Exalting Unity
{"WorkMasterId":6861,"WpPageId":285748,"ParentWpPageId":193893,"Slug":"exalting-unity","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/mozi-mo-di/exalting-unity/","RelativeUrl":"theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/mozi-mo-di/exalting-unity/","HasFullText":true,"RawHtmlLength":75512,"CleanHtmlLength":18171,"Kicker":"Philosophy Work","Title":"Exalting Unity","Deck":"The chapter group argues for ordered moral-political coordination through shared standards and accountable hierarchy.","BackLink":{"Text":"Back to Mozi (Mo Di)","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/mozi-mo-di/"},"AuthorCard":{"Label":"Author","Title":"Mozi (Mo Di)","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/mozi-mo-di/","MediaHref":"","ImageSrc":"https://chrisdeasy.com/wp-content/uploads/mozi-mo-di-01-chinese-characters.png","ImageAlt":"Mozi in seal and regular script","FilterTerra":"China (East Asia)","ClickText":"Mozi (Mo Di)","ClickHref":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/philosophers/mozi-mo-di/","Copies":["470 BCE – 391 BCE","State of Lu or State of Song, Warring States China","Warring States philosopher of Mohism, jian ai, impartial care, anti-aggression, meritocracy, frugality, Heaven, ghosts, standards, logic, optics, and siege defense."]},"ContextCards":[{"Label":"Period","Key":"Period:1","Title":"Ancient History","DateText":"3000 BCE – 499 CE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-ancient-history/"},{"Label":"Era","Key":"Era:2","Title":"Iron Age","DateText":"1200 BCE – 501 BCE","Url":"https://chrisdeasy.com/theos/humanities/philosophy/eras-of-thought/philosophers-of-ancient-history/philosophers-of-the-iron-age/"},{"Label":"Composition","Title":"400 BCE","Url":"","DateText":""}],"DateNote":"Displayed as 400 BCE as an approximate Warring States proxy for the received Mozi and Mohist chapter traditions, not a secure autograph composition year.","GeoCards":[{"Label":"Region","Key":"Region:2"},{"Label":"Terra Avita","Key":"TerraAvita:10"},{"Label":"Terra Avita Region","Key":"TerraAvitaRegion:41"},{"Label":"Modern Country","Key":"Country:CHN:10"}],"OriginalTitle":"尚同","Language":"Classical Chinese","DisciplineCards":[{"Label":"Primary Discipline","Key":"Discipline:political-philosophy"},{"Label":"Secondary Discipline","Key":"Discipline:social-philosophy"}],"Tradition":"Mohism, Warring States ethics, political philosophy, impartial care, anti-aggression, meritocratic order, practical benefit, Heaven, ghosts, Mohist logic, standards, optics, and siege defense","FullText":{"Title":"Full Text","Copy":"Full text from Chinese Text Project: Exalting Unity .","Url":"","Label":"","Kicker":"","Cards":[]},"CoreThesis":["The chapter group argues for ordered moral-political coordination through shared standards and accountable hierarchy."],"Classification":{"AlternateTitles":"Shang tong; Identifying Upward","KeyConcepts":"Exalting Unity; Mozi; Mo Di; Mohism; jian ai; impartial care; universal love; li; benefit; yi; righteousness; anti-aggression; meritocracy; frugality; anti-fatalism; Heaven; ghosts; fa; standards; Mohist Canons; siege defense; Warring States","Methodology":"Argument by practical benefit, moral-political criticism, appeal to standards, historical exempla, dialogical refutation, analogical reasoning, administrative prescription, and technical Mohist analysis.","Structure":"Registered Mozi/Mohist transmitted work or chapter group; the page summarizes title, date proxy, language, tradition, disciplines, received status, and source evidence without importing full text."},"Arguments":["Develops Mohist arguments about impartial care, public benefit, rejection of aggression, meritocratic administration, economy of use, ritual criticism, Heaven and ghosts, non-fatalism, standards of names and evidence, and practical defense."],"Influence":{"InfluencedBy":"Zhou political order, classical moral vocabulary, Confucian ritual debate, Warring States warfare, craft and artisan expertise, sage-king traditions, and practical administration.","InfluenceOn":""},"Significance":["Part of the received Mozi corpus or a major Mohist chapter group used to reconstruct the only major organized rival to early Confucianism in the Warring States period.","Used in debates about impartiality, consequentialism, pacifism and defensive war, meritocracy, public reason, standards of evidence, language, technology, optics, and non-Confucian Chinese ethics."],"EvidenceNote":["Accepted as a direct Mozi/Mohist work or named chapter group; the page must state that the received text is layered Mohist school transmission and has no verified full-text section here."],"MainSections":[{"Kind":"RawSection","Title":"Full Versions","BodyHtml":"\u003cdiv class=\"dz-philo__full-version-grid\"\u003e\n \u003carticle class=\"dz-philo__full-version-card\"\u003e\n \u003cp class=\"dz-philo__full-version-provider\"\u003eChinese Text Project\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003ch3 class=\"dz-philo__full-version-title\"\u003eExalting Unity\u003c/h3\u003e\n \u003cp class=\"dz-philo__full-version-meta\"\u003eSectionText · LinkOnlyReady\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003ca class=\"dz-philo__full-version-link\" href=\"https://ctext.org/mozi/shang-tong-shang\"\u003eOpen full version\u003c/a\u003e\n \u003c/article\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e"},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Core Thesis","Paragraphs":["The chapter group argues for ordered moral-political coordination through shared standards and accountable hierarchy."]},{"Kind":"FieldSection","Title":"Classification","Fields":[{"Label":"Alternate Titles","Value":"Shang tong; Identifying Upward"},{"Label":"Key Concepts","Value":"Exalting Unity; Mozi; Mo Di; Mohism; jian ai; impartial care; universal love; li; benefit; yi; righteousness; anti-aggression; meritocracy; frugality; anti-fatalism; Heaven; ghosts; fa; standards; Mohist Canons; siege defense; Warring States"},{"Label":"Methodology","Value":"Argument by practical benefit, moral-political criticism, appeal to standards, historical exempla, dialogical refutation, analogical reasoning, administrative prescription, and technical Mohist analysis."},{"Label":"Structure","Value":"Registered Mozi/Mohist transmitted work or chapter group; the page summarizes title, date proxy, language, tradition, disciplines, received status, and source evidence without importing full text."}]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Arguments","Paragraphs":["Develops Mohist arguments about impartial care, public benefit, rejection of aggression, meritocratic administration, economy of use, ritual criticism, Heaven and ghosts, non-fatalism, standards of names and evidence, and practical defense."]},{"Kind":"FieldSection","Title":"Influence","Fields":[{"Label":"Influenced By","Value":"Zhou political order, classical moral vocabulary, Confucian ritual debate, Warring States warfare, craft and artisan expertise, sage-king traditions, and practical administration."},{"Label":"Influence On","Value":"Later Mohists, early Chinese logic, Warring States disputation, Xunzi, Han Feizi, debates over utilitarian or consequentialist ethics, Chinese philosophy of language, and histories of optics and defensive engineering."}]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Significance","Paragraphs":["Part of the received Mozi corpus or a major Mohist chapter group used to reconstruct the only major organized rival to early Confucianism in the Warring States period.","Used in debates about impartiality, consequentialism, pacifism and defensive war, meritocracy, public reason, standards of evidence, language, technology, optics, and non-Confucian Chinese ethics."]},{"Kind":"TextSection","Title":"Evidence Note","Paragraphs":["Accepted as a direct Mozi/Mohist work or named chapter group; the page must state that the received text is layered Mohist school transmission and has no verified full-text section here."]},{"Kind":"RawSection","Title":"Full Text","BodyHtml":"\u003cp class=\"dz-philo__section-copy dz-philo__full-text-source\"\u003eFull text from \u003ca href=\"https://ctext.org/mozi/shang-tong-shang\"\u003eChinese Text Project: Exalting Unity\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003carticle class=\"dz-philo__full-text-body\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e尚同上\u003c/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e子墨子言曰：「古者民始生，未有刑政之時，蓋其語『人異義』。是以一人則一義，二人則二義，十人則十義，其人茲眾，其所謂義者亦茲眾。是以人是其義，以非人之義，故文相非也。是以內者父子兄弟作怨惡，離散不能相和合。天下之百姓，皆以水火毒藥相虧害，至有餘力不能以相勞，腐列餘財不以相分，隱匿良道不以相教，天下之亂，若禽獸然。\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e夫明虖天下之所以亂者，生於無政長。是故選天下之賢可者，立以為天子。天子立，以其力為未足，又選擇天下之賢可者，置立之以為三公。天子三公既以立，以天下為博大，遠國異土之民，是非利害之辯，不可一二而明知，故畫分萬國，立諸侯國君，諸侯國君既已立，以其力為未足，又選擇其國之賢可者，置立之以為正長。\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e正長既已具，天子發政於天下之百姓，言曰：『聞善而不善，皆以告其上。上之所是，必皆是之，所非必皆非之，上有過則規諫之，下有善則傍薦之。上同而不下比者，此上之所賞，而下之所譽也。意若聞善而不善，不以告其上，上之所是，弗能是，上之所非，弗能非，上有過弗規諫，下有善弗傍薦，下比不能上同者，此上之所罰，而百姓所毀也。』上以此為賞罰，甚明察以審信。\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e是故里長者，里之仁人也。里長發政里之百姓，言曰：『聞善而不善，必以告其鄉長。鄉長之所是，必皆是之，鄉長之所非，必皆非之。去若不善言，學鄉長之善言；去若不善行，學鄉長之善行，則鄉何說以亂哉？』察鄉之所治者何也？鄉長唯能壹同鄉之義，是以鄉治也。\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e鄉長者，鄉之仁人也。鄉長發政鄉之百姓，言曰：『聞善而不善者，必以告國君。國君之所是，必皆是之，國君之所非，必皆非之。去若不善言，學國君之善言，去若不善行，學國君之善行，則國何說以亂哉。』察國之所以治者何也？國君唯能壹同國之義，是以國治也。\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e國君者，國之仁人也。國君發政國之百姓，言曰：『聞善而不善。必以告天子。天子之所是，皆是之，天子之所非，皆非之。去若不善言，學天子之善言；去若不善行，學天子之善行，則天下何說以亂哉。』察天下之所以治者何也？天子唯能壹同天下之義，是以天下以治也。\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e天下之百姓皆上同於天子，而不上同於天，則菑猶未去也。今若天飄風苦雨，溱溱而至者，此天之所以罰百姓之不上同於天者也。」\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e是故子墨子言曰：「古者聖王為五刑，請以治其民。譬若絲縷之有紀，罔罟之有綱，所連收天下之百姓不尚同其上者也。」\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/article\u003e"}],"SectionSequence":["Back Link","Work Title","Deck","Author","Period","Era","Composition","Date Note","Region","Terra Avita","Terra Avita Region","Modern Country","Original Title","Language","Primary Discipline","Secondary Discipline","Tradition","Full Versions","Core Thesis","Classification","Arguments","Influence","Significance","Evidence Note","Full Text"],"Counts":{"ContextCards":3,"GeoCards":4,"DisciplineCards":2,"Links":11,"Sections":25,"Styles":3,"Scripts":1}}