\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[112]\u003c/a\u003e? he said.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, Give me a land of sixty or seventy, or fifty or sixty\r\nsquare miles, and within three years I could give the people plenty.\r\nAs for courtesy and music, they would wait the coming of a gentleman.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd what wouldst thou do, Ch\u0027ih\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_113_113\" id=\"FNanchor_113_113\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_113_113\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[113]\u003c/a\u003e?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, I do not speak of what I can do, but of what I should\r\nlike to learn. At services in the Ancestral Temple, or at the Grand\r\nAudience, I should like to fill a small part.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd what wouldst thou do, Tien\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_114_114\" id=\"FNanchor_114_114\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_114_114\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[114]\u003c/a\u003e?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTien stopped playing, pushed his still sounding lute aside, rose and\r\nanswered, My choice would be unlike those of the other three.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhat harm in that? said the Master. Each but spake his mind.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn the last days of spring, all clad for the springtime, with five or\r\nsix young men and six or seven lads, I would bathe in the Yi, be\r\nfanned by the wind in the Rain God\u0027s glade, and go back home singing.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said with a sigh, I side with Tien.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTseng Hsi stayed after the other three had left, and said, What did ye\r\nthink, Sir, of what the three disciples said?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_53\" id=\"Page_53\"\u003e[53]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEach but spake his mind, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhy did ye smile at Yu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_115_115\" id=\"FNanchor_115_115\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_115_115\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[115]\u003c/a\u003e Sir?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eLands are swayed by courtesy, but what he said was not modest. That\r\nwas why I smiled. Yet did not Ch\u0027iu speak of a state? Where would\r\nsixty or seventy, or fifty or sixty, square miles be found that are\r\nnot a state? And did not Ch\u0027ih too speak of a state? Who but great\r\nvassals are there in the Ancestral Temple, or at the Grand Audience?\r\nBut if Ch\u0027ih were to take a small part, who could fill a big one?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_89_89\" id=\"Footnote_89_89\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_89_89\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[89]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_90_90\" id=\"Footnote_90_90\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_90_90\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[90]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The verse runs\u0026mdash;\r\n\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eA flaw can be ground\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eFrom a sceptre white;\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eA slip of the tongue\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eNo man can right.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_91_91\" id=\"Footnote_91_91\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_91_91\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[91]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_92_92\" id=\"Footnote_92_92\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_92_92\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[92]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The father of Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_93_93\" id=\"Footnote_93_93\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_93_93\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[93]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The Master\u0027s son.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_94_94\" id=\"Footnote_94_94\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_94_94\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[94]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_95_95\" id=\"Footnote_95_95\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_95_95\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[95]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu. This prophecy came true. Tzu-lu and Tzu-kao were\r\nofficers of Wei when troubles arose. Tzu-lu hastened to the help of\r\nhis master. He met Tzu-kao withdrawing from the danger, and was\r\nadvised to do the same. But Tzu-lu would not desert the man whose pay\r\nhe drew. He plunged into the fight and was killed.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_96_96\" id=\"Footnote_96_96\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_96_96\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[96]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_97_97\" id=\"Footnote_97_97\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_97_97\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[97]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-chang.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_98_98\" id=\"Footnote_98_98\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_98_98\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[98]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-hsia.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_99_99\" id=\"Footnote_99_99\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_99_99\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[99]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Jan Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_100_100\" id=\"Footnote_100_100\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_100_100\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[100]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Kao Ch\u0027ai\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_101_101\" id=\"Footnote_101_101\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_101_101\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[101]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tseng-tzu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_102_102\" id=\"Footnote_102_102\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_102_102\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[102]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-chang.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_103_103\" id=\"Footnote_103_103\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_103_103\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[103]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_104_104\" id=\"Footnote_104_104\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_104_104\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[104]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Yen Y\u0026uuml;an.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_105_105\" id=\"Footnote_105_105\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_105_105\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[105]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_106_106\" id=\"Footnote_106_106\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_106_106\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[106]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_107_107\" id=\"Footnote_107_107\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_107_107\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[107]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Jan Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_108_108\" id=\"Footnote_108_108\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_108_108\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[108]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The younger brother of Chi Huan, the head of the Chi\r\nclan.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_109_109\" id=\"Footnote_109_109\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_109_109\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[109]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu. He and Jan Yu had taken office under the Chi.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_110_110\" id=\"Footnote_110_110\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_110_110\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[110]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Jan Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_111_111\" id=\"Footnote_111_111\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_111_111\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[111]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple: the father of Tseng-tzu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_112_112\" id=\"Footnote_112_112\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_112_112\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[112]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Jan Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_113_113\" id=\"Footnote_113_113\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_113_113\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[113]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Kung-hsi Hua.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_114_114\" id=\"Footnote_114_114\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_114_114\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[114]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tseng Hsi.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_115_115\" id=\"Footnote_115_115\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_115_115\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[115]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_54\" id=\"Page_54\"\u003e[54]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XII\" id=\"BOOK_XII\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XII\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Yen Y\u0026uuml;an asked, What is love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Love is to conquer self and turn to courtesy. If we\r\ncould conquer self and turn to courtesy for one day, all below heaven\r\nwould turn to love. Does love flow from within, or does it flow from\r\nothers?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYen Y\u0026uuml;an said, May I ask what are its signs?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To be always courteous of eye and courteous of ear;\r\nto be always courteous in word and courteous in deed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYen Y\u0026uuml;an said, Though I am not clever, I hope to live by these words.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Chung-kung asked, What is love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Without the door to behave as though a great guest\r\nwere come; to treat the people as though we tendered the great\r\nsacrifice; not to do unto others what we would not they should do unto\r\nus; to breed no wrongs in the state and breed no wrongs in the home.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eChung-kung said, Though I am not clever, I hope to live by these\r\nwords.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. Ssu-ma Niu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_116_116\" id=\"FNanchor_116_116\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_116_116\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[116]\u003c/a\u003e asked, What is love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Love is slow to speak.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTo be slow to speak! Can that be called love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Can that which is hard to do be lightly spoken?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_55\" id=\"Page_55\"\u003e[55]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e4. Ssu-ma Niu asked, What is a gentleman?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, A gentleman knows neither sorrow nor fear.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eNo sorrow and no fear! Can that be called a gentleman?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said. He searches his heart: it is blameless; so why should\r\nhe sorrow, what should he fear?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. Ssu-ma Niu cried sadly, All men have brothers, I alone have none!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-hsia said, I have heard that life and death are allotted, that\r\nwealth and honours are in Heaven\u0027s hand. A gentleman is careful and\r\ndoes not trip; he is humble towards others and courteous. All within\r\nthe four seas are brethren; how can a gentleman lament that he has\r\nnone?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Tzu-chang asked, What is insight?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Not to be moved by lap and wash of slander, or by\r\nplaints that pierce to the quick, may be called insight. Yea, whom lap\r\nand wash of slander, or plaints that pierce to the quick cannot move\r\nmay be called far-sighted.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Tzu-kung asked, What is kingcraft?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Food enough, troops enough, and the trust of the\r\npeople.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, If it had to be done, which could best be spared of the\r\nthree?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTroops, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd if we had to, which could better be spared of the other two?\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_56\" id=\"Page_56\"\u003e[56]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eFood, said the Master. From of old all men die, but without trust a\r\npeople cannot stand.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. Chi Tzu-ch\u0027eng\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_117_117\" id=\"FNanchor_117_117\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_117_117\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[117]\u003c/a\u003e said, It is the stuff alone that makes a\r\ngentleman; what can art do for him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAlas! my lord, said Tzu-kung, how ye speak of a gentleman! No team\r\novertakes the tongue! The art is no less than the stuff, the stuff is\r\nno less than the art. Without the fur, a tiger or a leopard\u0027s hide is\r\nno better than the hide of a dog or a goat.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. Duke Ai said to Yu Jo,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_118_118\" id=\"FNanchor_118_118\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_118_118\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[118]\u003c/a\u003e In this year of dearth I have not\r\nenough for my wants; what should be done?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYe might tithe the people, answered Yu Jo.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eA fifth is not enough, said the Duke, how could I do with a tenth?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen all his folk have enough, answered Yu Jo, shall the lord alone\r\nnot have enough? When none of his folk have enough, shall the lord\r\nalone have enough?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. Tzu-chang asked how to raise the mind and scatter delusions.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Put faithfulness and truth first, and follow the\r\nright; the mind will be raised. We wish life to what we love and death\r\nto what we hate. To wish it both life and death is a delusion.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eWhether prompted by wealth, or not,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eYet ye made a distinction.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_57\" id=\"Page_57\"\u003e[57]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e11. Ching,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_119_119\" id=\"FNanchor_119_119\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_119_119\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[119]\u003c/a\u003e Duke of Ch\u0027i, asked Confucius, What is kingcraft?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered. For the lord to be lord and the liege, liege, the\r\nfather to be father and the son, son.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTrue indeed! said the Duke. If the lord were no lord and the liege no\r\nliege, the father no father and the son no son, though the grain were\r\nthere, could I get anything to eat?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. The Master said, To stint a quarrel with half a word Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_120_120\" id=\"FNanchor_120_120\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_120_120\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[120]\u003c/a\u003e is\r\nthe man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu never slept over a promise.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. The Master said, At hearing lawsuits I am no better than others.\r\nWhat is needed is to stop lawsuits.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. Tzu-chang asked, What is kingcraft?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To be tireless of thought and faithful in doing.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, Breadth of reading and the ties of courtesy will\r\nkeep us, too, from false paths.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, A gentleman shapes the good in man, he does not\r\nshape the bad in him. The small man does the contrary.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. Chi K\u0027ang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_121_121\" id=\"FNanchor_121_121\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_121_121\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[121]\u003c/a\u003e asked Confucius how to rule.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, To rule is to set straight. If ye give a straight\r\nlead, Sir, who will dare not go straight?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_58\" id=\"Page_58\"\u003e[58]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e18. Chi K\u0027ang being troubled by robbers asked Confucius about it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, If ye did not wish it, Sir, though ye rewarded him\r\nno man would steal.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. Chi K\u0027ang, speaking of kingcraft to Confucius, said, To help those\r\nthat follow the Way, should we kill the men that will not?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, Sir, what need has a ruler to kill? If ye wished\r\nfor goodness, Sir, the people would be good. The gentleman\u0027s mind is\r\nthe wind, and grass are the minds of small men: as the wind blows, so\r\nmust the grass bend.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. Tzu-chang asked, What must a knight be, for him to be called\r\neminent?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, What dost thou mean by eminence?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-chang answered, To be famous in the state and famous in his home.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThat is fame, not eminence, said the Master. The eminent man is plain\r\nand straight, and loves right. He weighs words and scans looks; he\r\ntakes pains to come down to men. And he shall be eminent in the state\r\nand eminent in his house. The famous man wears a mask of love, but his\r\ndeeds belie it. Self-confident and free from doubts, fame will be his\r\nin the state and fame be his in his home.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. Whilst walking with the Master in the Rain God\u0027s glade Fan Ch\u0027ih\r\nsaid to him, May I ask how to raise the mind, amend evil and scatter\r\nerrors?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWell asked! said the Master. Rank thy work\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_59\" id=\"Page_59\"\u003e[59]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e above success, will not\r\nthe mind be raised? Fight the bad in thee, not the bad in other men,\r\nwill not evil be mended? One angry morning to forget both self and\r\nkin, is that no error?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. Fan Ch\u0027ih asked, What is love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To love men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe asked, What is wisdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To know men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eFan Ch\u0027ih did not understand.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Lift up the straight, put by the crooked, and crooked\r\nmen will grow straight.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eFan Ch\u0027ih withdrew, and seeing Tzu-hsia, said to him, The Master saw\r\nme and I asked him what wisdom is. He answered, Lift up the straight,\r\nput by the crooked, and crooked men will grow straight. What did he\r\nmean?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHow rich a saying! said Tzu-hsia. When Shun\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_122_122\" id=\"FNanchor_122_122\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_122_122\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[122]\u003c/a\u003e had all below heaven\r\nhe chose Kao-yao from the many, lifted him up, and the men without\r\nlove fled. When T\u0027ang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_123_123\" id=\"FNanchor_123_123\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_123_123\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[123]\u003c/a\u003e had all below heaven, he chose Yi-yin\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_124_124\" id=\"FNanchor_124_124\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_124_124\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[124]\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_60\" id=\"Page_60\"\u003e[60]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003efrom the many, lifted him up, and the men without love fled.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. Tzu-kung asked about friends.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Talk faithfully to them, and guide them well. If this\r\nis no good, stop. Do not bring shame upon thee.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. Tseng-tzu said, A gentleman gathers friends by culture, and stays\r\nlove with friendship.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_116_116\" id=\"Footnote_116_116\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_116_116\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[116]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_117_117\" id=\"Footnote_117_117\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_117_117\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[117]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Minister of Wei.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_118_118\" id=\"Footnote_118_118\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_118_118\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[118]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple of Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_119_119\" id=\"Footnote_119_119\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_119_119\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[119]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Confucius was in Ch\u0027i in 517 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e The duke was\r\nover-shadowed by his ministers and thought of setting aside his eldest\r\nson.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_120_120\" id=\"Footnote_120_120\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_120_120\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[120]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_121_121\" id=\"Footnote_121_121\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_121_121\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[121]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e On the death of Chi Huan, his brother Chi K\u0027ang set\r\naside Chi Huan\u0027s small son and made himself head of the clan.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_122_122\" id=\"Footnote_122_122\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_122_122\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[122]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e An emperor of the golden age.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_123_123\" id=\"Footnote_123_123\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_123_123\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[123]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The founder of the Shang, or Yin, dynasty.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_124_124\" id=\"Footnote_124_124\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_124_124\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[124]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e T\u0027ang\u0027s chief minister. Yi-yin said, Whomsoever I\r\nserve, is he not my lord? Whomsoever I rule, are they not my people?\r\nHe came in when there was order, and came in too when there were\r\ntumults. He said, When Heaven begat the people, the man that first\r\nunderstood was sent to waken those slow to understand, and the man\r\nthat first woke was sent to waken those slow to wake. I am he that\r\nwoke first among Heaven\u0027s people. With the help of the Way, I shall\r\nwake the people! For man or wife, of all the people below heaven, to\r\nhave missed the blessings of Yao and Shun was the same, he thought, as\r\nif he himself had pushed him into the ditch. The burden he shouldered\r\nwas the weight of all below heaven. (Mencius, Book X, chapter 1.)\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_61\" id=\"Page_61\"\u003e[61]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XIII\" id=\"BOOK_XIII\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XIII\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Tzu-lu asked how to rule.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Go before; work hard.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen asked to say more, he said, Never flag.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. When he was steward of the Chi, Chung-kung asked how to rule.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Let officers act first; overlook small faults, lift\r\nup brains and worth.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eChung-kung said, How shall I get to know brains and worth to lift them\r\nup?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eLift up those thou dost know, said the Master; and those thou dost not\r\nknow, will other men pass by?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. Tzu-lu said, The lord of Wei\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_125_125\" id=\"FNanchor_125_125\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_125_125\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[125]\u003c/a\u003e waits for you, Sir, to govern.\r\nHow shall ye begin?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eSurely, said the Master, by putting names right.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIndeed, said Tzu-lu, that is far-fetched, Sir. Why put them right?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhat a savage Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_126_126\" id=\"FNanchor_126_126\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_126_126\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[126]\u003c/a\u003e is! said the Master. A gentleman is tongue-tied\r\nwhen he does not understand. If names are not right, words do not fit.\r\nIf words do not fit, affairs go wrong. If affairs go wrong, neither\r\ncourtesy nor music thrive. If courtesy and music do not thrive, law\r\nand justice fail. And if law and justice fail them, the people can\r\nmove neither hand nor foot. So a gentleman must be \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_62\" id=\"Page_62\"\u003e[62]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003eready to put names\r\ninto speech and words into deed. A gentleman is nowise careless of his\r\nwords.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. Fan Ch\u0027ih asked to be taught husbandry.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said. An old husbandman knows more than I do.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe asked to be taught gardening.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said. An old gardener knows more than I do.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Fan Ch\u0027ih had gone, the Master said, How small a man! If those\r\nabove love courtesy, no one will dare to slight them; if they love\r\nright, no one will dare to disobey; if they love truth, no one will\r\ndare to hide the heart. Then, from the four corners of the earth, folk\r\nwill gather with their children on their backs; and what need will\r\nthere be for husbandry?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. The Master said, Though a man have conned three hundred poems, if\r\nhe stands helpless when put to govern, if he cannot answer for himself\r\nwhen he is sent to the four corners of the earth, many as they are,\r\nwhat have they done for him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. The Master said, The man of upright life is obeyed before he\r\nspeaks; commands even go unheeded when the life is crooked.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. The Master said, The governments of Lu and Wei are brothers.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. Speaking of Ching, of the ducal house of Wei, the Master said, He\r\nwas wise in his private life. When he had begun to save, he said, This\r\nseems enough. When he grew better off, he said, This seems\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_63\" id=\"Page_63\"\u003e[63]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e plenty.\r\nWhen he had grown rich, he said. This seems splendour.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. When Jan Yu was driving him to Wei, the Master said. What numbers!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eJan Yu said, Since numbers are here, what next is needed?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWealth, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd what comes next after wealth?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTeaching, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Master said, If I were employed for a twelve-month, much could\r\nbe done. In three years all would be ended.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said, If good men were to govern a land for an hundred\r\nyears, cruelty would be conquered and putting to death done away with.\r\nHow true are these words!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. The Master said, Even if a king were to govern, a lifetime would\r\npass before love dawned!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. The Master said, What is governing to a man that can rule himself?\r\nIf he cannot rule himself, how shall he rule others?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. As the disciple Jan\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_127_127\" id=\"FNanchor_127_127\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_127_127\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[127]\u003c/a\u003e came back from court, the Master said to\r\nhim. Why so late?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI had business of state, he answered.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHousehold business, said the Master. If it had been business of state,\r\nthough I am out of office, I should have heard of it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. Duke Ting asked, Is there any one saying that can bless a kingdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_64\" id=\"Page_64\"\u003e[64]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, That is more than words can do. But men have a\r\nsaying, To be lord is hard and to be minister is not easy. And if one\r\nknew how hard it is to be lord, might not this one saying almost bless\r\na kingdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd is there any one saying that can wreck a kingdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThat is more than words can do, Confucius answered. But men have a\r\nsaying, My only delight in being lord is that no one withstands what I\r\nsay. Now if what he says is good, and no one withstands him, is not\r\nthat good too? But if it is not good, and no one withstands him, might\r\nnot this one saying almost wreck a kingdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Duke of She asked, What is kingcraft?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master answered, For those near us to be happy and those far off\r\nto come.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. When he was governor of Ch\u0026uuml;-fu, Tzu-hsia asked how to rule.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Be not eager for haste; look not for small gains.\r\nNothing done in haste is thorough, and looking for small gains big\r\nthings are left undone.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Duke of She told Confucius, Among the upright men of my clan\r\nif the father steals a sheep his son bears witness.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, Our clan\u0027s uprightness is unlike that. The father\r\nscreens his son and the son screens his father. There is uprightness\r\nin this.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. Fan Ch\u0027ih asked, What is love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To be humble at home, earnest\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_65\" id=\"Page_65\"\u003e[65]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e at work, and faithful\r\nto all. Even among wild tribes none of this must be dropped.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. Tzu-kung asked, What is it that we call knighthood?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To be called a knight, a man must be shamefast in all\r\nthat he does, if he is sent to the four corners of the earth he must\r\nnot disgrace his lord\u0027s commands.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eMay I ask who would come next?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe that his clansmen call a good son and his neighbours call modest.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd who would come next?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eA man that clings to his word and sticks to his course, a flinty\r\nlittle fellow, would perhaps come next.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd how are the crown servants of to-day?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhat! The weights and measures men! said the Master. Are they worth\r\nreckoning?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. The Master said, As I cannot get men of the middle way I have to\r\nfall back on zealous and austere men. Zealous men push ahead and take\r\nthings up, and there are things that austere men will not do.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, The men of the south have a saying, \u0027Unless he is\r\nstable a man will make neither a wizard nor a leech.\u0027 This is true.\r\n\u0027His instability of mind may disgrace him.\u0027\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Neglect of the omens, that is all.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. The Master said, Gentlemen unite, but are not the same. Small men\r\nare all the same, but each for himself.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. Tzu-kung said, If the whole countryside loved a man, how would\r\nthat be?\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_66\" id=\"Page_66\"\u003e[66]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIt would not do, said the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd how would it be, if the whole countryside hated him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIt would not do, said the Master. It would be better if all the good\r\nmen of the countryside loved him and all the bad men hated him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said, A gentleman is easy to serve and hard to please.\r\nIf we go from the Way to please him, he is not pleased; but his\r\ncommands are measured to the man. A small man is hard to serve and\r\neasy to please. Though we go from the Way to please him, he is\r\npleased; but he expects everything of his men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. The Master said, A gentleman is high-minded, not proud; the small\r\nman is proud, but not high-minded.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e27. The Master said, Strength and courage, simplicity and modesty are\r\nakin to love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e28. Tzu-lu asked, When can a man be called a knight?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To be earnest, encouraging and kind may be called\r\nknighthood: earnest and encouraging with his friends, and kind to his\r\nbrothers.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e29. The Master said, If a good man taught the people for seven years,\r\nthey would be fit to bear arms too.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e30. The Master said, To take untaught men to war is called throwing\r\nthem away.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_125_125\" id=\"Footnote_125_125\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_125_125\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[125]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003eBook VII\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 14. Tzu-lu was his officer.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_126_126\" id=\"Footnote_126_126\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_126_126\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[126]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_127_127\" id=\"Footnote_127_127\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_127_127\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[127]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Jan Yu. He was in the service of the Chi, not of the\r\nDuke of Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_67\" id=\"Page_67\"\u003e[67]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XIV\" id=\"BOOK_XIV\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XIV\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Hsien\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_128_128\" id=\"FNanchor_128_128\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_128_128\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[128]\u003c/a\u003e asked, What is shame?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To draw pay when the land keeps the Way and to draw\r\npay when it has lost the Way, is shame.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. To eschew strife and bragging, spite and greed, would that be love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, That may be hard to do; but I do not know that it is\r\nlove.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, A knight that is fond of ease does not amount to a\r\nknight.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. The Master said, Whilst the land keeps the Way, be fearless of\r\nspeech and fearless in deed; when the land has lost the Way, be\r\nfearless in deed but soft of speech.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. The Master said, A man of mind can always talk, but talkers are not\r\nalways men of mind. Love is always bold, though boldness is found\r\nwithout love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Nan-kung Kuo said to Confucius, Yi\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_129_129\" id=\"FNanchor_129_129\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_129_129\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[129]\u003c/a\u003e shot well, Ao pushed a boat\r\nover land: each died before his time. Y\u0026uuml; and Chi toiled at their\r\ncrops, and had all below heaven.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master did not answer. But when Nan-kung Kuo had gone, he said,\r\nWhat a gentleman he is! How he honours mind!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_68\" id=\"Page_68\"\u003e[68]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e7. The Master said, Alas! there have been gentlemen without love! But\r\nthere has never been a small man that was not wanting in love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said, Can he love thee that never tasks thee? Can he be\r\nfaithful that never chides?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. The Master said, The decrees were drafted by P\u0027i Shen, criticised\r\nby Shih-shu, polished by the Foreign Minister Tzu-y\u0026uuml;, and given the\r\nfinal touches by Tzu-ch\u0027an of Tung-li.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. When he was asked what he thought of Tzu-ch\u0027an, the Master said, A\r\nkind-hearted man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAsked what he thought of Tzu-hsi, the Master said, Of him! What I\r\nthink of him!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAsked what he thought of Kuan Chung,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_130_130\" id=\"FNanchor_130_130\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_130_130\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[130]\u003c/a\u003e the Master said, He was the\r\nman that drove the Po from the town of Pien with its three hundred\r\nhouseholds to end his days on coarse rice, without his muttering a\r\nword.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said, Not to grumble at being poor is hard, not to be\r\nproud of wealth is easy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. The Master said, Meng Kung-ch\u0027o is more than fit to be steward of\r\nChao or Wei, but he could not be minister of T\u0027eng or Hsieh.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. Tzu-lu asked what would make a full-grown man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, The wisdom of Tsang Wu-chung, Kung-ch\u0027o\u0027s lack of\r\ngreed, Chuang of Pien\u0027s boldness and the skill of Jan Ch\u0027iu, graced by\r\ncourtesy and music, might make a full-grown man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBut now, he said, who asks the like of a full-grown \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_69\" id=\"Page_69\"\u003e[69]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003eman? He that in\r\nsight of gain thinks of right, who when danger looms stakes his life,\r\nwho, though the bond be old, does not forget what he has been saying\r\nall his life, might make a full-grown man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. Speaking of Kung-shu Wen, the Master said to Kung-ming Chia, Is it\r\ntrue that thy master does not speak, nor laugh, nor take a gift?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eKung-ming Chia answered, That is saying too much. My master only\r\nspeaks when the time comes, so no one tires of his speaking; he only\r\nlaughs when he is merry, so no one tires of his laughter; he only\r\ntakes when it is right to take, so no one tires of his taking.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIt may be so, said the Master; but is it?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, When he held Fang and asked Lu to appoint an\r\nheir, though Tsang Wu-chung said he was not forcing his lord, I do not\r\nbelieve it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, Duke Wen of Chin was deep, but dishonest; Duke\r\nHuan of Ch\u0027i was honest, but shallow.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. Tzu-lu said, When Duke Huan slew the young duke Chiu, and Shao Hu\r\ndied with him, but Kuan Chung did not, was not this want of love?\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_131_131\" id=\"FNanchor_131_131\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_131_131\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[131]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_70\" id=\"Page_70\"\u003e[70]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Duke Huan gathered the great vassals round him, not\r\nby chariots of war, but through the might of Kuan Chung. What can love\r\ndo more? What can love do more?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. Tzu-kung said, When Duke Huan slew the young duke Chiu, and Kuan\r\nChung could not face death and even became his minister, surely he\r\nshowed want of love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, By Kuan Chung helping Duke Huan to put down the great\r\nvassals and make all below heaven one, men have fared the better from\r\nthat day to this. But for Kuan Chung our hair would hang down our\r\nbacks and our coats would button to the left; or should he, like the\r\nbumpkin and his lass, their troth to keep, have drowned in a ditch,\r\nunknown to anyone?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The minister Hsien, who had been steward to Kung-shu Wen, went to\r\naudience of the Duke together with Wen.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the Master heard of it, he said, He is rightly called Wen\r\n(well-bred).\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. The Master spake of Ling Duke of Wei\u0027s contempt for the Way.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eK\u0027ang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_132_132\" id=\"FNanchor_132_132\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_132_132\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[132]\u003c/a\u003e said, If this be so, how does he escape ruin?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, With Chung-shu Y\u0026uuml; in charge of the guests, the\r\nreader T\u0027o in charge of the Ancestral Temple, and Wang-sun Chia in\r\ncharge of the troops, how should he come to ruin?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. The Master said, When words are unblushing, they are hard to make\r\ngood.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_71\" id=\"Page_71\"\u003e[71]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e22. Ch\u0027en Ch\u0027eng murdered Duke Chien.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_133_133\" id=\"FNanchor_133_133\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_133_133\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[133]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius bathed, and went to court and told Duke Ai, saying, Ch\u0027en\r\nHeng has murdered his lord: pray, punish him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Duke said, Tell the three chiefs.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius said, As I follow in the wake of the ministers, I dared not\r\nleave this untold; but the lord says, Tell the three chiefs.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe told the three chiefs. It did no good.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius said, As I follow in the wake of the ministers, I dared not\r\nleave this untold.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. Tzu-lu asked how to serve a lord.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Never cheat him; stand up to him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. The Master said, A gentleman\u0027s life leads upwards; the small man\u0027s\r\nlife leads down.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said, The men of old learned for their own sake; to-day\r\nmen learn for show.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. Ch\u0027\u0026uuml; Po-y\u0026uuml; sent a man to Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAs they sat together, Confucius asked him, What does your master do?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, My master wishes to make his faults fewer, but cannot.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the messenger had left, the Master said, A messenger, a messenger\r\nindeed!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e27. The Master said, When not in office discuss not policy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_72\" id=\"Page_72\"\u003e[72]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e28. Tseng-tzu said, Even in his thoughts, a gentleman does not outstep\r\nhis place.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e29. The Master said, A gentleman is shamefast of speech: his deeds go\r\nfurther.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e30. The Master said, In the way of the gentleman there are three\r\nthings that I cannot achieve. Love is never troubled; wisdom has no\r\ndoubts; courage is without fear.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThat is what ye say, Sir, said Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e31. Tzu-kung would liken this man to that.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, What talents Tz\u0027u has! Now I have no time for this.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e32. The Master said, Sorrow not at being unknown; sorrow for thine own\r\nshortcomings.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e33. The Master said, Not to expect to be cheated, nor to look for\r\nfalsehood, and yet to see them coming, shows worth in a man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e34. Wei-sheng Mou said to Confucius, How dost thou still find roosts\r\nto roost on, Ch\u0027iu, unless by wagging a glib tongue?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered, I dare not wag a glib tongue; but I hate\r\nstubbornness.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e35. The Master said, A steed is not praised for his strength, but\r\npraised for his mettle.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e36. One said, To mete out good for evil, how were that?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd how would ye meet good? said the Master. Meet evil with justice;\r\nmeet good with good.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e37. The Master said, Alas! no man knows me! Tzu-kung said, Why do ye\r\nsay, Sir, that no man knows you?\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_73\" id=\"Page_73\"\u003e[73]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Never murmuring against Heaven, nor finding fault\r\nwith men; learning from the lowest, cleaving the heights. I am known\r\nbut to one, but to Heaven.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e38. Liao, the duke\u0027s uncle, spake ill of Tzu-lu to Chi-sun.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_134_134\" id=\"FNanchor_134_134\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_134_134\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[134]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-fu Ching-po told this to Confucius, saying, My master\u0027s mind is\r\nsurely being led astray by the duke\u0027s uncle, but I have still the\r\nstrength to expose his body in the market-place.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, If the Way is to be kept, that is the Bidding, and if\r\nthe Way is to be lost, this is the Bidding. What can the duke\u0027s uncle\r\ndo against the Bidding?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e39. The Master said, Men of worth flee the world; the next best flee\r\nthe land. Then come those that go at a look, then those that go at\r\nwords.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e40. The Master said, Seven men did so.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e41. Tzu-lu spent a night at Shih-men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe gate-keeper asked him, Whence comest thou?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eFrom Confucius, answered Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe man that knows it is no good and yet must still be doing? said the\r\ngate-keeper.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e42. When the Master was chiming his sounding stones in Wei, a\r\nbasket-bearer said, as he passed the door, The heart is full that\r\nchimes those stones! But then he said, For shame! What a tinkling\r\nsound! If no one knows thee, have done!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eWade the deep places,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eLift thy robe through the shallows!\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_74\" id=\"Page_74\"\u003e[74]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Where there\u0027s a will, that is nowise hard.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e43. Tzu-chang said, What does the Book mean by saying that\r\nKao-tsung\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_135_135\" id=\"FNanchor_135_135\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_135_135\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[135]\u003c/a\u003e in his mourning shed did not speak for three years?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhy pick out Kao-tsung? said the Master. The men of old were all thus.\r\nFor three years after their lord had died, the hundred officers did\r\neach his duty and hearkened to the chief minister.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e44. The Master said, When those above love courtesy, the people are\r\neasy to lead.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e45. Tzu-lu asked, What makes a gentleman?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To be bent on becoming better.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIs that all? said Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBy becoming better to bring peace to men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd is that all?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBy becoming better to bring peace to all men, said the Master. Even\r\nYao and Shun were still struggling to become better, and so bring\r\npeace to all men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e46. Y\u0026uuml;an Jang awaited the Master squatting.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eUnruly when young, unmentioned as man, undying when old, spells\r\ngood-for-nothing! said the Master, and he hit him on the leg with his\r\nstaff.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e47. When a lad from the village of Ch\u0027\u0026uuml;eh was made messenger, someone\r\nasked, saying, Is it because he is doing well?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, I have seen him sitting in a man\u0027s seat, and seen him\r\nwalking abreast of his elders. He does not try to do well: he wishes\r\nto be quickly grown up.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_128_128\" id=\"Footnote_128_128\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_128_128\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[128]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Y\u0026uuml;an Ssu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_129_129\" id=\"Footnote_129_129\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_129_129\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[129]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Yi was killed by his best pupil, who said to himself,\r\nIn all the world no one but Yi shoots better than I do. So he killed\r\nhim.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_130_130\" id=\"Footnote_130_130\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_130_130\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[130]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eBook III\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 22.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_131_131\" id=\"Footnote_131_131\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_131_131\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[131]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Chiu and Huan were brothers, sons of the Duke of Ch\u0027i.\r\nWhen their father died, their uncle seized the throne. To preserve the\r\nrightful heir, Shao Hu and Kuan Chung fled with Chiu to Lu, whilst\r\nHuan escaped to another state. Later on the usurper was murdered, and\r\nHuan returned to Ch\u0027i and secured the throne. He then required the\r\nDuke of Lu to kill his brother and deliver up to him Shao Hu and Kuan\r\nChung. This was done. But on the way to Ch\u0027i Shao Hu killed himself.\r\nKuan Chung, on the other hand, took service under Duke Huan, became\r\nhis chief minister, and raised the state to greatness. (See note to\r\n\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eBook III\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 22.)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_132_132\" id=\"Footnote_132_132\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_132_132\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[132]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Chi K\u0027ang.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_133_133\" id=\"Footnote_133_133\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_133_133\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[133]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e 481 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, two years before the death of Confucius, who\r\nwas not at the time in office. Chien was Duke of Ch\u0027i, a state\r\nbordering on Lu. The three chiefs were the heads of the three great\r\nclans that were all-powerful in Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_134_134\" id=\"Footnote_134_134\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_134_134\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[134]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The head of the Chi clan, in whose service Tzu-lu\r\nwas.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_135_135\" id=\"Footnote_135_135\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_135_135\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[135]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e An emperor of the Yin dynasty.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_75\" id=\"Page_75\"\u003e[75]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XV\" id=\"BOOK_XV\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XV\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Ling, Duke of Wei, asked Confucius about the line of battle.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius answered. Of the ritual of dish and platter\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_136_136\" id=\"FNanchor_136_136\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_136_136\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[136]\u003c/a\u003e I have\r\nheard somewhat: I have not learnt warfare.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe left the next day.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn Ch\u0027en grain ran out. His followers were too ill to rise. Tzu-lu\r\nshowed that he was put out.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHas a gentleman to face want too? he said.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eGentlemen have indeed to face want, said the Master. The small man,\r\nwhen he is in want, runs to excess.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. The Master said, Tz\u0027u,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_137_137\" id=\"FNanchor_137_137\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_137_137\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[137]\u003c/a\u003e dost thou not take me for a man that\r\nhas learnt much and thought it over?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYes, he answered: is it not so?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eNo, said the Master. I string all into one.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, Yu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_138_138\" id=\"FNanchor_138_138\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_138_138\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[138]\u003c/a\u003e how few men know great-heartedness!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. The Master said, To rule doing nothing, was what Shun did. For what\r\nis there to do? Self-respect and to set the face to rule, is all.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. Tzu-chang asked how to get on.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Be faithful and true of word, plain and lowly in thy\r\nwalk; thou wilt get on even in tribal lands. If thy words be not\r\nfaithful and \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_76\" id=\"Page_76\"\u003e[76]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003etrue, thy walk not plain and lowly, wilt thou get on\r\neven in thine own town? Standing, see these words ranged before thee;\r\ndriving, see them written upon the yoke. Then thou wilt get on.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-chang wrote them on his girdle.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. The Master said, Straight indeed was the historian Y\u0026uuml;! Like an\r\narrow whilst the land kept the Way; and like an arrow when it lost the\r\nWay! What a gentleman was Ch\u0027\u0026uuml; Po-y\u0026uuml;! Whilst the land kept the Way he\r\ntook office, and when the land had lost the Way he rolled himself up\r\nin thought.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. The Master said, Not to speak to him that has ears to hear is to\r\nspill the man. To speak to a man without ears to hear is to spill thy\r\nwords. Wisdom spills neither man nor words.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said, A high will, or a loving heart, will not seek life\r\nat cost of love. To fulfil love they will kill the body.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. Tzu-kung asked how to attain to love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, A workman bent on good work must first sharpen his\r\ntools. In the land that is thy home, serve those that are worthy among\r\nthe great and make friends with loving knights.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. Yen Y\u0026uuml;an asked how to rule a kingdom.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Follow the Hsia seasons, drive in the chariot of Yin,\r\nwear the head-dress of Chou, take for music the Shao and its dance.\r\nBanish the strains of Cheng and flee men that are glib; for the\r\nstrains of Cheng are wanton and glib speakers are dangerous.\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_77\" id=\"Page_77\"\u003e[77]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said. Without thought for far off things, there shall\r\nbe trouble near at hand.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. The Master said, All is ended! I have seen no one that loves mind\r\nas he loves looks!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. The Master said, Did not Tsang Wen filch his post? He knew the\r\nworth of Liu-hsia Hui,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_139_139\" id=\"FNanchor_139_139\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_139_139\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[139]\u003c/a\u003e and did not stand by him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, By asking much of self and little of other men\r\nill feeling is banished.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, Unless a man say, Would this do? Would that do? I\r\ncan do nothing for him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, When all day long there is no talk of right, and\r\nlittle wiles find favour, the company is in hard case.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. The Master said, Right is the stuff of which a gentleman is made.\r\nDone with courtesy, spoken with humility, rounded with truth, right\r\nmakes a gentleman.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Master said, His shortcomings trouble a gentleman; to be\r\nunknown does not trouble him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The Master said, A gentleman fears that his name shall be no more\r\nheard when life is done.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_78\" id=\"Page_78\"\u003e[78]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e20. The Master said, A gentleman asks of himself, the small man asks\r\nof others.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. The Master said, A gentleman is firm, not quarrelsome; a friend,\r\nnot a partisan.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, A gentleman does not raise a man for his words,\r\nnor spurn the speech for the man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. Tzu-kung said, Is there one word by which we may walk till life\r\nends?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Fellow-feeling, perhaps. Do not do unto others what\r\nthou wouldst not have done to thee.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. The Master said, Of the men that I meet, whom do I cry down, whom\r\ndo I overpraise? Or, if I overpraise them, it is after testing them.\r\nIt was owing to this people that the three lines of kings went the\r\nstraight way.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said, I have still known historians that would leave a\r\ngap in their text, and men that would lend a horse to another to ride.\r\nNow it is so no more.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. The Master said, Cunning words confound the mind; petty impatience\r\nconfounds great projects.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e27. The Master said, The hatred of the many must be looked into; the\r\nlove of the many must be looked into.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e28. The Master said, The man can exalt the Way: it is not the Way that\r\nexalts the man.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e29. The Master said, The fault is to cleave to a fault.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e30. The Master said, I have spent whole days\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_79\" id=\"Page_79\"\u003e[79]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e without food and whole\r\nnights without sleep, thinking, and gained nothing by it. Learning is\r\nbetter.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e31. The Master said, A gentleman thinks of the Way; he does not think\r\nof food. Sow, and famine may follow; learn, and pay may come; but a\r\ngentleman grieves for the Way; to be poor does not grieve him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e32. The Master said, What wisdom has got will be lost again, unless\r\nlove hold it fast. Wisdom to get and love to hold fast, without\r\ndignity of bearing, will not be honoured among men. Wisdom to get,\r\nlove to hold fast and dignity of bearing, without courteous ways are\r\nnot enough.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e33. The Master said, A gentleman has no small knowledge, but he can\r\ncarry out big things: the small man can carry out nothing big, but he\r\nmay be knowing in small things.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e34. The Master said, Love is more to the people than fire and water. I\r\nhave seen men come to their death by fire and water: I have seen no\r\nman that love brought to his death.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e35. The Master said, When love is at stake yield not to an army.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e36. The Master said, A gentleman is consistent, not changeless.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e37. The Master said, A servant of the king honours his work, and puts\r\nfood after it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e38. The Master said, Learning knows no rank.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e39. The Master said, Mingle not in projects with a man whose way is\r\nnot thine.\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_80\" id=\"Page_80\"\u003e[80]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e40. The Master said, The whole end of speech is to be understood.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e41. When he saw the music-master Mien, the Master said, as they came\r\nto the steps, Here are the steps. On coming to the mat, he said, Here\r\nis the mat. When all were seated, the Master told him, He and he are\r\nhere.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the music-master had gone, Tzu-chang said, Is this the way to\r\nspeak to a music-master?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Surely it is the way to help a music-master.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_140_140\" id=\"FNanchor_140_140\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_140_140\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[140]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_136_136\" id=\"Footnote_136_136\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_136_136\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[136]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e For sacrifice.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_137_137\" id=\"Footnote_137_137\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_137_137\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[137]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_138_138\" id=\"Footnote_138_138\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_138_138\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[138]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu: probably said to him on the occasion mentioned\r\nin \u0026sect; I.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_139_139\" id=\"Footnote_139_139\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_139_139\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[139]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Another of these \u003ci\u003eseigneurs du temps jadis\u003c/i\u003e that is\r\nmore to us than a dim shadow, for he still lives in the pages of\r\nMencius, who tells us that, He was not ashamed of a foul lord, and did\r\nnot refuse a small post. On coming in he did not hide his worth, but\r\nheld his own way. Neglected and idle, he did not grumble; straitened\r\nand poor, he did not mope. When brought together with country folk he\r\nwas quite at his ease and could not bear to leave them. Thou art thou,\r\nhe said, and I am I: standing beside me with thy coat off, or thy body\r\nnaked, how canst thou defile me? (Book X, chapter 1). He stopped if a\r\nhand was raised to stop him, for he did not care whether he went or no\r\n(Book III, chapter 9).\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_140_140\" id=\"Footnote_140_140\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_140_140\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[140]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The man being blind, as so many musicians are in the\r\nEast.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_81\" id=\"Page_81\"\u003e[81]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XVI\" id=\"BOOK_XVI\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XVI\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The Chi was about to make war on Chuan-y\u0026uuml;.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_141_141\" id=\"FNanchor_141_141\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_141_141\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[141]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Confucius saw Jan Yu and Chi-lu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_142_142\" id=\"FNanchor_142_142\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_142_142\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[142]\u003c/a\u003e they said to him, The Chi\r\nis going to deal with Chuan-y\u0026uuml;.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius said, After all, Ch\u0027iu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_143_143\" id=\"FNanchor_143_143\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_143_143\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[143]\u003c/a\u003e art thou not in the wrong? The\r\nkings of old made Chuan-y\u0026uuml; lord of Tung Meng.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_144_144\" id=\"FNanchor_144_144\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_144_144\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[144]\u003c/a\u003e Moreover, as\r\nChuan-y\u0026uuml; is inside our borders it is the liege of the spirits of earth\r\nand corn of our land; so how can ye make war upon it?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eJan Yu said, Our master wishes it. Tzu-lu and I, his two ministers, do\r\nnot, either of us, wish it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius said, Ch\u0027iu, Chou Jen used to say, \u0027He that can put forth\r\nhis strength takes his place in the line; he that cannot stands back.\u0027\r\nWho would take to help him a man that is no stay in danger and no\r\nsupport in falling? Moreover, what thou sayest is wrong. If a tiger or\r\na buffalo escapes from his pen, if tortoiseshell or jade is broken in\r\nits case, who is to blame?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eJan Yu said, But Chuan-y\u0026uuml; is now strong, and it is near to Pi\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_145_145\" id=\"FNanchor_145_145\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_145_145\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[145]\u003c/a\u003e; if\r\nit is not taken now, in days \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_82\" id=\"Page_82\"\u003e[82]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003eto come it will bring sorrow on our sons\r\nand grandsons.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eCh\u0027iu, said Confucius, instead of saying \u0027I want it,\u0027 a gentleman\r\nhates to plead that he needs must. I have heard that fewness of men\r\ndoes not vex a king or a chief, but unlikeness of lot vexes him.\r\nPoverty does not vex him, but want of peace vexes him. For if wealth\r\nwere even, no one would be poor. In harmony is number; peace prevents\r\na fall. Thus, if far off tribes will not submit, bring them in by\r\nencouraging mind and art, and when they come in give them peace. But\r\nnow, when far off tribes will not submit, ye two, helpers of your\r\nlord, cannot bring them in. The kingdom is split and falling, and ye\r\ncannot save it. Yet inside our land ye plot to move spear and shield!\r\nThe sorrows of Chi\u0027s grandsons will not rise in Chuan-y\u0026uuml;, I fear: they\r\nwill rise within the palace wall.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Confucius said, When the Way is kept below heaven, courtesy, music\r\nand punitive wars flow from the Son of heaven. When the Way is lost\r\nbelow heaven, courtesy, music and punitive wars flow from the great\r\nvassals. When they flow from the great vassals they will rarely last\r\nfor ten generations. When they flow from the great ministers they will\r\nrarely last for five generations. When underlings sway the country\u0027s\r\nfate they will rarely last for three generations. When the Way is kept\r\nbelow heaven power does not lie with the great ministers. When the Way\r\nis kept below heaven common folk do not argue.\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_83\" id=\"Page_83\"\u003e[83]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. Confucius said, For five generations its income has passed from the\r\nducal house;\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_146_146\" id=\"FNanchor_146_146\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_146_146\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[146]\u003c/a\u003e for four generations power has lain with the great\r\nministers: and humbled, therefore, are the sons and grandsons of the\r\nthree Huan.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. Confucius said, There are three friends that help us, and three\r\nthat do us harm. The friends that help us are a straight friend, an\r\noutspoken friend, and a friend that has heard much. The friends that\r\nharm us are plausible friends, friends that like to flatter, and\r\nfriends with a glib tongue.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. Confucius said, There are three delights that do good, and three\r\nthat do us harm. Those that do good are delight in dissecting good\r\nform and music, delight in speaking of the good in men, and delight in\r\nhaving many worthy friends. Those that do harm are proud delights,\r\ndelight in idle roving, and delight in the joys of the feast.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Confucius said. Men that wait upon lords fall into three mistakes.\r\nTo speak before the time has come is rashness. Not to speak when the\r\ntime has come is secrecy. To speak heedless of looks is blindness.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Confucius said, A gentleman has three things to guard against.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIn the days of thy youth, ere thy strength is steady, beware of lust.\r\nWhen manhood is reached, in the fulness of strength, beware of strife.\r\nIn old age, when thy strength is broken, beware of greed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. Confucius said, A gentleman holds three things \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_84\" id=\"Page_84\"\u003e[84]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003ein awe. He is in\r\nawe of the Bidding of Heaven; he is in awe of great men; and he is\r\nawed by the words of the holy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe small man knows not the Bidding of Heaven, and holds it not in\r\nawe. He is saucy towards the great; he makes game of holy men\u0027s words.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. Confucius said, The best men are born wise. Next come those that\r\ngrow wise by learning; then those that learn from toil. Those that do\r\nnot learn from toil are the lowest of the people.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. Confucius said, A gentleman has nine aims. To see clearly; to\r\nunderstand what he hears; to be warm in manner, dignified in bearing,\r\nfaithful of speech, keen at work; to ask when in doubt; in anger to\r\nthink of difficulties; and in sight of gain to think of right.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. Confucius said, In sight of good to be filled with longing; to\r\nlook on evil as scalding to the touch: I have seen such men, I have\r\nheard such words.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTo live apart and search thy will; to achieve thy Way, by doing right:\r\nI have heard these words, but I have seen no such men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. Ching, Duke of Ch\u0027i, had a thousand teams of horses; but the\r\npeople, on his death day, found no good in him to praise. Po-yi\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_147_147\" id=\"FNanchor_147_147\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_147_147\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[147]\u003c/a\u003e\r\nand Shu-ch\u0027i\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_148_148\" id=\"FNanchor_148_148\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_148_148\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[148]\u003c/a\u003e starved at the foot of Shou-yang, and to this day\r\nthe people still praise them.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIs not this the clue to that?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_85\" id=\"Page_85\"\u003e[85]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e13. Ch\u0027en K\u0027ang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_149_149\" id=\"FNanchor_149_149\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_149_149\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[149]\u003c/a\u003e asked Po-y\u0026uuml;,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_150_150\" id=\"FNanchor_150_150\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_150_150\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[150]\u003c/a\u003e Apart from us, have ye heard\r\nanything, Sir?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, No: once as my father stood alone and I sped across the\r\nhall, he said to me, Art thou learning poetry? I answered, No. He that\r\ndoes not learn poetry, he said, has no hold on words. I withdrew and\r\nlearned poetry.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnother day, when he again stood alone and I sped across the hall, he\r\nsaid to me, Art thou learning courtesy? I answered, No. He that does\r\nnot learn courtesy, he said, has no foothold. I withdrew and learned\r\ncourtesy. These two things I have heard.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eCh\u0027en K\u0027ang withdrew, and cried gladly, I asked one thing, and I get\r\nthree! I hear of poetry; I hear of courtesy; and I hear too that a\r\ngentleman stands aloof from his son.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. A king speaks of his wife as \u0027my wife.\u0027 She calls herself\r\n\u0027handmaid.\u0027 Her subjects speak of her as \u0027our lord\u0027s wife,\u0027 but when\r\nthey speak to foreigners, they say \u0027our little queen.\u0027 Foreigners\r\nspeak of her, too, as \u0027the lord\u0027s wife.\u0027\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_141_141\" id=\"Footnote_141_141\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_141_141\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[141]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A small feudatory state of Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_142_142\" id=\"Footnote_142_142\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_142_142\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[142]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu. He and Jan Yu were in the service of the Chi.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_143_143\" id=\"Footnote_143_143\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_143_143\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[143]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Jan Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_144_144\" id=\"Footnote_144_144\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_144_144\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[144]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A mountain in Chuan-y\u0026uuml;. Since the Emperor had given the\r\nruler of Chuan-y\u0026uuml; the right to sacrifice to its mountains, that state\r\nhad some measure of independence, though it was feudatory to Lu, and\r\nwithin its borders.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_145_145\" id=\"Footnote_145_145\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_145_145\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[145]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A town belonging to the Chi.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_146_146\" id=\"Footnote_146_146\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_146_146\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[146]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Of Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_147_147\" id=\"Footnote_147_147\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_147_147\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[147]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003eBook V\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 22.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_148_148\" id=\"Footnote_148_148\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_148_148\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[148]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003eBook V\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 22.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_149_149\" id=\"Footnote_149_149\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_149_149\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[149]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The disciple Tzu-ch\u0027in.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_150_150\" id=\"Footnote_150_150\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_150_150\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[150]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The son of Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_86\" id=\"Page_86\"\u003e[86]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XVII\" id=\"BOOK_XVII\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XVII\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Yang Huo\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_151_151\" id=\"FNanchor_151_151\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_151_151\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[151]\u003c/a\u003e wished to see Confucius. Confucius did not go to see\r\nhim. He sent Confucius a sucking pig. Confucius chose a time when he\r\nwas out, and went to thank him. They met on the road.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe said to Confucius, Come, let us speak together. To cherish a gem,\r\nand undo the kingdom, can that be called love?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIt cannot, said Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTo love office, and miss the hour again and again, can that be called\r\nwisdom?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIt cannot, said Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe days and months go by; the years do not wait for us.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTrue, said Confucius; I must take office.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. The Master said, Men are near to each other by nature; the lives\r\nthey lead sunder them.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. As the Master came to Wu-ch\u0027eng\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_152_152\" id=\"FNanchor_152_152\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_152_152\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[152]\u003c/a\u003e he heard sounds of lute and\r\nsong.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhy use an ox-knife to kill a fowl? said the Master, with a pleased\r\nsmile.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-yu answered, Master, once I heard you say, A gentleman that has\r\nlearnt the Way loves men; small folk that have learnt the Way are easy\r\nto rule.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_87\" id=\"Page_87\"\u003e[87]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMy two-three boys, said the Master, what Yen\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_153_153\" id=\"FNanchor_153_153\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_153_153\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[153]\u003c/a\u003e says is true. I\r\nspake before in play.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. Kung-shan Fu-jao\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_154_154\" id=\"FNanchor_154_154\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_154_154\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[154]\u003c/a\u003e held Pi in rebellion. He called the Master,\r\nwho wished to go.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu said in displeasure. This cannot be! why must ye go to\r\nKung-shan?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, He calls me, and would that be all? Could I not make\r\nan Eastern Chou\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_155_155\" id=\"FNanchor_155_155\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_155_155\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[155]\u003c/a\u003e of him that uses me?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Tzu-chang asked Confucius what is love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius said, Love is to mete out five things to all below heaven.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eMay I ask what they are?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eModesty and bounty, said Confucius, truth, earnestness and kindness.\r\nModesty escapes insult: bounty wins the many; truth gains men\u0027s trust;\r\nearnestness brings success; and kindness is enough to make men work.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Pi Hsi called the Master, who wished to go.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu said, Master, I heard you say once, To men whose own life is\r\nevil, no gentleman will go. Pi Hsi holds Chung-mou in rebellion; how\r\ncould ye go to him, Sir?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYes, I said so, answered the Master. But is not a thing called hard\r\nthat cannot be ground thin; white, if steeping will not turn it black?\r\nAnd am I a gourd? Can I hang without eating?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_88\" id=\"Page_88\"\u003e[88]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e8. The Master said, Hast thou heard the six words, Yu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_156_156\" id=\"FNanchor_156_156\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_156_156\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[156]\u003c/a\u003e and the\r\nsix they sink into?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered. No.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eSit down, and I shall tell thee. The thirst for love, without love of\r\nlearning, sinks into simpleness. Love of knowledge, without love of\r\nlearning, sinks into vanity. Love of truth, without love of learning,\r\nsinks into cruelty. Love of straightness, without love of learning,\r\nsinks into rudeness. Love of daring, without love of learning, sinks\r\ninto turbulence. Love of strength, without love of learning, sinks\r\ninto oddity.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. The Master said, My little children, why do ye not learn poetry?\r\nPoetry would ripen you; teach you insight, friendliness and\r\nforbearance; show you how to serve your father at home; and teach your\r\nlord abroad; and it would teach you the names of many birds and\r\nbeasts, plants and trees.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Master said to Po-y\u0026uuml;,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_157_157\" id=\"FNanchor_157_157\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_157_157\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[157]\u003c/a\u003e Hast thou done the Chou-nan and\r\nShao-nan?\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_158_158\" id=\"FNanchor_158_158\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_158_158\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[158]\u003c/a\u003e He that has not done the Chou-nan and Shao-nan is like\r\na man standing with his face to the wall.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. The Master said, \u0027Courtesy, courtesy,\u0027 is the cry; but are jade\r\nand silk the whole of courtesy? \u0027Music, music,\u0027 is the cry; but are\r\nbells and drums the whole of music?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. The Master said, Fierce looks and weakness within are like the\r\nsmall man, like the thief that breaks through or clambers over a wall.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_89\" id=\"Page_89\"\u003e[89]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e13. The Master said, The plain townsman is the bane of mind.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. The Master said, To tell unto the dust all that we hear upon the\r\nway is to lay waste the mind.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. The Master said, How can we serve the king with a low fellow, who\r\nis itching to get what he wants and trembling to lose what he has?\r\nThis trembling to lose what he has may lead him anywhere.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. The Master said, Men of old had three failings, which have,\r\nperhaps, died out to-day. Ambitious men of old were not nice; now they\r\nare unprincipled. Stern men of old were hard; now they are\r\nquarrelsome. Ignorant men of old were straight; now they are false.\r\nThat is all.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. The Master said, Smooth words and fawning looks are seldom found\r\nwith love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. The Master said, I hate the ousting of scarlet by purple. I hate\r\nthe strains of Cheng, confounders of sweet music. I hate a sharp\r\ntongue, the ruin of kingdom and home.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The Master said, I wish no word were spoken!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, Sir, if ye said no word, what could your little\r\nchildren write?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, What are the words of Heaven? The four seasons pass,\r\nthe hundred things bear life. What are the words of Heaven?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. Ju Pei wished to see Confucius. Confucius pleaded sickness; but,\r\nas the messenger left his door, he took a lute and sang, so the\r\nmessenger should hear.\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_90\" id=\"Page_90\"\u003e[90]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. Tsai Wo\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_159_159\" id=\"FNanchor_159_159\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_159_159\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[159]\u003c/a\u003e asked about mourning for three years. He thought that\r\none was enough.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIf for three years gentlemen forsake courtesy, courtesy must suffer.\r\nIf for three years they forsake music, music must decay. The old grain\r\npasses, the new grain sprouts, the round of woods for the fire-drill\r\nis ended in one year.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Feeding on rice, clad in brocade, couldst thou be at\r\nrest?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI could, he answered.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThen do what gives thee rest. But a gentleman, when he is mourning,\r\nhas no taste for sweets and no ear for music; he cannot rest in his\r\nhome. So he gives these up. Now, they give thee rest; then keep them.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Tsai Wo had gone, the Master said, Y\u0026uuml;\u0027s\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_160_160\" id=\"FNanchor_160_160\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_160_160\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[160]\u003c/a\u003e want of love! At\r\nthe age of three a child first leaves the arms of his father and\r\nmother, and mourning lasts for three years everywhere below heaven.\r\nBut did Y\u0026uuml; have for three years the love of his father and mother?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e22. The Master said, It is hard indeed when a man eats his fill all\r\nday, and has nothing to task the mind! Could he not play at chequers?\r\nEven that were better.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. Tzu-lu said, Do gentlemen honour daring?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThey put right higher, said the Master. With daring and no sense of\r\nright gentlemen turn rebels and small men turn robbers.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. Tzu-kung said, Do gentlemen hate too?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_91\" id=\"Page_91\"\u003e[91]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThey do, said the Master. They hate the sounding of evil deeds; they\r\nhate men of low estate that slander those over them; they hate daring\r\nwithout courtesy; they hate men that are stout and fearless, but\r\nblind.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd Tz\u0027u,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_161_161\" id=\"FNanchor_161_161\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_161_161\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[161]\u003c/a\u003e he said, dost thou hate too?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI hate those that take spying for wisdom, who take want of manners for\r\ncourage, and take tale-telling for honesty.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. The Master said, Only maids and serving-lads are hard to train. If\r\nwe draw near to them, they get unruly; if we hold them off, they grow\r\nspiteful.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e26. The Master said, When a man of forty is hated, he will be so to\r\nthe end.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_151_151\" id=\"Footnote_151_151\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_151_151\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[151]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The all-powerful, unscrupulous minister of the Chi.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_152_152\" id=\"Footnote_152_152\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_152_152\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[152]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A very small town, of which the disciple Tzu-yu was\r\ngovernor.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_153_153\" id=\"Footnote_153_153\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_153_153\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[153]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_154_154\" id=\"Footnote_154_154\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_154_154\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[154]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Steward of the Chi, and a confederate of Yang Huo.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_155_155\" id=\"Footnote_155_155\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_155_155\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[155]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A kingdom in the east to match Chou in the west, the\r\nhome of Kings Wen and Wu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_156_156\" id=\"Footnote_156_156\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_156_156\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[156]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_157_157\" id=\"Footnote_157_157\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_157_157\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[157]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e His son.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_158_158\" id=\"Footnote_158_158\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_158_158\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[158]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The first two books of \u003ci\u003eThe Book of Poetry\u003c/i\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_159_159\" id=\"Footnote_159_159\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_159_159\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[159]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_160_160\" id=\"Footnote_160_160\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_160_160\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[160]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tsai Wo.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_161_161\" id=\"Footnote_161_161\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_161_161\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[161]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_92\" id=\"Page_92\"\u003e[92]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XVIII\" id=\"BOOK_XVIII\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XVIII\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. The lord of Wei\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_162_162\" id=\"FNanchor_162_162\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_162_162\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[162]\u003c/a\u003e left, the lord of Chi\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_163_163\" id=\"FNanchor_163_163\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_163_163\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[163]\u003c/a\u003e was made a slave,\r\nPi-kan\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_164_164\" id=\"FNanchor_164_164\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_164_164\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[164]\u003c/a\u003e spake out, and died.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius said, Three of the Yin had love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Whilst Liu-hsia Hui\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_165_165\" id=\"FNanchor_165_165\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_165_165\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[165]\u003c/a\u003e was Chief Knight\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_166_166\" id=\"FNanchor_166_166\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_166_166\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[166]\u003c/a\u003e he was dismissed\r\nthrice.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eMen said. Is it not yet time to leave. Sir?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe answered, If I serve men the straight way, where can I go without\r\nbeing dismissed thrice? If I am to serve men the crooked way, why\r\nshould I leave the land of my father and mother?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. Speaking of how to treat Confucius, Ching, Duke of Ch\u0027i, said, I\r\ncannot treat him as I do the Chi. I put him between Chi and Meng.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI am old, he said; I cannot use him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius left.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. The men of Ch\u0027i\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_167_167\" id=\"FNanchor_167_167\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_167_167\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[167]\u003c/a\u003e sent a gift of music girls. Chi Huan accepted\r\nthem, and for three days no court was held.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius left.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_93\" id=\"Page_93\"\u003e[93]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e5. Chieh-y\u0026uuml;, the mad-head of Ch\u0027u, as he passed Confucius, sang,\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"poem\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"stanza\"\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003ePhoenix, bright phoenix,\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eThy glory is ended!\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eThink of to-morrow;\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eThe past can\u0027t be mended.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eUp and away!\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i0\"\u003eThe Court is today\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"i2\"\u003eWith danger attended.\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eConfucius alighted, for he wished to speak with him: but he hurried\r\naway, and he could not speak with him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Ch\u0027ang-ch\u0026uuml; and Chieh-ni were working in the fields. As Confucius\r\npassed them, he sent Tzu-lu to ask for the ford.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eCh\u0027ang-ch\u0026uuml; said, Who is that holding the reins?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe is K\u0027ung Ch\u0027iu, said Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eIs he K\u0027ung Ch\u0027iu of Lu?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYes, said Tzu-lu.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe knows the ford, said Ch\u0027ang-ch\u0026uuml;.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu asked Chieh-ni.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWho are ye, Sir? he answered.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eI am Chung Yu.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe disciple of K\u0027ung Ch\u0027iu of Lu?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eYes, he answered.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAll below heaven is seething and boiling, said Chieh-ni, who can\r\nchange it? How much better would it be to follow a knight that flees\r\nthe world than to follow a knight that flees persons!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd he went on hoeing without stop.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu went and told the Master, whose face fell.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eCan I herd with birds and beasts? he said. Whom\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_94\" id=\"Page_94\"\u003e[94]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e but these men can I\r\ntake as fellows? And if the Way were kept by all below heaven, I\r\nshould not need to change them.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Tzu-lu, who was following behind, met an old man carrying a basket\r\non his staff.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu asked him, Have ye seen the Master, Sir?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe old man answered, Thy four limbs are idle, thou canst not sort the\r\nfive seeds: who is thy Master?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eAnd he planted his staff, and weeded.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu stood and bowed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe kept Tzu-lu for the night, killed a fowl, made millet, gave them\r\nhim to eat, and presented his two sons.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu left the next day, and told the Master.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, He is in hiding.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe sent Tzu-lu back to see him; but when he arrived he had gone.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-lu said, Not to take office is not right. If the ties of old and\r\nyoung cannot be thrown off, how can he throw off the liege\u0027s duty to\r\nhis lord? He wishes to keep his life clean, but he is unsettling the\r\nbonds between men. To discharge that duty a gentleman takes office,\r\nthough he knows beforehand that the Way will not be kept.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. Po-yi, Shu-ch\u0027i, Y\u0026uuml;-chung, Yi-yi, Chu-chang, Liu-hsia Hui and\r\nShao-lien were men that hid from the world.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, Po-yi\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_168_168\" id=\"FNanchor_168_168\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_168_168\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[168]\u003c/a\u003e and Shu-ch\u0027i\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_169_169\" id=\"FNanchor_169_169\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_169_169\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[169]\u003c/a\u003e did not bend the will or\r\nshame the body.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_95\" id=\"Page_95\"\u003e[95]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWe must say that Liu-hsia Hui\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_170_170\" id=\"FNanchor_170_170\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_170_170\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[170]\u003c/a\u003e and Shao-lien bent the will and\r\nshamed the body. Their words hit man\u0027s duty, their deeds hit our\r\nhopes. This we can say and no more.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWe may say that Y\u0026uuml;-chung and Yi-yi lived hidden, but were free of\r\nspeech. Their lives were clean, their retreat was well weighed.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eBut I am unlike all of them: there is nothing I must, or must not, do.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. Chih, the Great Music-master, went to Ch\u0027i; Kan, the conductor at\r\nthe second meal, went to Ch\u0027u; Liao, the conductor at the third meal,\r\nwent to Ts\u0027ai; Ch\u0026uuml;eh, the conductor at the fourth meal, went to Ch\u0027in.\r\nThe drum master Fang-shu crossed the River; the tambourine master Wu\r\ncrossed the Han; Yang the second bandmaster and Hsiang, who played the\r\nsounding stones, crossed the sea.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. The Duke of Chou\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_171_171\" id=\"FNanchor_171_171\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_171_171\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[171]\u003c/a\u003e said to the Duke of Lu,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_172_172\" id=\"FNanchor_172_172\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_172_172\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[172]\u003c/a\u003e A gentleman\r\ndoes not forsake kinsmen, nor offend his great lieges by not using\r\nthem. He will not cast off an old friend unless he have big cause; he\r\ndoes not ask everything of anyone.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. Chou had eight knights: Po-ta and Po-kuo, Chung-tu and Chung-hu,\r\nShu-yeh and Shu-hsia, Chi-sui and Chi-kua.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_162_162\" id=\"Footnote_162_162\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_162_162\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[162]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Kinsmen of the tyrant Chou Hsin, who brought the house\r\nof Yin to an end.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_163_163\" id=\"Footnote_163_163\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_163_163\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[163]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Kinsmen of the tyrant Chou Hsin, who brought the house\r\nof Yin to an end.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_164_164\" id=\"Footnote_164_164\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_164_164\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[164]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Kinsmen of the tyrant Chou Hsin, who brought the house\r\nof Yin to an end.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_165_165\" id=\"Footnote_165_165\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_165_165\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[165]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003eBook XV\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 13.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_166_166\" id=\"Footnote_166_166\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_166_166\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[166]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Or Criminal Judge.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_167_167\" id=\"Footnote_167_167\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_167_167\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[167]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e To Lu, 497 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e The turning-point in Confucius\u0027s\r\ncareer. He left office and his native land, and wandered abroad for\r\ntwelve long years.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_168_168\" id=\"Footnote_168_168\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_168_168\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[168]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003eBook V\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 22.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_169_169\" id=\"Footnote_169_169\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_169_169\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[169]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003eBook V\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 22.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_170_170\" id=\"Footnote_170_170\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_170_170\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[170]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003e Book XV\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 13.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_171_171\" id=\"Footnote_171_171\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_171_171\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[171]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003eBook VII\u003c/a\u003e, \u0026sect; 5.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_172_172\" id=\"Footnote_172_172\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_172_172\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[172]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e His son.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_96\" id=\"Page_96\"\u003e[96]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XIX\" id=\"BOOK_XIX\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XIX\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Tzu-chang said, The knight that stakes his life when he sees\r\ndanger, who in sight of gain thinks of right, and whose thoughts are\r\nreverent at worship, and sad when he is in mourning, will do.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e2. Tzu-hsia said, Goodness, clutched too narrowly; a belief in the Way\r\nwhich is not honest; can they be said to be, or said not to be?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The disciples of Tzu-hsia asked Tzu-chang whom we should choose as\r\nour companions.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-chang said. What does Tzu-hsia say?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThey answered, Tzu-hsia says, If the men be well for thee, go with\r\nthem; if they be not well, push them off.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-chang said. This is not the same as what I had heard. A gentleman\r\nhonours worth and bears with the many. He applauds goodness and pities\r\nweakness. If I were a man of great worth, what could I not bear with\r\nin others? If I am without worth, men will push me off: why should I\r\npush other men off?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e4. Tzu-hsia said, Though there must be things worth seeing along small\r\nways, a gentleman does not follow them, for fear of being left at last\r\nin the mire.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e5. Tzu-hsia said, He that each day remembers his failings and each\r\nmonth forgets nothing won may be said to love learning indeed!\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_97\" id=\"Page_97\"\u003e[97]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e6. Tzu-hsia said, By wide learning and singleness of will, by keen\r\nquestions and home thinking we reach love.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e7. Tzu-hsia said, To master the hundred trades, apprentices work in a\r\nshop; by learning, a gentleman finds his way.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e8. Tzu-hsia said, The small man must always gloss his faults.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e9. Tzu-hsia said, A gentleman changes thrice. Looking up to him he\r\nseems stern; as we draw near, he warms; but his speech, when we hear\r\nit, is sharp.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e10. Tzu-hsia said, Until they trust him, a gentleman lays no burdens\r\non his people. If they do not trust him, they will think it cruel.\r\nUntil they trust him, he does not chide them. Unless they trust him,\r\nit will seem fault-finding.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e11. Tzu-hsia said, If we keep within the bounds of honour, we can step\r\nto and fro through propriety.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e12. Tzu-yu said, The disciples, the little sons of Tzu-hsia, can\r\nsprinkle and sweep, attend and answer, come in and go out; but what\r\ncan come of twigs without roots?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eWhen Tzu-hsia heard this, he said, Yen Yu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_173_173\" id=\"FNanchor_173_173\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_173_173\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[173]\u003c/a\u003e is wrong. If we teach\r\none thing in the way of a gentleman first, shall we tire before\r\nreaching the next? Thus plants and trees differ in size. Should the\r\nway of a gentleman bewilder him? To learn it, first and last, none but\r\nthe holy are fit.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e13. Tzu-hsia said, A servant of the crown should \u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_98\" id=\"Page_98\"\u003e[98]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003egive his spare\r\nstrength to learning. With his spare strength a scholar should serve\r\nthe crown.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e14. Tzu-yu said, Mourning should stretch to grief, and stop there.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e15. Tzu-yu said, Our friend Chang\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_174_174\" id=\"FNanchor_174_174\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_174_174\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[174]\u003c/a\u003e can do hard things, but love is\r\nnot yet his.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e16. Tseng-tzu said, Chang is so spacious, so lordly, that at his side\r\nit is hard to do what love bids.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e17. Tseng-tzu said, I have heard the Master say, Man never shows what\r\nis in him unless it be in mourning those dear to him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e18. Tseng-tzu said, I have heard the Master say, In all else we may be\r\nas good a son as Meng Chuang, but in not changing his father\u0027s\r\nministers, or his father\u0027s rule, he is hard to match.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e19. The Meng\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_175_175\" id=\"FNanchor_175_175\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_175_175\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[175]\u003c/a\u003e made Yang Fu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_176_176\" id=\"FNanchor_176_176\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_176_176\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[176]\u003c/a\u003e Chief Knight,\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_177_177\" id=\"FNanchor_177_177\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_177_177\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[177]\u003c/a\u003e who spake to\r\nTseng-tzu about it.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTseng-tzu said, Those above have lost their way, the people have long\r\nbeen astray. When thou dost get at the truth, be moved to pity, not\r\npuffed with joy.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e20. Tzu-kung said, Chou\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_178_178\" id=\"FNanchor_178_178\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_178_178\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[178]\u003c/a\u003e was not so very wicked! Thus a gentleman\r\nhates to live in a hollow, down into which runs all that is foul below\r\nheaven.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e21. Tzu-kung said, A gentleman\u0027s faults are like the eating of sun or\r\nmoon.\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_179_179\" id=\"FNanchor_179_179\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_179_179\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[179]\u003c/a\u003e All men see them, and when he mends all men look up to him.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_99\" id=\"Page_99\"\u003e[99]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e22. Kung-sun Ch\u0027ao of Wei asked Tzu-kung, From whom did Chung-ni\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_180_180\" id=\"FNanchor_180_180\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_180_180\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[180]\u003c/a\u003e\r\nlearn?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, The Way of Wen and Wu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_181_181\" id=\"FNanchor_181_181\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_181_181\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[181]\u003c/a\u003e has not fallen into ruin. It\r\nlives in men: the big in big men, the small in small men. In none of\r\nthem is the Way of Wen and Wu missing. How should the Master not learn\r\nit? What need had he for a set teacher?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e23. In talk with the great men of the court Shu-sun Wu-shu\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_182_182\" id=\"FNanchor_182_182\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_182_182\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[182]\u003c/a\u003e said,\r\nTzu-kung is worthier than Chung-ni.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-fu Ching-po told this to Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, This is like the palace wall. My wall reaches to the\r\nshoulder: peeping over you see the good home within. The Master\u0027s wall\r\nis several fathoms high: no one can see the beauty of the Ancestral\r\nTemple and the wealth of its hundred officers, unless he gets in by\r\nthe gate. And if only a few men find the gate, may not my lord have\r\nspoken the truth?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e24. Shu-sun Wu-shu cried down Chung-ni.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, It is labour lost. Chung-ni cannot be cried down. The\r\ngreatness of other men is a hummock, over which we can still leap.\r\nChung-ni is the sun or moon, which no one can overleap. Though the man\r\nwere willing to kill himself, how could he hurt the sun or moon? That\r\nhe does not know his own measure would only be seen the better!\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e25. Ch\u0027en Tzu-ch\u0027in\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_183_183\" id=\"FNanchor_183_183\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_183_183\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[183]\u003c/a\u003e said to Tzu-kung, Ye humble yourself, Sir. In\r\nwhat is Chung-ni your better?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_100\" id=\"Page_100\"\u003e[100]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTzu-kung said, By one word a gentleman shows wisdom, by one word want\r\nof wisdom. Words must not be lightly spoken. No one can come up to the\r\nMaster, as heaven is not to be climbed by steps. If the Master had\r\npower in a kingdom, or a clan, the saying would come true, \u0027What he\r\nsets up stands; he shows the way and men go it, he brings peace and\r\nthey come, he stirs them and they are at one. Honoured in life, he is\r\nmourned when dead!\u0027 Who can come up to him?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_173_173\" id=\"Footnote_173_173\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_173_173\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[173]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-yu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_174_174\" id=\"Footnote_174_174\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_174_174\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[174]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Tzu-chang.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_175_175\" id=\"Footnote_175_175\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_175_175\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[175]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The chief of the Meng clan, powerful in Lu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_176_176\" id=\"Footnote_176_176\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_176_176\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[176]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple of Tseng-tzu.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_177_177\" id=\"Footnote_177_177\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_177_177\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[177]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Or criminal judge.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_178_178\" id=\"Footnote_178_178\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_178_178\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[178]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e The tyrant that ended the Yin dynasty.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_179_179\" id=\"Footnote_179_179\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_179_179\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[179]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e An eclipse.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_180_180\" id=\"Footnote_180_180\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_180_180\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[180]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_181_181\" id=\"Footnote_181_181\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_181_181\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[181]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e See \u003ca href=\"#INTRODUCTION\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_182_182\" id=\"Footnote_182_182\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_182_182\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[182]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Head of the Meng clan.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_183_183\" id=\"Footnote_183_183\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_183_183\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[183]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e A disciple of Tzu-kung.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_101\" id=\"Page_101\"\u003e[101]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"BOOK_XX\" id=\"BOOK_XX\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eBOOK XX\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_184_184\" id=\"FNanchor_184_184\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_184_184\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[184]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e1. Yao said, Hail to thee, Shun! The count that Heaven is telling\r\nfalls on thee. Keep true hold of the centre. If there be stress or\r\nwant within the four seas, the gift of Heaven will pass for ever.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eShun laid the same commands on Y\u0026uuml;.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eT\u0027ang\u003c/i\u003e said, I, Thy little child Li, dare to offer this black steer,\r\nand dare to proclaim before Thee, Almighty Lord, that I dare not\r\nforgive sin, nor keep down Thy ministers. Search them, O Lord, in\r\nThine heart. If Our life be sinful, visit it not upon the ten thousand\r\nhomesteads. If the ten thousand homesteads sin, the sin is on Our\r\nhead.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eChou bestowed great gifts, and good men grew rich.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0027Loving hearts are better than near kinsmen. All the people blame no\r\none but me.\u0027\u003ca name=\"FNanchor_185_185\" id=\"FNanchor_185_185\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#Footnote_185_185\" class=\"fnanchor\"\u003e[185]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eHe saw to weights and measures, revised the laws, and brought back\r\nbroken officers. Order reigned everywhere. He revived ruined kingdoms\r\nand restored fiefs that had fallen in. All hearts below heaven turned\r\nto him. The people\u0027s food, burials and worship weighed most with him.\r\nHis bounty gained the many, his truth won the people\u0027s trust, his\r\nearnestness brought success, his justice made men glad.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_102\" id=\"Page_102\"\u003e[102]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e2. Tzu-chang asked Confucius, How should men be governed?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To govern men we must honour five fair things and\r\nspurn four evil things.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-chang said, What are the five fair things?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, A gentleman is kind, but not wasteful; he burdens,\r\nbut he does not embitter; he is covetous, but not greedy; high-minded,\r\nbut not proud; stern, but not fierce.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-chang said, What is meant by kindness without waste?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To further what furthers the people, is not that\r\nkindness without waste? If burdens be sorted to strength, who will\r\ngrumble? To covet love and get love, is that greed? Few or many, small\r\nor great, all is one to a gentleman: he dares not slight any man. Is\r\nnot this to be high-minded, but not proud? A gentleman straightens his\r\nrobe and cap, and settles his look. He is severe, and men look up to\r\nhim with awe. Is not this to be stern, but not fierce?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eTzu-chang said, What are the four evil things?\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003eThe Master said, To leave untaught and then kill is cruelty; not to\r\ngive warning and to expect things to be done is tyranny; to give\r\ncareless orders and be strict when the day comes is robbery; to be\r\nstingy in rewarding men is littleness.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e3. The Master said, He that does not know the Bidding cannot be a\r\ngentleman. Not to know good form is to have no foothold. Not to know\r\nwords is to know nothing of men.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnotes\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFOOTNOTES:\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_184_184\" id=\"Footnote_184_184\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_184_184\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[184]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e This chapter shows the principles on which China was\r\ngoverned in old times. Yao and Shun were the legendary founders of the\r\nChinese Empire, Y\u0026uuml;, T\u0027ang, and Chou were the first emperors of the\r\nhouses of Hsia, Shang and Chou, which had ruled China up till the time\r\nof Confucius.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"footnote\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca name=\"Footnote_185_185\" id=\"Footnote_185_185\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"#FNanchor_185_185\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\"\u003e[185]\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e Said by King Wu (Chou). The people blamed him for not\r\ndethroning at once the tyrant Chou Hsin.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_103\" id=\"Page_103\"\u003e[103]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e\u003ca name=\"INDEX\" id=\"INDEX\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eINDEX\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Index has been reprinted with few changes from the first edition,\r\nwhilst the book itself has been revised. There are therefore slight\r\ndifferences here and there between the two.\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"center\"\u003e(Aspirated and unaspirated letters have been treated as different\r\nletters. The aspirated letter follows immediately the unaspirated;\r\ne.g. \u003ci\u003et\u0027a\u003c/i\u003e comes after \u003ci\u003etung\u003c/i\u003e.)\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv class=\"index\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eAi\u003c/i\u003e, Duke of Lu, name Chiang, reigned 494-68 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 19, asks how to make his people loyal;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 21, asks Tsai Wo about the shrines to guardian spirits;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, asks which disciples are fond of learning;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, asks what to do in this year of dearth;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 22, does not avenge the murder of Duke of Ch\u0027i.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eAo\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 6, a man of the Hsia dynasty famous for his strength.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 15, 16 = Tzu-chang, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChao\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 14, Prince of Sung, his beauty.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChao\u003c/i\u003e, Duke of Lu, reigned 541-10 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 30 (and note), the Master deems him well bred.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChao\u003c/i\u003e, one of the great families that governed the state of Chin;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 12, Meng Kung-ch\u0027o, fit to be steward of.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChao-nan\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 10, the first book of the \u003ci\u003eBook of Poetry\u003c/i\u003e, a collection of old Chinese songs.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCheng\u003c/i\u003e, a state of ancient China;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, its wanton music;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 18, its strains confound sweet music.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi\u003c/i\u003e, or \u003ci\u003eChi-sun\u003c/i\u003e, one of the three great houses of Lu, who had grasped all power in the state. The others were Meng-sun and Shu-sun. They were all descended from Duke Huan by a concubine.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi\u003c/i\u003e, the Chi, head of the Chi clan, first Chi Huan and then Chi K\u0027ang;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, had eight rows of dancers in his hall;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, worshipped on Mount T\u0027ai;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 7, wishes to make Min Tzu-ch\u0027ien governor of Pi;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 16, richer than the Duke of Chou;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 2, Chung-kung is his steward;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 1, is about to chastise Chuan-y\u0026uuml;;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, Ching, Duke of Ch\u0027i, would set him above Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 6 = Hou Chi, director of husbandry under the Emperor Yao, and ancestor of the Chou dynasty.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, a small state.\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_104\" id=\"Page_104\"\u003e[104]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, another small state. Lord of Chi: an uncle of the tyrant Chou, last of the Yin dynasty. He was imprisoned for chiding the emperor, and to escape death feigned madness.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi Huan\u003c/i\u003e, head of the Chi clan + 491 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, accepts singing girls from Ch\u0027i.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi-kua\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, an officer of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"CHI_KANG\" id=\"CHI_KANG\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi K\u0027ang\u003c/i\u003e, of the great house of Chi of Lu, succeeded Chi Huan as chief, 491 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e (\u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 17);\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, told how to make the people respectful, faithful, and willing;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 6, asks whether certain disciples were fit for power;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_X\"\u003ex.\u003c/a\u003e 11, presents the Master with medicine;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 6, asks which disciples were fond of learning;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 17, asks how to rule;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 18, is vexed by robbers;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 19, asks whether we should kill the bad;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 20, asks how Duke Ling escapes ruin.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi-lu\u003c/i\u003e, another name for Tzu-lu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi-sui\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, an officer of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi-sun\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 38, or Chi (which see), probably Chi Huan, the head of the house.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi Tzu-ch\u0027eng\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, a lord of Wei, says, A gentleman is all nature.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi Tzu-jan\u003c/i\u003e, younger brother of Chi Huan;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 23, asks whether Yu and Ch\u0027iu are statesmen.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChi Wen\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 19, a lord of Lu, thought thrice before acting.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChieh-ni\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, says the world is a seething torrent.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChieh-y\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, a famous man of Ch\u0027u, who, disapproving of his king\u0027s conduct, supported himself by husbandry, and feigned madness in order to escape being forced into the king\u0027s service.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChien\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 22, Duke of Ch\u0027i, murdered by Ch\u0027en Ch\u0027eng 481 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChih\u003c/i\u003e, music-master of Lu; \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 15, how grand was the ending of the Kuan-ch\u0026uuml; in his day;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, went to Ch\u0027i.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChin\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 16, an ancient state. Duke Wen of Chin was deep but dishonest.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChing\u003c/i\u003e, Duke of Ch\u0027i. Confucius was in Ch\u0027i in 517 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, asks what is kingcraft;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, had a thousand teams of horses, but no man praised him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, would set Confucius between the Chi and the Meng.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChing\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, of ducal house of Wei, was wise in his private life.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChiu\u003c/i\u003e, brother of Duke Huan of Ch\u0027i;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 17, 18, slain by his brother.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChou\u003c/i\u003e, the reigning dynasty in Confucius\u0027s time, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 23,\r\n\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 14, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 21, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChou\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 20 = King Wen.\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_105\" id=\"Page_105\"\u003e[105]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChou\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003exx.\u003c/a\u003e 1 = King Wu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChou\u003c/i\u003e, the Duke of, \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 5;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, Confucius sees him no more in his dreams;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, his gifts, if coupled with pride and meanness, would not be worth a glance;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 16, the Chi richer than he;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 10, his instructions to his son.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChou\u003c/i\u003e, or \u003ci\u003eChou Hsin\u003c/i\u003e (reigned 1154-22 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), the last emperor of the house of Yin, an infamous tyrant, finally overthrown by King Wu, when he perished in his burning palace;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 20, his wickedness was not so great.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChou Jen\u003c/i\u003e, an ancient worthy;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 1, said, He that can put forth his strength….\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChu-chang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, a man who fled the world.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChuan-y\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, a small state in Lu, tributary to Lu;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 1, the Chi proposes to chastise it.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChuang of Pien\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 13, his boldness.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChung-hu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, an officer of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"CHUNG_KUNG\" id=\"CHUNG_KUNG\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eChung-kung\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius: name Jan Yung, style Chung-kung, born 523 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 4, said to have a glib tongue;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 1, might fill the seat of a prince: his views on laxity;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 4, likened to the red calf of a brindled cow;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was of noble life;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 2, asks what is love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 2, when steward of the Chi asks how to rule.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChung-mou\u003c/i\u003e, a town in Chin, belonging to the Chao family;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, held by Pi Hsi in rebellion.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChung-ni\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 22, 23 = Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChung-shu Y\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, minister of Wei, son of K\u0027ung-wen;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 20, in charge of the guests.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChung-tu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, an officer of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eChung Yu\u003c/i\u003e: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e \u003ca href=\"#TZU_LU\"\u003eTzu-lu\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0026uuml;-fu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 17, a town in Lu, Tzu-hsia governor of it.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0026uuml;eh\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, bandmaster of Lu, went to Ch\u0027in.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"CHAI\" id=\"CHAI\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027ai\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Kao Ch\u0027ai, style Tzu-kao;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 17, is simple;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 24, made governor of Pi.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027ang-ch\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, says Confucius knows the ford.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027en\u003c/i\u003e, a state in China; \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 21, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 1.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027en\u003c/i\u003e, judge of; \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 30, asks whether Duke Chao was well bred.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027en Ch\u0027eng\u003c/i\u003e, posthumous title of Ch\u0027en Heng, minister of Ch\u0027i;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 22, murders Duke Chien of Ch\u0027i.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027en K\u0027ang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 13 = Tzu-ch\u0027in, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027en Tzu-ch\u0027in\u003c/i\u003e = Tzu-ch\u0027in, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027en Wen\u003c/i\u003e, a lord of Ch\u0027i;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 18, forsook his land when Ts\u0027ui murdered the king.\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_106\" id=\"Page_106\"\u003e[106]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027i\u003c/i\u003e, a state in ancient China, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 13, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e v. 18, its king slain by Ts\u0027ui;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 3, Tzu-hua sent there;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 22, by a single revolution might equal Lu;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 16, Duke Huan of, was honest but shallow;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, Duke Ching of, had a thousand teams of horses;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, the men of, send singing girls to Chi Huan.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027i-tiao K\u0027ai\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, style Tzu-jo;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 5, wants confidence to take office.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027ih\u003c/i\u003e, the name of Kung-hsi Hua, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027in\u003c/i\u003e, a state in western China, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027iu\u003c/i\u003e, the name of Jan Yu, whom see; \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 34, the name of Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027u\u003c/i\u003e, an ancient state, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, 9.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027\u0026uuml; Po-y\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, minister of Wei, a friend of Confucius, who stayed with him when in Wei;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 26, sends an envoy to Confucius;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 6, what a gentleman he was!\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eCh\u0027\u0026uuml;eh\u003c/i\u003e, a village;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 47, a lad from, made messenger by Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eFan Ch\u0027ih\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Fan Hs\u0026uuml;, style Tzu-ch\u0027ih;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, asks meaning of obedience to parents;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 20, asks what is wisdom, and love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 21, asks how to raise the mind;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 22, asks what is love, and wisdom;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, asks to be taught husbandry;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 19, asks what is love.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eFang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 15, a town of Lu, a fief in the hands of Tsang Wu-chung.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eFang-shu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, drum-master of Lu, crossed the river.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHan\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, the river that enters the Yangtze at Hankow.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHsia\u003c/i\u003e = China, also the name of a dynasty, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 23, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, 21, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 10.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHsiang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, who played the sounding stones, crossed the sea.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHsieh\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 12, a small state: Meng Kung-ch\u0027o not fit to be minister of.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHsien\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 1: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e\u003ca href=\"#YUUAN_SSU\"\u003e Y\u0026uuml;an Ssu\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHsien\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 19, steward to Kung-shu Wen; goes to court with him.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 28, a village: it was ill talking to the people of.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHuan\u003c/i\u003e, the three;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 3, the three sons of Duke Huan of Lu, from whom the families of Meng, Shu, and Chi were descended, as also the powerless reigning duke of Lu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHuan\u003c/i\u003e, Duke of Ch\u0027i: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 17;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 16, was honest but shallow;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 17, 18, slays the young duke Chiu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHuan T\u0027ui\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 22, an officer of Sung, cannot harm the Master, if Heaven protect him.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eHui\u003c/i\u003e: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e \u003ca href=\"#YEN_YUAN\"\u003eYen Y\u0026uuml;an\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_107\" id=\"Page_107\"\u003e[107]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eJan Ch\u0027iu\u003c/i\u003e: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e\u003ca href=\"#JAN_YU\"\u003e Jan Yu.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eJan Po-niu\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Jan Keng, style Po-niu, born 544 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e; \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was of noble life.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"JAN_YU\" id=\"JAN_YU\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eJan Yu\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Jan Ch\u0027in, style Tzu-yu, born 520 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, cannot stop the Chi worshipping on Mount T\u0027ai;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 7, the Master cannot say that he has love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 3, gives Tzu-hua\u0027s mother grain;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 6, has ability and so is fit to govern;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 10, lacks strength to follow Confucius;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 14, asks whether the Master is for the King of Wei;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was a statesman;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, was fresh and frank;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 16, is tax-gatherer to the Chi;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 21, asks whether he shall do all that he is taught;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 23, is a tool, not a statesman;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 25, wishes for charge of sixty, or seventy, square miles;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, drives the Master towards Wei;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 14, says business of state detained him at court;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 13, his skill;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 1, is minister to the Chi, when he proposes to attack Chuan-y\u0026uuml;.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eJu Pei\u003c/i\u003e, an officer of Lu, who had been taught by Confucius;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, wishes to see Confucius, who pleads sickness.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKan\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, music-master of Lu, went to Ch\u0027u.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKao-tsung\u003c/i\u003e, the Emperor Wu Ting of the house of Yin, reigned 1324-1265 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 43, on the death of his predecessor did not speak for three years.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKao-yao\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 22, made criminal judge by Shun and evil vanished.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKuan Chung\u003c/i\u003e, personal name Yi-wu, chief minister to Duke Huan of Ch\u0027i, + 645 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e notes to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 22, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 17;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 22, Confucius calls him shallow;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, he thrust the Po from the town of Pien;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 17, would not die with the young duke Chiu;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 18, should he have drowned in a ditch?\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKung-ch\u0027o\u003c/i\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 13: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e \u003ca href=\"#MENG_KUNG_CHO\"\u003eMeng Kung-ch\u0027o\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"KUNG_HSI_HUA\" id=\"KUNG_HSI_HUA\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eKung-hsi Hua\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Kung-hsi Ch\u0027ih, style Tzu-hua, born in Lu, 510 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e He was entrusted with the management of the Master\u0027s funeral;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 7, the Master cannot say whether he has love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 3, sent to Ch\u0027i; Confucius is asked to give his mother grain;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 33, says the disciples cannot learn the Master\u0027s endless craving;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 21, is puzzled by the Master\u0027s different answers;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 25, would like to play an humble part in Ancestral Temple.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKung-ming Chia\u003c/i\u003e a man of Wei;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 14, says Kung-shu Wen speaks when it is time to speak.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKung-shan Fu-jao\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, a confederate of Yang Huo, held Pi in rebellion.\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_108\" id=\"Page_108\"\u003e[108]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKung-shu\u003c/i\u003e, the name of a great family in Wei.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKung-shu Wen\u003c/i\u003e, of the above family, a minister of Wei;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 14, said not to speak, or laugh, or take a gift;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 19, goes to court with his ex-steward.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKung-sun Ch\u0027ao\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 22, asks, \u0027Where did Confucius get his learning?\u0027\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eKung-yeh Ch\u0027ang\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 1, married to Confucius\u0027s daughter, though he had been in prison.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eK\u0027ang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_X\"\u003ex.\u003c/a\u003e 11: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e \u003ca href=\"#CHI_KANG\"\u003eChi K\u0027ang.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eK\u0027uang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 5;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 22, a place where the Master was affrighted.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eK\u0027ung Ch\u0027iu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, Confucius\u0027s name in Chinese. His style was Chung-ni.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eK\u0027ung-wen\u003c/i\u003e, the posthumous title of K\u0027ung Y\u0026uuml;, a lord of Wei;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 14, why he was styled cultured.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLao\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Ch\u0027in Lao, style Tzu-k\u0027ai;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 6, quotes the Master\u0027s saying that he learned a trade.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 7, Confucius\u0027s son: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e \u003ca href=\"#PO_YU\"\u003ePo-y\u0026uuml;\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003exx.\u003c/a\u003e 1 = T\u0027ang, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLiao\u003c/i\u003e, the duke\u0027s uncle; \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 38, a man of Lu, slanders Tzu-lu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLiao\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, bandmaster of Lu, went to Ts\u0027ai.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLin Fang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, a man of Lu, asks what gives life to ceremony;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, he and Mount T\u0027ai.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLing\u003c/i\u003e, Duke of Wei, the husband of Nan-tzu (\u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 26), reigned 533-492 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 20, his wickedness;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 1, asks about the line of battle.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLiu-hsia Hui\u003c/i\u003e, flourished about 600 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 13;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 13, Tsang Wen would not stand by him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was thrice dismissed when judge;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, bent his will and shamed the body.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLu\u003c/i\u003e, the native state of Confucius, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 23, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 2, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 22, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 14, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 13, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 15.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eLu\u003c/i\u003e, Duke of, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 10, the son of the Duke of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng\u003c/i\u003e, or \u003ci\u003eMeng-sun\u003c/i\u003e, one of the three great families that were all-powerful in Lu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, the head of the Meng clan, Meng Yi.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng\u003c/i\u003e, the, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 19, makes Yang Fu criminal judge.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng Chih-fan\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 13, a lord of Lu, never bragged.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng Ching\u003c/i\u003e, son of Meng Wu, a lord of Lu;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, comes to ask after the dying Tseng-tzu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng Chuang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 18, head of the Meng clan, his piety.\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_109\" id=\"Page_109\"\u003e[109]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"MENG_KUNG_CHO\" id=\"MENG_KUNG_CHO\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng Kung-ch\u0027o\u003c/i\u003e head of the Meng clan, minister of Lu;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 12, not fit to be minister of T\u0027eng or Hsieh;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 13, his greedlessness.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng Wu\u003c/i\u003e, posthumous name of Meng Hsi, a lord of Lu, son of Meng Yi;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, told that his parents are concerned for his health;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 7, asks whether certain disciples have love.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeng Yi\u003c/i\u003e, the posthumous name of Ho-chi, head of the Meng-sun, or Chung-sun, clan in Lu: a contemporary of Confucius;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, asks the duty of a son;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, Ching, Duke of Ch\u0027i, would set him below Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMien\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 41, a blind music-master of Lu, comes to see Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eMin Tzu-ch\u0027ien\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Min Sun, style Tzu-ch\u0027ien;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 7, would rather cross the Wen than be governor of Pi;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was of noble life;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 4, how good a son he was!\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, his winning strength;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 13, does not talk, but what he says hits the mark.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eNan Jung\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 1, given Confucius\u0027s niece as wife;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 5, would thrice repeat \u003ci\u003eThe Sceptre White\u003c/i\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eNan-kung Kuo\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, style Tzu-jung, perhaps the same man as Nan Jung;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 6, how he prizes worth.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eNan-tzu\u003c/i\u003e, wife of Ling, Duke of Wei, a dissolute woman;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 26, Confucius sees her.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eNing Wu\u003c/i\u003e, posthumous title of Ning Y\u0026uuml;, a lord of Wei;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 20, such simplicity as his is beyond our reach.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePi\u003c/i\u003e, a town of Lu, belonging to the Chi;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 7, Min Tzu-ch\u0027ien refuses the governorship of;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 24, Tzu-kao made governor of;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 1, Chuan-y\u0026uuml; is strong and close to Pi;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, held in rebellion by Kung-shan Fu-jao.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePi Hsi\u003c/i\u003e, governor of Chung-mou in Chin for the family of Chao;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, summons Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePi-kan\u003c/i\u003e, uncle of the tyrant Chou (reigned 1154-22 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), last of the house of Yin;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, died for his reproofs.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePien\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, a town in Lu given to Kuan Chung.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePo\u003c/i\u003e, the, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, a lord of Ch\u0027i. Duke Huan takes from him the town of Pien and gives it to Kuan Chung.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePo-kuo\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, an officer of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePo-niu\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Jan Keng, style Po-niu, born 544 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 8, why should he die of such an illness?\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePo-ta\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, an officer of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003ePo-yi\u003c/i\u003e, elder brother of Shu-ch\u0027i, lived in twelfth century \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e; \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 22;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 22, never recalled past wickedness;\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_110\" id=\"Page_110\"\u003e[110]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 14, did not rue the past;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, men still sound his praises;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, would not bend the will.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"PO_YU\" id=\"PO_YU\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003ePo-y\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, Confucius\u0027s son;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 7, buried without an outer coffin;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 13, told by his father to study poetry and courtesy;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 10, asked whether he had done the Chou-nan.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eP\u0027eng\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, a man of the Shang dynasty: Confucius likens himself to him.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eP\u0027i Shen\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 9, a lord of Cheng, who drafted the decrees.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShang\u003c/i\u003e, the name of Tzu-hsia, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShao\u003c/i\u003e, the music of the time of Shun;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 25, its beauty;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 13, after hearing it the Master knew not the taste of meat for three months;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, choose for music the Shao and its dance.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShao Hu\u003c/i\u003e, a man of Ch\u0027i: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 17;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 17, died with the young duke Chiu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShao-lien\u003c/i\u003e, a man supposed to have belonged to the savage tribes of eastern China;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, he shamed the body.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShao-nan\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 10, the second book of the \u003ci\u003eBook of Poetry\u003c/i\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShe\u003c/i\u003e, a district in Ch\u0027u.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShe\u003c/i\u003e, Duke of, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 18, asks Tzu-lu about Confucius, and is not answered;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 16, asks about government;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 18, says in his home an upright son bears witness against his father.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShen\u003c/i\u003e, the name of Tseng-tzu, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShen Ch\u0027ang\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, style Tzu-chou;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 10, is passionate, cannot be firm.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShih\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 15 = Tzu-chang, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShih-men\u003c/i\u003e, a pass on the frontier of Ch\u0027i;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 41, Tzu-lu spends a night there.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShih-shu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 9, a lord of Cheng, criticised the decrees.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShou-yang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, a mountain: Po-yi and Shu-Ch\u0027i died at its foot.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShu-ch\u0027i\u003c/i\u003e, younger brother of Po-yi, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShu-hsia\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, an officer of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShu-sun Wu-shu\u003c/i\u003e, chief of the Shu-sun, Meng-sun, or Meng family, one of the three great houses of Lu, who controlled the state;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 23, says Tzu-kung is greater than Confucius;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 24, decries Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShu-yeh\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 11, an officer of Chou.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eShun\u003c/i\u003e, an emperor, successor of Yao (reigned 2255-05 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e);\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 28, still yearned to treat all with bounty;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 18, it was sublime how he swayed the world and made light of it;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, had five ministers, and order reigned;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 22, raised Kao-yao, and evil vanished;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 45, still struggled to bring peace to all men;\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_111\" id=\"Page_111\"\u003e[111]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 4, ruled doing nothing;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003exx.\u003c/a\u003e 1, his instructions from Yao on coming to the throne.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eSsu-ma Niu\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Ssu-ma Keng, style Tzu-niu, a brother of Huan T\u0027ui;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, asks what is love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, asks what is a gentleman;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, his sorrow at having no brothers.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eSung\u003c/i\u003e, a state, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 14.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTa-hsiang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 2, a village: a man from, says Confucius has made no name.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTan-t\u0027ai Mieh-ming\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, style Tzu-y\u0026uuml;;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, would not take a short cut.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTien\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 25 = Tseng Hsi, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTing\u003c/i\u003e, Duke, ruler of Lu, whilst Confucius was in office, reigned 509-495 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 19, asks how kings should treat ministers;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 15, asks whether any one saying can bless a kingdom.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"TSAI_WO\" id=\"TSAI_WO\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eTsai Wo\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Tsai Y\u0026uuml;, style Tzu-wo, died 480 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 21, explains what trees were planted round the shrines of guardian spirits;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 9, slept in the daytime;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 24, asks whether a man who loves would go down a well;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was a talker;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 21, thought one year\u0027s mourning enough.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTsai Y\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e: see \u003ca href=\"#TSAI_WO\"\u003eTsai Wo\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTsang Wen\u003c/i\u003e, a minister of Lu;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 17, lodged his tortoise in a sculptured house;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 13, filched his post.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTsang Wu-chung\u003c/i\u003e, a minister of Lu, in the time of Confucius\u0027s father;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 13, his wisdom;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 15, forces his king\u0027s hand.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTseng Hsi\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Tseng Tien, style Hsi, the father of Tseng-tzu;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 25, the Master sides with him in his wish.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTseng-tzu\u003c/i\u003e (the Master, or philosopher Tseng), a disciple of Confucius, name Tseng Shen, style Tzu-y\u0026uuml;, born in Lu, 505 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, died 437 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 4, questions himself thrice daily;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 9, tells how to revive the good in men;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IV\"\u003eiv.\u003c/a\u003e 15, says Master\u0027s teaching hangs on faithfulness and fellow-feeling;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, when sick tells his disciples to uncover his feet and arms;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, says when man must die his words are good;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, when we can, to ask those that cannot;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, says a man is a gentleman if no crisis can corrupt him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, says a knight had need be strong and bold;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 17, is dull;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 24, says a gentleman gathers friends by culture;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 28, says a gentleman is bent on keeping his place;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 16, says Tzu-chang is so magnificent;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 17, says man shows what is in him in mourning a near one;\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_112\" id=\"Page_112\"\u003e[112]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 18, says Meng Chuang in not changing his father\u0027s rule is hard to rival;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 19, tells Yang Fu not to be puffed with joy.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTso Ch\u0027iu-ming\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 24, an ancient, his view of what is shameful.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTung Meng\u003c/i\u003e, or \u003ci\u003eEast Meng\u003c/i\u003e, a mountain in Lu, at the foot of which lay the small state of Chuan-y\u0026uuml;, whose ruler had the right to sacrifice to the mountain, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 1.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-chang\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Chuan-sun Shih, style Tzu-chang, born 504 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 18, told how pay comes;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 23, told how far the future can be known;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 18, asks whether Tzu-wen had love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 15, goes too far;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 17, is smooth;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 19, asks the way of a good man;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, asks what is insight;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 10, asks how to raise the mind;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 14, asks what is kingcraft;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, asks what is eminence;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 43, asks what is meant by Kao-tsung not speaking for three years;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 5, asks how to get on;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 41, asks, \u0027Is this the way to treat a music-master?\u0027;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, asks what is love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 1, defines a knight;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 2, says goodness blindly clutched is nought;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 3, asked about friendship by Tzu-hsia\u0027s disciples;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 15, Tzu-yu thinks him void of love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 16, his magnificence;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003exx.\u003c/a\u003e 2, asks how men should be governed.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-chien\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Fu Pu-ch\u0027i, style Tzu-chien;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 2, what a gentleman he is!\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-ch\u0027an\u003c/i\u003e, chief minister of Cheng in the time of Confucius;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 15, the four things that marked him a gentleman;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 9, gave the final touches to the decrees;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, a kind-hearted man.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-ch\u0027in\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Ch\u0027en K\u0027ang, style Tzu-ch\u0027in, or Tzu-k\u0027ang, born 512 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 10, asks how the Master learns how lands are governed;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 13, asks whether Po-y\u0026uuml; had heard anything uncommon from his father;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 25, says the Master is no greater than Tzu-kung.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-fu Ching-po\u003c/i\u003e, minister to the Chi;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 38, has strength to expose Liao\u0027s body in the market-place;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 23, tells Tzu-kung that Shu-sun thinks him greater than Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-hsi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, chief minister to the state of Ch\u0027u. He refused to be appointed successor to the throne in place of the true heir; but did not oppose his master\u0027s faults, and prevented him employing Confucius.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-hsia\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Pu Shang, style Tzu-hsia, born 507 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 7, says a man who knows how to do his duty is learned;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, told that a son\u0027s manner is of importance;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, the Master can talk of poetry to him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 11, told to read to become a gentleman;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was a man of culture;\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_113\" id=\"Page_113\"\u003e[113]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 15, does not go far enough;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, says all within the four seas are brethren;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 22, says Shun raised Kao-yao, and evil vanished;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 17, when governor of Ch\u0026uuml;-fu asks how to rule;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 3, says cling to worthy friends;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 4, says small ways end in mire;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 5, says he who recalls each day his faults is fond of learning;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 6, says in wide learning and singleness of aim love is found;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 7, says through study a gentleman reaches truth;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 8, says the vulgar gloss their faults;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 9, says a gentleman alters thrice;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 10, says a gentleman will not lay on burdens before he is trusted;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 11, says if we keep within the bounds of honour, we may ignore propriety;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 12, says, Should a gentleman\u0027s training bewilder him?;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 13, says a scholar with his spare strength should serve the crown.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-hua\u003c/i\u003e: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e\u003ca href=\"#KUNG_HSI_HUA\"\u003e Kung-hsi Hua\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-kao\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 24: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e\u003ca href=\"#CHAI\"\u003e Ch\u0027ai\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"TZU_KUNG\" id=\"TZU_KUNG\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-kung\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Tuan-mu Tz\u0027u, style Tzu-kung, born 520 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 10, tells how the Master learns about government;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 15, asks were it well to be poor but no flatterer;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 13, told that a gentleman sorts words to deeds;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 17, wishes to do away with sheep offering at new moon;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 3, is a vessel;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 8, cannot aspire to Yen Y\u0026uuml;an;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 11, wishes not to do unto others what he would not wish done to him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 12, not allowed to hear the Master on life or the Way of Heaven;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 14, asks why K\u0027ung-wen was styled cultured;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 6, is intelligent, and so fit to govern;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 28, asks whether to treat the people with bounty were love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 14, will ask the Master whether he is for the King of Wei;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 6, says the Master is many sided;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 12, asks whether a beautiful stone should be hidden away;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was a talker;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, was fresh and frank;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 15, asks whether Shih or Shang is the better man;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 18, hoards up substance;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, asks what is kingcraft;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, says no team overtakes the tongue;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 23, asks about friends;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, asks what is a good crown servant;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 24, asks were it right for a man to be liked by all;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 18, thinks Kuan Chung showed want of love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 31, would compare one man with another;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 37, asks what the Master means by no man knowing him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 2, thinks the Master a man who learns much;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 9, asks how to attain to love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 23, asks whether one word can cover the duty of man;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 19, says were Master silent, what could disciples tell;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 24, asks whether a gentleman hates;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 20, says the wickedness of Chou was not so great;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 21, says a prince\u0027s faults are like the darkening of sun or moon;\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_114\" id=\"Page_114\"\u003e[114]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 22, says the lore of Wen and Wu lives in men;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 23, Shu-sun thinks him greater than Confucius;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 24, says the Master cannot be cried down;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 25, says none can come up to the Master.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"TZU_LU\" id=\"TZU_LU\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-lu\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Chung Yu, style Tzu-lu, or Chi-lu, born 543 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, died 484 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 17, told what is understanding;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 6, the Master would take him with him to scour the seas;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 7, the Master cannot say that he has love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 13, before he could carry a thing out, dreaded to hear more;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 25, tells his wishes;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 6, is firm, and so could govern;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 26, displeased at Master seeing Nan-tzu;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 10, asks the Master whom he would like to help him command an army;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 18, does not answer the Duke of She\u0027s question about Master;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 34, asks leave to pray when the Master is ill;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 11, makes disciples act as ministers;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 26, would stand unabashed in a tattered cloak;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_X\"\u003ex.\u003c/a\u003e 18, gets on scent with Master;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was a statesman;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 11, asks about death;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, will die before his time;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 14, what has his lute to do twanging at Master\u0027s door?\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 17, is coarse;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 21, asks shall he carry out all that he learns;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 23, is a tool, not a statesman;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 24, the Master hates his glib tongue;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 25, wishes for charge of a state crushed by great neighbours;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 12, never slept over a promise;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, asks how to rule;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, says King of Wei looks to the Master to govern;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 28, asks when can a man be called a knight;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 13, asks what were a full-grown man;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 17, says Kuan Chung showed want of love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 23, asks how to serve the king;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 38, slandered by Liao;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 41, spends a night at Shih-men;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 45, asks what is a gentleman;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 1, cannot hide his vexation;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 3, told how few know great-heartedness;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVI\"\u003exvi.\u003c/a\u003e 1, is minister to the Chi, when he proposes to attack Chuan-y\u0026uuml;;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 5, asks how could the Master join Kung-shan;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, asks how could the Master join Pi Hsi;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, asked has he heard the six words and the six they sink into;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 23, asks does a gentleman honour courage;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 6, asks Ch\u0027ang-ch\u0026uuml; where the ford is;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, meets an old man bearing a basket.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-sang Po-tzu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 1, a man of Lu, is lax.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-wen\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 18, chief minister of Ch\u0027u, his characteristics.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-yu\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Yen Yen, style Tzu-yu, born 510 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, told that feeding parents is not the whole duty of a son;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IV\"\u003eiv.\u003c/a\u003e 26, says nagging at princes brings disgrace;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, when governor of Wu-ch\u0027eng has Tan-t\u0027ai Mieh-ming;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was a man of culture;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, encourages music in Wu-ch\u0027eng;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 12, says Tzu-hsia\u0027s disciples can sprinkle the floor;\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_115\" id=\"Page_115\"\u003e[115]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 14, says mourning should only stretch to grief;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 15, says Tzu-chang is void of love.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTzu-y\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 9, a lord of Cheng, polished the decrees.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eT\u0027ai\u003c/i\u003e, a mountain, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 6.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eT\u0027ai-po\u003c/i\u003e, eldest son of King T\u0027ai of Chou. His brother was the father of King Wen, whose son King Wu dethroned Chou Hsin and founded the Chou dynasty, that was reigning in China in Confucius\u0027s time: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 1;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, thrice he declined the throne.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eT\u0027ang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, the dynastic title of the Emperor Yao.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eT\u0027ang\u003c/i\u003e, the founder of the Shang dynasty, reigned 1766-53 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 22, raised Yi-yin, and evil vanished;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003exx.\u003c/a\u003e 1, his form of prayer.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eT\u0027eng\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 12, a small state: Meng Kung-ch\u0027o not fit to be minister of.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eT\u0027o\u003c/i\u003e, an officer of Wei holding a post in the temple;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 14, his glibness;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 20, in charge of Ancestral Temple.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTs\u0027ai\u003c/i\u003e, a state, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTs\u0027ui\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 18, a lord of Ch\u0027i, murdered his lord, 547 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eTz\u0027u\u003c/i\u003e: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e \u003ca href=\"#TZU_LU\"\u003eTzu-kung\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWang-sun Chia\u003c/i\u003e, a minister of Wei;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 13, thinks it best to court the kitchen god;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 20, in charge of the troops.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWei\u003c/i\u003e, one of the three great families that governed the state of Chin;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 12, Meng Kung-ch\u0027o fit to be steward of.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWei\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, a small state in western China.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWei\u003c/i\u003e, another state in China, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 14, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 7, 8, 9, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 42, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 22.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWei\u003c/i\u003e, King of: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e note to \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 14;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 14, Confucius not on his side;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIII\"\u003exiii.\u003c/a\u003e 3, looks to Confucius to govern.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWei\u003c/i\u003e, the lord of, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, an elder brother by a concubine of the tyrant Chou Hsin (reigned 1154-22 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), last of the Yin dynasty. He fled from court, since he could not improve his brother.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWei-sheng Kao\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 23, begs vinegar from another to give to beggar.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWei-sheng Mou\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 34, an old man who had fled the world, asks how Confucius finds roosts to roost on.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWen\u003c/i\u003e, Duke of Chin, reigned 636-28 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, the leading man in China in his day,\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 16, was deep but dishonest.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWen\u003c/i\u003e, King, Duke of Chou, born 1231 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, died 1135 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e, the father of King Wu, founder of the Chou line of emperors;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, holding two-thirds of world submitted all to Yin;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 5, since his death Confucius is the home of culture;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 22, his Way lives in men.\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_116\" id=\"Page_116\"\u003e[116]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 25, the music of King Wu, less noble than that of Shun.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, tambourine master of Lu, crossed the Han.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWu\u003c/i\u003e, King, the founder of the Chou dynasty, reigned 1122-15 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, had ten able ministers;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 22, his Way lives in men;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003exx.\u003c/a\u003e 1, his principles of government.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWu-ch\u0027eng\u003c/i\u003e, a small town of Lu;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 12, Tzu-yu governor of it;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, as the Master draws near he hears lute and song.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eWu-ma Ch\u0027i\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Wu-ma Shih, style Tzu-ch\u0027i, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 30.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYang\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, assistant bandmaster of Lu, crossed the sea.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYang Fu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 19, a disciple of Tseng-tzu, made judge.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYang Huo\u003c/i\u003e, chief minister of the Chi, with whom he was long all-powerful; on one occasion he imprisoned his master; in 501 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e he was forced to leave Lu;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, wishes to see Confucius;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, accepts music girls.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYao\u003c/i\u003e, the first Emperor of China (2357-2255 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e);\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 28, still yearned to treat all with bounty;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 19, his greatness was like Heaven;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, the wealth in talent of his last days;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 45, struggled to grow better and make all happy;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003exx.\u003c/a\u003e 1, his commands to Shun.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYen\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 4, = Tzu-yu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYen Lu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 7, father of Yen Y\u0026uuml;an, asks for Master\u0027s carriage to provide an outer coffin.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYen P\u0027ing\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 16, was versed in friendship.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYen Yu\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIX\"\u003exix.\u003c/a\u003e 12 = Tzu-yu.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"YEN_YUAN\" id=\"YEN_YUAN\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eYen Y\u0026uuml;an\u003c/i\u003e (514-483 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), the favourite disciple of Confucius, name Yen Hui, style Tzu-y\u0026uuml;an;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, is no dullard;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 8, Tzu-kung cannot compare with him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 25, tells his wishes to the Master;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, made no mistake twice;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 5, for three months together did not sin against love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 9, his mirth under hardship;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VII\"\u003evii.\u003c/a\u003e 10, could both fill a post and live happy without;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 10, says, As I gaze it grows higher;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 19, was never listless when spoken to;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_IX\"\u003eix.\u003c/a\u003e 20, had never been seen to stop;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 2, was of noble life;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 3, the Master got no help from him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 6, was fond of learning;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 7, dies: his father asks for the Master\u0027s carriage;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 8, dies: the Master says, I am undone;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 9, dies: the Master overcome by grief;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 10, the disciples bury him in state;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 18, is almost faultless;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XI\"\u003exi.\u003c/a\u003e 22, would not brave death whilst his Master lives;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 1, asks what is love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, asks how to rule a kingdom.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 6, a famous archer of the Hsia dynasty, who slew the emperor and usurped his throne, but was afterwards killed in his turn.\r\n\u003cspan class=\u0027pagenum\u0027\u003e\u003ca name=\"Page_117\" id=\"Page_117\"\u003e[117]\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 24, a small town on the borders of Wei: the warden says Confucius is a warning bell.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYi-yi\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, lived in hiding, but gave the rein to his tongue.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYi-yin\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 22 (and \u003ci\u003enote\u003c/i\u003e), made minister, and evil vanished.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYin\u003c/i\u003e dynasty (2205-1766 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), also called Shang, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_II\"\u003eii.\u003c/a\u003e 23, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_III\"\u003eiii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, 21, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 10, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 1.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYu\u003c/i\u003e, the name of Tzu-lu, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"YU_JO\" id=\"YU_JO\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eYu Jo\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, style Tzu-jo, sometimes called Yu-tzu, the philosopher Yu, born 520 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 2, says that to be a good son is the root of love;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 12, says courtesy consists in ease;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_I\"\u003ei.\u003c/a\u003e 13, says if promises hug the right, word can be kept;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XII\"\u003exii.\u003c/a\u003e 9, tells Duke Ai to tithe the people.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYu-tzu\u003c/i\u003e: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e\u003ca href=\"#YU_JO\"\u003eYu Jo\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eYung\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_V\"\u003ev.\u003c/a\u003e 4: \u003ci\u003esee\u003c/i\u003e\u003ca href=\"#CHUNG_KUNG\"\u003e Chung-kung.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eY\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 20, the dynastic title of Shun, whom see.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eY\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XV\"\u003exv.\u003c/a\u003e 6, a minister of Wei, his straightness.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eY\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVII\"\u003exvii.\u003c/a\u003e 21 = Tsai Wo.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eY\u0026uuml;\u003c/i\u003e, an ancient emperor (reigned 2205-2197 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e), founder of the Hsia dynasty, chosen by Shun as his successor;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 18, he swayed the world and made light of it;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VIII\"\u003eviii.\u003c/a\u003e 21, no flaw in him;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 6, toiled at his crops and won the world;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XX\"\u003exx.\u003c/a\u003e 1, his instructions on coming to the throne.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eY\u0026uuml;-chung\u003c/i\u003e, the younger brother of T\u0027ai-po. He accompanied him in his flight to the wild tribes of Wu (the country round Shanghai), in order to let the third brother come to the throne, and succeeded T\u0027ai-po as ruler of that people;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XVIII\"\u003exviii.\u003c/a\u003e 8, lived in hiding, but gave the rein to his tongue.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ci\u003eY\u0026uuml;an Jang\u003c/i\u003e, an old, eccentric acquaintance of Confucius;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 46, awaits the Master squatting.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca name=\"YUUAN_SSU\" id=\"YUUAN_SSU\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003ci\u003eY\u0026uuml;an Ssu\u003c/i\u003e, a disciple of Confucius, name Y\u0026uuml;an Hsien, style Tzu-ssu, born 516 \u003cspan class=\"smcap\"\u003eb.c.\u003c/span\u003e;\r\n\u003cul class=\"IX\"\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_VI\"\u003evi.\u003c/a\u003e 3, refuses his pay as governor;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e \u003ca href=\"#BOOK_XIV\"\u003exiv.\u003c/a\u003e 1, asks what is shame.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c/div\u003e\r\n\u003chr style=\"width: 65%;\" /\u003e\r\n\u003c/article\u003e"}],"SectionSequence":["Back Link","Work Title","Deck","Author","Period","Era","Composition","Date Note","Region","Terra Avita","Terra Avita Region","Modern Country","Original Title","Language","Primary Discipline","Secondary Discipline","Tradition","Full Versions","Core Thesis","Classification","Arguments","Influence","Significance","Evidence Note","Full Text"],"Counts":{"ContextCards":3,"GeoCards":4,"DisciplineCards":2,"Links":11,"Sections":25,"Styles":3,"Scripts":1}}