Mathematical Manuscripts
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publication history is posthumous and documented.","GeoCards":[{"Label":"Region","Key":"Region:1"},{"Label":"Terra Avita","Key":"TerraAvita:1"},{"Label":"Terra Avita Region","Key":"TerraAvitaRegion:3"},{"Label":"Modern Country","Key":"Country:DEU:1"}],"OriginalTitle":"Mathematische Manuskripte","Language":"German / French / English","DisciplineCards":[{"Label":"Primary Discipline","Key":"Discipline:logic"},{"Label":"Secondary Discipline","Key":"Discipline:philosophy-of-science"}],"Tradition":"Historical materialism / critique of political economy","FullText":{"Title":"Full Text","Copy":"Full text from Marxists Internet Archive: Mathematical Manuscripts .","Url":"","Label":"","Kicker":"","Cards":[]},"CoreThesis":["Marx studies calculus, mathematical method, limits, derivatives, and symbolic reasoning in late manuscript notes."],"Classification":{"AlternateTitles":"Mathematical Manuscripts","KeyConcepts":"mathematics; calculus; limits; derivative; method; science; notation; logic","Methodology":"Historical-materialist analysis, critique of political economy, dialectical critique, philosophical polemic, archival manuscript work, journalism, and social theory.","Structure":"The page records an approved Marx work with explicit year, source evidence, and visible coauthorship, manuscript, posthumous, or Engels-edited status where needed."},"Arguments":["Marx studies calculus, mathematical method, limits, derivatives, and symbolic reasoning in late manuscript notes."],"Influence":{"InfluencedBy":"Hegel, Feuerbach, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Aristotle, Epicurus, French socialism, British political economy, and nineteenth-century revolutionary politics.","InfluenceOn":""},"Significance":["Included as one of the twenty-seven direct Karl Marx work pages approved for the Karl Marx full-process repair.","The work anchors Marx\u0027s continuing relevance for capitalism, labor, alienation, class, ideology, religion critique, political economy, state power, social transformation, and historical explanation."],"EvidenceNote":["Accepted as late manuscript evidence through Marxists archive, catalog, and scholarship; HasFullText remains false."],"MainSections":[{"Kind":"RawSection","Title":"Full Versions","BodyHtml":"\u003cdiv class=\"dz-philo__full-version-grid\"\u003e\n \u003carticle class=\"dz-philo__full-version-card\"\u003e\n \u003cp class=\"dz-philo__full-version-provider\"\u003eMarxists Internet Archive\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003ch3 class=\"dz-philo__full-version-title\"\u003eMathematical Manuscripts\u003c/h3\u003e\n \u003cp class=\"dz-philo__full-version-meta\"\u003eHtmlText · LinkOnlyReady\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003ca class=\"dz-philo__full-version-link\" href=\"https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1881/mathematical-manuscripts/index.html\"\u003eOpen full version\u003c/a\u003e\n \u003c/article\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e"},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Core Thesis","Paragraphs":["Marx studies calculus, mathematical method, limits, derivatives, and symbolic reasoning in late manuscript notes."]},{"Kind":"FieldSection","Title":"Classification","Fields":[{"Label":"Alternate Titles","Value":"Mathematical Manuscripts"},{"Label":"Key Concepts","Value":"mathematics; calculus; limits; derivative; method; science; notation; logic"},{"Label":"Methodology","Value":"Historical-materialist analysis, critique of political economy, dialectical critique, philosophical polemic, archival manuscript work, journalism, and social theory."},{"Label":"Structure","Value":"The page records an approved Marx work with explicit year, source evidence, and visible coauthorship, manuscript, posthumous, or Engels-edited status where needed."}]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Arguments","Paragraphs":["Marx studies calculus, mathematical method, limits, derivatives, and symbolic reasoning in late manuscript notes."]},{"Kind":"FieldSection","Title":"Influence","Fields":[{"Label":"Influenced By","Value":"Hegel, Feuerbach, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Aristotle, Epicurus, French socialism, British political economy, and nineteenth-century revolutionary politics."},{"Label":"Influence On","Value":"Marxism, socialism, communism, critical theory, labor movements, political economy, sociology, social philosophy, philosophy of history, and twentieth-century continental thought."}]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Significance","Paragraphs":["Included as one of the twenty-seven direct Karl Marx work pages approved for the Karl Marx full-process repair.","The work anchors Marx\u0027s continuing relevance for capitalism, labor, alienation, class, ideology, religion critique, political economy, state power, social transformation, and historical explanation."]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Evidence Note","Paragraphs":["Accepted as late manuscript evidence through Marxists archive, catalog, and scholarship; HasFullText remains false."]},{"Kind":"RawSection","Title":"Full Text","BodyHtml":"\u003cp class=\"dz-philo__section-copy dz-philo__full-text-source\"\u003eFull text from \u003ca href=\"https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1881/mathematical-manuscripts/index.html\"\u003eMarxists Internet Archive: Mathematical Manuscripts\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003carticle class=\"dz-philo__full-text-body\"\u003e\n\u003ch1\u003eMarx\u0027s Mathematical Manuscripts\u003c/h1\u003e\r\n\u003chr\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eWritten\u003c/span\u003e: 1881;\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eSource\u003c/span\u003e: Marx\u0027s Mathematical Manuscripts, New Park Publications, 1983;\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eFirst published\u003c/span\u003e: in Russian translation, in \u003cem\u003ePod znamenem marksizma\u003c/em\u003e, 1933;\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cspan\u003eTranscribed:\u003c/span\u003e \u003ca href=\"../../../../../admin/volunteers/biographies/ablunden.htm\"\u003eAndy Blunden\u003c/a\u003e and Gabriel Silva.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003chr\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ch2\u003eTable of Contents\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n \u003ca href=\"ch01.html\"\u003ePublisher\u0026#8217;s Note\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n \u003ca href=\"ch02.html\"\u003ePreface to the 1968 Russian edition\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n \u003ca href=\"../../1865/letters/65_05_20-abs.htm\"\u003eLetter from Marx to Engels, May 20, 1865\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n \u003ca href=\"../../1881/letters/81_08_10a.htm\"\u003eLetter from Engels to Marx, August 10, 1881\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n \u003ca href=\"../../1882/letters/82_11_21.htm\"\u003eLetter from Engels to Marx, November 21, 1882\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n \u003ca href=\"../../1882/letters/82_11_22.htm\"\u003eLetter from Marx to Engels, November 22, 1882\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch3\u003eThe Manuscripts\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\t\u003ch4\u003eTwo Manuscripts on Differential Calculus\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch03.html\"\u003e\u0026#8216;On the Concept of the Derived Function\u0026#8217;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch04.html\"\u003eOn the Differential\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch4\u003eDrafts and supplements on the work \u0026#8216;On the Differential\u0026#8217;[33]\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch05.html\"\u003eFirst Draft\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch06.html\"\u003eSecond Draft\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch07.html\"\u003e\u0026#8216;Third Draft\u0026#8217;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch08.html\"\u003eSome Supplements\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch4\u003eOn the history of Differential Calculus\u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"#note49\"\u003e49\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch09.html\"\u003eA Page included in Notebook \u0026#8216;B (Continuation of A) II\u0026#8217;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch10.html\"\u003eI. First Drafts\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch11.html\"\u003eII. The Historical Path of Development\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch12.html\"\u003eIII. Continuation of Extracts\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch4\u003eTaylor\u0027s Theorem, MacLaurin\u0027s Theorem and Lagrange\u0027s Theory of Derived Functions\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch13.html\"\u003e1. From the Manuscript \u0026#8216;Taylor\u0027s Theorem, MacLaurin\u0027s Theorem, and Lagrange\u0027s Theory of Derived Functions\u0026#8217;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch14.html\"\u003e2. From the Unfinished Manuscript \u0026#8216;Taylor\u0027s Theorem\u0026#8217;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch4\u003eAppendices to the Manuscript\u003cbr\u003e\u0026#8216;On the History of the Differential Calculus\u0026#8217; and\u003cbr\u003e Analysis of D\u0026#8217;Alembert\u0027s Method\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch15.html\"\u003eOn the Ambiguity of the Terms \u0026#8216;Limit\u0026#8217; and \u0026#8216;Limit Value\u0026#8217;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch16.html\"\u003eComparison of D\u0026#8217;Alembert\u0027s Method to the Algebraic Method\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch17.html\"\u003eAnalysis of D\u0026#8217;Alembert\u0027s Method by Means of Yet Another Example\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch4\u003eAppendices by the editors of the Russian edition\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch18.html\"\u003eAppendix I. Concerning the Concept of \u0026#8216;Limit\u0026#8217; in the Sources consulted by Marx\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch19.html\"\u003eAppendix II. On the Lemmas of Newton cited by Marx\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch20.html\"\u003eAppendix III. On the Calculus of Zeroes by Leonard Euler\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch21.html\"\u003eAppendix IV. John Landen\u0027s \u0026#8216;Residual Analysis\u0026#8217;\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch22.html\"\u003eAppendix V. The Principles of Differential Calculus according to Boucharlat\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch23.html\"\u003eAppendix VI. Taylor\u0027s and MacLaurin\u0027s Theorems and Lagrange\u0027s theory of Analytic Functions in the source-books used by Marx\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch4\u003eAdditional material\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"ch24.html\"\u003eE. Kol\u0026#8217;man. Karl Marx and Mathematics: on the \u0026#8216;Mathematical Manuscripts\u0026#8217; of Marx\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"../../../../../reference/subject/philosophy/works/ru/kolman.htm\"\u003eHegel and Mathematics\u003c/a\u003e by Ernst Kol\u0026#8217;man and Sonye Yanovskaya\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"../../../../../reference/archive/smith-cyril/works/articles/hegel-marx-calculus.pdf\"\u003eHegel, Marx and the Calculus\u003c/a\u003e, Cyril Smith |\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"review.htm\"\u003eReview of the New Park Publications Edition\u003c/a\u003e, Andy Blunden, June 1983.\r\n\t\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch3\u003eHegel on Calculus\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"../../../../../reference/archive/hegel/works/hl/hl240.htm#HL1_253\"\u003eThe Differential\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"../../../../../reference/archive/hegel/works/hl/hl274.htm#HL1_274\"\u003eCalculus Deduced from its Application\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"../../../../../reference/archive/hegel/works/hl/hl302.htm#HL1_302\"\u003eInfinitesimal Magnitudes\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\u003ch3\u003ePDF version of the entire New Park Publications book\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\tThis file has been copied from \u003ci\u003eThe Maoist Internationalist Movment website\u003c/i\u003e. It is a photocopy of the same New Park book used for the above texts, but includes the full text, including indexes, preface, etc., in a single, large file.\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003ca href=\"../../download/Marx_Mathematical_Manuscripts_1881.pdf\"\u003ePDF version\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\t\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#160;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003chr\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n\t\u003cspan\u003e\r\n \u003csup\u003e\u003ca href=\"#back_note49\"\u003e49\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\r\n\t\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\tWith his manuscript \u0026#8216;On the Differential\u0026#8217;, Marx fulfilled a promise to write a specialized piece shedding light on the historical path of the development of differential calculus. In sketches preceding this letter [\u0026#8216;On the Differential\u0026#8217; was a letter to Engels – \u003ci\u003eTrans\u003c/i\u003e], he expressed an intention to illustrate the history of differential calculus by means of the history of the theorem on the differential of a product. Obviously Marx succeed in carrying out neither of these intentions completely. Only the tentative drafts contained in the notebook \u0026#8216;B (continuation of A)\u0026#8217;, where they alternate with Marx\u0026#8217;s computations for his work on the differential, have survived. These drafts begin, appropriately for Marx\u0026#8217;s primary purpose, with an explanation of the methods of Newton and Leibnitz in the example of the theorem on the differential of a product. For the same reason, only the beginning goes like this and not the concluding section explication the method of d\u0026#8217;Alembert. Later Marx passes to a more detailed discussion and critique of the methods of Newton and Leibnitz in general. This brings him to the general periodisation of the history of differential calculus, in which three periods are distinguished: 1) the mystical differential calculus of Newton and Leibnitz, 2) the rational differential calculus of d\u0026#8217;Alembert, and 3) the purely algebraic differential calculus of Lagrange, the characterisation of which comprises the second part of the extant drafts of the history of differential calculus. It was this part which Marx apparently decided to develop into a third letter to Engels. The concluding part of the historical drafts presents a more detailed exposition of the general ideas contained in the first part. The drafts are published in full with the exception of notes whose content refers to the work \u0026#8216;On the Differential\u0026#8217;, which are omitted.\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#160;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003chr\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"../../../../../reference/archive/smith-cyril/works/articles/hegel-marx-calculus.pdf\"\u003eHegel, Marx and the Calculus\u003c/a\u003e, Cyril Smith \u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"review.htm\"\u003eReview of the New Park Publications Edition\u003c/a\u003e, Andy Blunden, June 1983.\r\n\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026#160;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003chr\u003e\n \u003c/article\u003e"}],"SectionSequence":["Back Link","Work Title","Deck","Author","Period","Era","Composition","Date Note","Region","Terra Avita","Terra Avita Region","Modern Country","Original Title","Language","Primary Discipline","Secondary Discipline","Tradition","Full Versions","Core Thesis","Classification","Arguments","Influence","Significance","Evidence Note","Full Text"],"Counts":{"ContextCards":3,"GeoCards":4,"DisciplineCards":2,"Links":11,"Sections":25,"Styles":3,"Scripts":1}}