Humans arrived in the Marshall Islands in the first millennium B.C. and gradually created permanent settlements on the various atolls. The early inhabitants were skilled navigators who frequently traveled between atolls using stick charts to map the islands. Society became organized under two paramount chiefs, one each for the Ratak (Sunrise) Chain and the Ralik (Sunset) Chain. Spain formally claimed the islands in 1592. Germany established a supply station on Jaluit Atoll and bought the islands from Spain in 1884, although paramount chiefs continued to rule.
Japan seized the Marshall Islands in 1914 and was granted a League of Nations Mandate to administer the islands in 1920. The US captured the islands in heavy fighting during World War II, and the islands came under US administration as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (TTPI) in 1947. Between 1946 and 1958, the US resettled populations from Bikini and Enewetak Atolls and conducted 67 nuclear tests; people from Ailinginae, Rongelap, and Utrik Atolls were also evacuated because of nuclear fallout, and Bikini and Rongelap remain largely uninhabited. In 1979, the Marshall Islands drafted a constitution separate from the rest of the TTPI and declared independence under President Amata KABUA, a paramount chief. In 2000, Kessai NOTE became the first commoner elected president. In 2016, Hilda HEINE was the first woman elected president.
Current Country Profile
🇲🇠Marshall Islands
ContinentAustralia
RegionPacific Islands Region
Formation1991
Age35 years
Land Area125 sq km
Population
37.5K
GDP
$290.11M
GDP per Capita
$8K
Population
37.5K
GDP
$290.11M
GDP per Capita
$8K
GNI per Capita
$9K
Land Area
125 sq km
Current System
Autocracy
Benchmark Shelf
Population
37.5K World 8.1B Australia 45.8M
GDP
$290.11M World $109.24T Australia $2.06T
GDP per Capita
$8K World $14K Australia $45K
Life Expectancy
67.1 World 73.4 Australia 78.2
Internet Users
65.9% World 72.6% Australia 75.8%
Urban Population
78.7% World 57.4% Australia 67.7%
Trade Openness
123.8% World 54.7% Australia 47.8%
CO2 per Capita
0.00 World 4.69 Australia 9.28
Trend Wall
Population
2000-2024
37.5K
GDP
2000-2024
$290.11M
GDP per Capita
2000-2024
$8K
Life Expectancy
2000-2024
67.1
Internet Users
2000-2024
65.9%
Exports and Imports
2000-2024
$237.15M
ExportsImports
Fertility Rate
2000-2024
2.86
Urban Population
2000-2024
78.7%
Electricity Access
1999-2023
100.0%
CO2 per Capita
2000-2024
0.00
Current Structure
Demographic Structure
Share of population
Child share 34.5%
Working-age share 60.9%
Elderly share 4.6%
Economic Structure
Share of value added
Agriculture 19.6%
Industry 13.2%
Services 67.0%
Land Use
Share of land area
Forest area 52.2%
Agricultural land 38.9%
Other land 8.9%
Electricity Mix
% of total electricity output
Fossil electricity 97.6%
Nuclear electricity 0.0%
Hydroelectricity 0.0%
Other renewables 2.4%
Energy Use Mix
% of total energy use
Fossil fuel energy 87.8%
Alternative and nuclear energy 0.0%
Combustible renewables and waste 12.2%
Milestone Timeline
Formation
1991
Modern state established
The modern sovereign-state footing used here begins in 1991.
Regime
1979
Constitution adopted
1979
Independence
In 1979, the Marshall Islands drafted a constitution separate from the rest of the TTPI and declared independence under President Amata KABUA, a paramount chief.
2000
Leadership milestone
In 2000, Kessai NOTE became the first commoner elected president.
2016
Leadership milestone
In 2016, Hilda HEINE was the first woman elected president.
External
1592
Spain formally claimed the islands in 1592.
1947
War milestone
The US captured the islands in heavy fighting during World War II, and the islands came under US administration as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (TTPI) in 1947.
Historical Footing
Before the modern state
1914 to 1990
Japan seized the Marshall Islands in 1914 and was granted a League of Nations Mandate to administer the islands in 1920.
State formation
1991
The modern sovereign-state footing used here begins in 1991.
Current footing
1991 to present
Today Marshall Islands sits in Pacific Islands Region, with a current system of Autocracy.
Annual Explorer
Health
Infant Mortality
22.7
2024
-7.4 / 10y
W 19.0
C 10.7
Under-5 Mortality
26.7
2024
-9.4 / 10y
W 24.7
C 13.2
Maternal Mortality
155.0
2023
-46.0 / 10y
W 111.8
C 50.7
Physicians
0.47
2012
0.00 / 10y
W 1.71
C 3.10
Hospital Beds
2.80
2010
+0.70 / 10y
W 2.77
C 3.53
Measles Immunization
88.0%
2024
+9.0 pts / 10y
W 88.9%
C 79.4%
Education
Secondary Enrollment
85.8%
2024
+1.9 pts / 10y
W 83.4%
C 127.8%
Tertiary Enrollment
37.7%
2024
+8.3 pts / 10y
W 51.1%
C 101.5%
Adult Literacy
95.8%
2021
-2.5 pts / 10y
W 78.1%
C 95.5%
Environment
CO2 Emissions
0
2024
0 / 10y
W 37,916,447
C 424,857
Demography
Population Growth
-3.3%
2024
-1.6 pts / 10y
W 1.0%
C 1.9%
Density
299.4
2024
+22.8 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Median Age
20.7
2023
+0.6 / 10y
W 30.8
C 33.3
Net Migration
-1,698
2025
+266 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Connectivity
Mobile Subscriptions
39.7
2022
+38.4 / 10y
W 107.6
C 94.4
Fixed Broadband
2.4
2022
W 17.7
C 25.9
Secure Servers
213.1
2024
+172.9 / 10y
W 16,260.9
C 28,521.3
Economy
GDP Growth
2.5%
2024
+3.8 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Deep Data
Demography
Demography summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child Share | 34.5% | 2024 | 49.7%1991 | 49.7%1991 | 34.4%2021 | -3.7 pts / 10y | -8.3 pts / 25y25y | 24.8% | 22.4% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Fertility Rate | 2.86 | 2024 | 5.761991 | 5.761991 | 2.862024 | -0.32 / 10y | -1.92 / 25y25y | 2.17 | 1.95 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Elderly Share | 4.6% | 2024 | 2.7%1991 | 4.6%2024 | 2.1%2010 | +2.1 pts / 10y | +2.4 pts / 25y25y | 10.2% | 13.6% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Net Migration | -1,698 | 2025 | -6611991 | -6611991 | -2,0582018 | +266 / 10y | -588 / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Working-Age Share | 60.9% | 2024 | 47.6%1991 | 61.7%2020 | 47.6%1991 | +1.6 pts / 10y | +5.9 pts / 25y25y | 65.1% | 64.0% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Population Growth | -3.3% | 2024 | 2.1%1991 | 2.1%1991 | -3.3%2024 | -1.6 pts / 10y | -4.3 pts / 25y25y | 1.0% | 1.9% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Population | 37.5K | 2024 | 45.6K1991 | 52.0K2010 | 37.5K2024 | -12.2K / 10y | -12.7K / 25y25y | 8.1B | 45.8M | WorldBankWdi | |
| Density | 299.4 | 2024 | 253.21991 | 299.42024 | 215.72023 | +22.8 / 10y | +20.5 / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | Derived | |
| Median Age | 20.7 | 2023 | 14.11991 | 21.42020 | 14.11991 | +0.6 / 10y | +4.3 / 25y25y | 30.8 | 33.3 | UNWorldPopulationProspects | |
| Urban Population | 78.7% | 2024 | 67.2%1991 | 78.7%2024 | 67.2%1991 | +3.7 pts / 10y | +10.7 pts / 25y25y | 57.4% | 67.7% | WorldBankWdi |
Demography year by year
| Year | Child Share | Fertility Rate | Elderly Share | Net Migration | Working-Age Share | Population Growth | Population | Density | Median Age | Urban Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 49.7% | 5.76 | 2.7% | -661 | 47.6% | 2.1% | 45.6K | 253.2 | 14.1 | 67.2% |
| 1992 | 49.1% | 5.55 | 2.7% | -769 | 48.2% | 1.8% | 46.4K | 257.7 | 14.4 | 67.3% |
| 1993 | 48.4% | 5.38 | 2.6% | -869 | 49.0% | 1.5% | 47.1K | 261.6 | 14.7 | 67.4% |
| 1994 | 47.5% | 5.23 | 2.6% | -942 | 49.9% | 1.3% | 47.7K | 265.1 | 15.0 | 67.5% |
| 1995 | 46.6% | 5.09 | 2.5% | -991 | 50.9% | 1.2% | 48.3K | 268.1 | 15.3 | 67.5% |
| 1996 | 45.6% | 5.02 | 2.5% | -1,050 | 51.9% | 1.0% | 48.8K | 271.0 | 15.7 | 67.6% |
| 1997 | 44.7% | 4.96 | 2.4% | -1,097 | 52.9% | 1.0% | 49.3K | 273.7 | 16.1 | 67.7% |
| 1998 | 43.7% | 4.87 | 2.3% | -1,124 | 54.0% | 0.9% | 49.7K | 276.2 | 16.4 | 67.9% |
| 1999 | 42.8% | 4.78 | 2.2% | -1,068 | 54.9% | 1.0% | 50.2K | 278.9 | 16.8 | 68.0% |
| 2000 | 42.0% | 4.70 | 2.2% | -1,110 | 55.7% | 1.0% | 50.7K | 281.7 | 17.1 | 68.3% |
| 2001 | 41.3% | 4.58 | 2.3% | -1,237 | 56.5% | 0.8% | 51.1K | 284.0 | 17.4 | 68.6% |
| 2002 | 40.6% | 4.49 | 2.3% | -1,345 | 57.2% | 0.6% | 51.4K | 285.7 | 17.7 | 69.0% |
| 2003 | 39.9% | 4.42 | 2.2% | -1,427 | 57.8% | 0.4% | 51.6K | 286.9 | 18.0 | 69.5% |
| 2004 | 39.4% | 4.34 | 2.2% | -1,466 | 58.4% | 0.3% | 51.8K | 287.7 | 18.4 | 70.1% |
| 2005 | 39.1% | 4.28 | 2.2% | -1,482 | 58.8% | 0.2% | 51.9K | 288.4 | 18.7 | 70.6% |
| 2006 | 38.9% | 4.20 | 2.1% | -1,491 | 58.9% | 0.2% | 52.0K | 288.8 | 18.9 | 71.2% |
| 2007 | 39.0% | 4.09 | 2.1% | -1,491 | 58.9% | 0.1% | 52.0K | 289.1 | 19.2 | 71.8% |
| 2008 | 39.2% | 3.97 | 2.1% | -1,467 | 58.7% | 0.0% | 52.0K | 289.1 | 19.4 | 72.4% |
| 2009 | 39.4% | 3.83 | 2.1% | -1,361 | 58.5% | 0.0% | 52.0K | 289.0 | 19.5 | 72.9% |
| 2010 | 39.7% | 3.67 | 2.1% | -1,221 | 58.3% | 0.0% | 52.0K | 289.1 | 19.6 | 73.4% |
| 2011 | 39.7% | 3.53 | 2.1% | -1,512 | 58.2% | -0.3% | 51.9K | 288.4 | 19.7 | 73.9% |
| 2012 | 39.4% | 3.38 | 2.2% | -1,759 | 58.4% | -0.9% | 51.4K | 285.7 | 19.9 | 74.3% |
| 2013 | 38.8% | 3.25 | 2.4% | -1,825 | 58.8% | -1.4% | 50.7K | 281.6 | 20.1 | 74.7% |
| 2014 | 38.2% | 3.18 | 2.6% | -1,906 | 59.3% | -1.8% | 49.8K | 276.6 | 20.3 | 75.1% |
| 2015 | 37.5% | 3.13 | 2.8% | -1,964 | 59.7% | -2.0% | 48.8K | 271.1 | 20.5 | 75.5% |
| 2016 | 36.8% | 3.09 | 3.0% | -2,003 | 60.2% | -2.3% | 47.7K | 265.1 | 20.7 | 75.9% |
| 2017 | 36.2% | 3.06 | 3.2% | -2,040 | 60.6% | -2.5% | 46.5K | 258.5 | 21.0 | 76.2% |
| 2018 | 35.7% | 3.04 | 3.4% | -2,058 | 60.9% | -2.7% | 45.3K | 251.6 | 21.2 | 76.6% |
| 2019 | 35.1% | 3.01 | 3.6% | -2,030 | 61.3% | -2.9% | 44.0K | 244.5 | 21.3 | 76.9% |
| 2020 | 34.5% | 2.99 | 3.7% | -2,004 | 61.7% | -3.0% | 42.7K | 237.3 | 21.4 | 77.3% |
| 2021 | 34.4% | 2.96 | 3.9% | -2,016 | 61.7% | -3.2% | 41.4K | 229.8 | 21.3 | 77.6% |
| 2022 | 34.6% | 2.94 | 4.1% | -1,829 | 61.3% | -3.2% | 40.1K | 222.7 | 21.0 | 78.0% |
| 2023 | 34.7% | 2.92 | 4.4% | -1,832 | 60.9% | -3.2% | 38.8K | 215.7 | 20.7 | 78.4% |
| 2024 | 34.5% | 2.86 | 4.6% | -1,765 | 60.9% | -3.3% | 37.5K | 299.4 | 78.7% | |
| 2025 | -1,698 |
Economy
Economy summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry Value Added | 13.2% | 2024 | 9.9%1997 | 15.3%2016 | 8.1%2005 | -1.4 pts / 10y | -0.6 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Services Value Added | 67.0% | 2024 | 71.5%1997 | 78.6%2005 | 64.3%2021 | -3.9 pts / 10y | -2.4 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Agriculture Value Added | 19.6% | 2024 | 8.6%1997 | 24.7%2021 | 6.5%2002 | +7.5 pts / 10y | +11.6 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| GNI per Capita | $9K | 2024 | $2K1991 | $9K2024 | $2K1991 | +$4K / 10y | +$6K / 25y25y | $14K | $44K | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP | $290.11M | 2024 | $82.51M1991 | $290.11M2024 | $82.51M1991 | +$104.11M / 10y | +$176.76M / 25y25y | $109.24T | $2.06T | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP Growth | 2.5% | 2024 | 0.1%1991 | 10.5%2019 | -10.3%1996 | +3.8 pts / 10y | +3.8 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP per Capita | $8K | 2024 | $2K1991 | $8K2024 | $2K1991 | +$4K / 10y | +$5K / 25y25y | $14K | $45K | WorldBankWdi |
Economy year by year
| Year | Industry Value Added | Services Value Added | Agriculture Value Added | GNI per Capita | GDP | GDP Growth | GDP per Capita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | $2K | $82.51M | 0.1% | $2K | |||
| 1992 | $3K | $91.06M | 7.1% | $2K | |||
| 1993 | $3K | $99.46M | 6.0% | $2K | |||
| 1994 | $3K | $108.07M | 5.9% | $2K | |||
| 1995 | $3K | $120.23M | 8.2% | $2K | |||
| 1996 | $3K | $110.86M | -10.3% | $2K | |||
| 1997 | 9.9% | 71.5% | 8.6% | $3K | $109.88M | -6.4% | $2K |
| 1998 | 13.1% | 71.3% | 7.5% | $3K | $112.07M | -0.7% | $2K |
| 1999 | 13.8% | 69.4% | 8.0% | $3K | $113.35M | -1.3% | $2K |
| 2000 | 12.7% | 73.9% | 8.0% | $3K | $114.84M | 2.5% | $2K |
| 2001 | 10.6% | 72.9% | 7.4% | $3K | $122.41M | 6.9% | $2K |
| 2002 | 14.8% | 72.9% | 6.5% | $3K | $131.96M | 3.6% | $3K |
| 2003 | 11.7% | 75.5% | 6.9% | $3K | $131.13M | -1.6% | $3K |
| 2004 | 10.3% | 78.0% | 7.2% | $3K | $132.90M | -0.4% | $3K |
| 2005 | 8.1% | 78.6% | 7.1% | $4K | $138.00M | 1.8% | $3K |
| 2006 | 11.4% | 77.1% | 7.1% | $4K | $143.20M | 0.2% | $3K |
| 2007 | 13.3% | 76.5% | 7.3% | $4K | $150.50M | 3.7% | $3K |
| 2008 | 12.7% | 76.8% | 8.8% | $4K | $146.60M | -7.6% | $3K |
| 2009 | 13.6% | 76.3% | 9.6% | $4K | $151.20M | 3.7% | $3K |
| 2010 | 14.6% | 71.7% | 10.6% | $4K | $161.10M | 5.5% | $3K |
| 2011 | 13.5% | 69.3% | 13.9% | $4K | $172.30M | -0.5% | $3K |
| 2012 | 13.3% | 67.3% | 17.8% | $4K | $180.70M | -1.3% | $4K |
| 2013 | 13.9% | 67.8% | 15.9% | $4K | $186.40M | 3.8% | $4K |
| 2014 | 14.6% | 70.9% | 12.0% | $5K | $186.00M | -1.3% | $4K |
| 2015 | 11.3% | 75.7% | 12.4% | $5K | $183.70M | 1.9% | $4K |
| 2016 | 15.3% | 71.7% | 12.7% | $5K | $201.80M | 2.5% | $4K |
| 2017 | 13.0% | 72.0% | 15.8% | $5K | $213.70M | 3.6% | $5K |
| 2018 | 12.2% | 72.5% | 16.3% | $6K | $220.00M | 5.5% | $5K |
| 2019 | 14.4% | 69.8% | 18.2% | $7K | $232.90M | 10.5% | $5K |
| 2020 | 13.3% | 68.9% | 19.9% | $7K | $241.80M | -2.8% | $6K |
| 2021 | 11.2% | 64.3% | 24.7% | $7K | $261.25M | 2.2% | $6K |
| 2022 | 9.6% | 69.1% | 20.6% | $8K | $258.72M | -0.7% | $6K |
| 2023 | 11.7% | 69.7% | 18.9% | $8K | $263.76M | -5.0% | $7K |
| 2024 | 13.2% | 67.0% | 19.6% | $9K | $290.11M | 2.5% | $8K |
Trade
Trade summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade Openness | 123.8% | 2024 | 106.9%1995 | 161.9%2013 | 102.3%2002 | -26.0 pts / 10y | +15.8 pts / 25y25y | 54.7% | 47.8% | Derived | |
| Imports | $237.15M | 2024 | $101.65M1995 | $270.04M2019 | $89.73M1997 | +$50.72M / 10y | +$140.02M / 25y25y | $29.11T | $466.93B | WorldBankWdi | |
| Exports | $122.03M | 2024 | $26.83M1995 | $122.03M2024 | $25.28M1999 | +$29.74M / 10y | +$96.75M / 25y25y | $29.85T | $498.48B | WorldBankWdi |
Trade year by year
| Year | Trade Openness | Imports | Exports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | |||
| 1992 | |||
| 1993 | |||
| 1994 | |||
| 1995 | 106.9% | $101.65M | $26.83M |
| 1996 | 113.3% | $99.77M | $25.83M |
| 1997 | 107.5% | $89.73M | $28.41M |
| 1998 | 112.0% | $97.72M | $27.74M |
| 1999 | 108.0% | $97.13M | $25.28M |
| 2000 | 130.1% | $116.29M | $33.10M |
| 2001 | 118.7% | $114.19M | $31.15M |
| 2002 | 102.3% | $98.96M | $36.07M |
| 2003 | 117.0% | $113.83M | $39.62M |
| 2004 | 114.0% | $111.28M | $40.25M |
| 2005 | 124.7% | $126.91M | $45.18M |
| 2006 | 112.4% | $124.94M | $36.02M |
| 2007 | 114.5% | $133.09M | $39.28M |
| 2008 | 122.0% | $135.85M | $43.07M |
| 2009 | 128.9% | $152.72M | $42.12M |
| 2010 | 144.8% | $175.14M | $58.15M |
| 2011 | 153.2% | $175.73M | $88.31M |
| 2012 | 157.5% | $185.66M | $98.98M |
| 2013 | 161.9% | $206.48M | $95.34M |
| 2014 | 149.9% | $186.43M | $92.29M |
| 2015 | 138.5% | $173.13M | $81.27M |
| 2016 | 116.3% | $161.10M | $73.64M |
| 2017 | 125.1% | $183.85M | $83.58M |
| 2018 | 128.5% | $195.26M | $87.40M |
| 2019 | 153.0% | $270.04M | $86.32M |
| 2020 | 107.8% | $174.91M | $85.81M |
| 2021 | 120.1% | $193.52M | $120.12M |
| 2022 | 128.3% | $228.61M | $103.43M |
| 2023 | 118.5% | $210.80M | $101.74M |
| 2024 | 123.8% | $237.15M | $122.03M |
Connectivity
Connectivity summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed Broadband | 2.4 | 2022 | 2.52013 | 2.82014 | 2.02015 | -0.2 / 9y9y | 17.7 | 25.9 | WorldBankWdi | ||
| Secure Servers | 213.1 | 2024 | 19.22010 | 1,428.42020 | 19.22010 | +172.9 / 10y | +193.8 / 14y14y | 16,260.9 | 28,521.3 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 39.7 | 2022 | 0.01991 | 39.72022 | 0.01991 | +38.4 / 10y | +38.8 / 25y25y | 107.6 | 94.4 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Internet Users | 65.9% | 2024 | 0.0%1991 | 65.9%2024 | 0.0%1991 | +49.1 pts / 10y | +64.9 pts / 25y25y | 72.6% | 75.8% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Electricity Access | 100.0% | 2023 | 68.5%1999 | 100.0%2023 | 68.5%1999 | +9.1 pts / 10y | +31.5 pts / 24y24y | 91.6% | 81.0% | WorldBankWdi |
Connectivity year by year
| Year | Fixed Broadband | Secure Servers | Mobile Subscriptions | Internet Users | Electricity Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 0.0 | 0.0% | |||
| 1992 | 0.0 | 0.0% | |||
| 1993 | 0.0 | 0.0% | |||
| 1994 | 0.6 | 0.0% | |||
| 1995 | 0.5 | 0.0% | |||
| 1996 | 0.7 | 0.0% | |||
| 1997 | 0.9 | ||||
| 1998 | 0.6 | ||||
| 1999 | 0.8 | 1.0% | 68.5% | ||
| 2000 | 0.9 | 1.5% | 68.6% | ||
| 2001 | 1.0 | 1.7% | 70.1% | ||
| 2002 | 1.1 | 2.3% | 71.5% | ||
| 2003 | 1.2 | 2.6% | 72.9% | ||
| 2004 | 1.2 | 3.6% | 74.3% | ||
| 2005 | 1.3 | 3.9% | 75.7% | ||
| 2006 | 3.8% | 77.2% | |||
| 2007 | 4.0% | 72.3% | |||
| 2008 | 4.6% | 80.2% | |||
| 2009 | 5.6% | 81.7% | |||
| 2010 | 19.2 | 7.0% | 89.4% | ||
| 2011 | 57.8 | 10.0% | 89.9% | ||
| 2012 | 38.9 | 12.5% | 90.4% | ||
| 2013 | 2.5 | 19.7 | 14.0% | 90.9% | |
| 2014 | 2.8 | 40.2 | 31.1 | 16.8% | 91.5% |
| 2015 | 2.0 | 20.5 | 31.8 | 19.3% | 92.1% |
| 2016 | 2.1 | 62.9 | 29.8% | 92.7% | |
| 2017 | 2.1 | 129.0 | 34.4 | 38.7% | 93.8% |
| 2018 | 2.2 | 176.7 | 43.9% | 95.3% | |
| 2019 | 2.3 | 454.5 | 36.4 | 49.8% | 96.8% |
| 2020 | 2.3 | 1,428.4 | 37.5 | 56.4% | 98.3% |
| 2021 | 2.3 | 169.2 | 38.7 | 64.0% | 99.8% |
| 2022 | 2.4 | 99.8 | 39.7 | 64.3% | 100.0% |
| 2023 | 154.5 | 64.1% | 100.0% | ||
| 2024 | 213.1 | 65.9% |
Education
Education summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Literacy | 95.8% | 2021 | 98.3%2011 | 98.3%2011 | 95.8%2021 | -2.5 pts / 10y | -2.5 pts / 10y10y | 78.1% | 95.5% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 37.7% | 2024 | 16.0%2002 | 41.3%2022 | 16.0%2002 | +8.3 pts / 10y | +21.6 pts / 22y22y | 51.1% | 101.5% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Secondary Enrollment | 85.8% | 2024 | 72.6%1999 | 94.7%2021 | 72.6%1999 | +1.9 pts / 10y | +13.2 pts / 25y25y | 83.4% | 127.8% | WorldBankWdi |
Education year by year
| Year | Adult Literacy | Tertiary Enrollment | Secondary Enrollment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | |||
| 1992 | |||
| 1993 | |||
| 1994 | |||
| 1995 | |||
| 1996 | |||
| 1997 | |||
| 1998 | |||
| 1999 | 72.6% | ||
| 2000 | |||
| 2001 | |||
| 2002 | 16.0% | 78.4% | |
| 2003 | 73.6% | ||
| 2004 | 77.7% | ||
| 2005 | 73.8% | ||
| 2006 | 79.2% | ||
| 2007 | 82.5% | ||
| 2008 | 84.8% | ||
| 2009 | 83.9% | ||
| 2010 | |||
| 2011 | 98.3% | ||
| 2012 | 29.4% | ||
| 2013 | |||
| 2014 | |||
| 2015 | 34.3% | 83.2% | |
| 2016 | 36.7% | 85.0% | |
| 2017 | |||
| 2018 | |||
| 2019 | 98.2% | 37.4% | 92.6% |
| 2020 | 93.0% | ||
| 2021 | 95.8% | 94.7% | |
| 2022 | 41.3% | 91.7% | |
| 2023 | 89.6% | ||
| 2024 | 37.7% | 85.8% |
Health
Health summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physicians | 0.47 | 2012 | 0.421996 | 0.642011 | 0.421996 | 0.00 / 10y | +0.05 / 16y16y | 1.71 | 3.10 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Hospital Beds | 2.80 | 2010 | 2.101999 | 2.802010 | 2.101999 | +0.70 / 10y | +0.70 / 11y11y | 2.77 | 3.53 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Measles Immunization | 88.0% | 2024 | 74.0%1991 | 97.0%2010 | 36.0%1993 | +9.0 pts / 10y | -5.0 pts / 25y25y | 88.9% | 79.4% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Maternal Mortality | 155.0 | 2023 | 297.01991 | 322.01992 | 155.02023 | -46.0 / 10y | -104.0 / 25y25y | 111.8 | 50.7 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Life Expectancy | 67.1 | 2024 | 61.81991 | 67.12024 | 61.81991 | +2.0 / 10y | +3.7 / 25y25y | 73.4 | 78.2 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Infant Mortality | 22.7 | 2024 | 36.41991 | 36.41991 | 22.72024 | -7.4 / 10y | -11.6 / 25y25y | 19.0 | 10.7 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Under-5 Mortality | 26.7 | 2024 | 46.11991 | 46.11991 | 26.72024 | -9.4 / 10y | -15.9 / 25y25y | 24.7 | 13.2 | WorldBankWdi |
Health year by year
| Year | Physicians | Hospital Beds | Measles Immunization | Maternal Mortality | Life Expectancy | Infant Mortality | Under-5 Mortality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 74.0% | 297.0 | 61.8 | 36.4 | 46.1 | ||
| 1992 | 86.0% | 322.0 | 61.9 | 35.3 | 44.6 | ||
| 1993 | 36.0% | 320.0 | 62.1 | 34.4 | 43.3 | ||
| 1994 | 59.0% | 303.0 | 62.3 | 33.7 | 42.4 | ||
| 1995 | 57.0% | 303.0 | 62.5 | 33.4 | 41.9 | ||
| 1996 | 0.42 | 69.0% | 292.0 | 62.8 | 33.4 | 41.8 | |
| 1997 | 52.0% | 274.0 | 63.0 | 33.6 | 42.0 | ||
| 1998 | 93.0% | 259.0 | 63.2 | 33.9 | 42.3 | ||
| 1999 | 2.10 | 93.0% | 250.0 | 63.4 | 34.3 | 42.6 | |
| 2000 | 0.47 | 94.0% | 251.0 | 63.3 | 34.5 | 42.7 | |
| 2001 | 64.0% | 231.0 | 63.7 | 34.5 | 42.7 | ||
| 2002 | 80.0% | 223.0 | 63.8 | 34.5 | 42.5 | ||
| 2003 | 90.0% | 221.0 | 64.0 | 34.3 | 42.2 | ||
| 2004 | 70.0% | 238.0 | 64.0 | 34.0 | 41.8 | ||
| 2005 | 86.0% | 234.0 | 64.1 | 33.7 | 41.3 | ||
| 2006 | 96.0% | 233.0 | 64.2 | 33.5 | 40.9 | ||
| 2007 | 0.60 | 94.0% | 229.0 | 64.3 | 33.2 | 40.4 | |
| 2008 | 86.0% | 226.0 | 64.3 | 32.9 | 40.0 | ||
| 2009 | 78.0% | 224.0 | 64.4 | 32.5 | 39.5 | ||
| 2010 | 0.62 | 2.80 | 97.0% | 212.0 | 64.5 | 32.2 | 39.0 |
| 2011 | 0.64 | 88.0% | 209.0 | 64.6 | 31.8 | 38.4 | |
| 2012 | 0.47 | 78.0% | 207.0 | 64.8 | 31.3 | 37.8 | |
| 2013 | 79.0% | 201.0 | 65.0 | 30.7 | 37.0 | ||
| 2014 | 79.0% | 199.0 | 65.1 | 30.1 | 36.1 | ||
| 2015 | 75.0% | 184.0 | 65.3 | 29.4 | 35.2 | ||
| 2016 | 75.0% | 183.0 | 65.5 | 28.6 | 34.2 | ||
| 2017 | 83.0% | 179.0 | 65.7 | 27.8 | 33.2 | ||
| 2018 | 83.0% | 167.0 | 65.9 | 27.0 | 32.2 | ||
| 2019 | 85.0% | 168.0 | 66.0 | 26.2 | 31.2 | ||
| 2020 | 89.0% | 178.0 | 65.4 | 25.5 | 30.3 | ||
| 2021 | 85.0% | 206.0 | 65.4 | 24.8 | 29.4 | ||
| 2022 | 81.0% | 174.0 | 66.7 | 24.1 | 28.5 | ||
| 2023 | 88.0% | 155.0 | 66.9 | 23.4 | 27.6 | ||
| 2024 | 88.0% | 67.1 | 22.7 | 26.7 |
Environment
Environment summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land | 38.9% | 2023 | 47.2%1991 | 47.2%2011 | 38.9%2013 | 0.0 pts / 10y | -8.3 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Renewable Electricity | 2.4% | 2021 | 0.1%2000 | 2.4%2021 | 0.1%2003 | +1.9 pts / 10y | +2.4 pts / 21y21y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Fossil Fuel Energy | 0.0% | 2007 | 0.0%2004 | 0.0%2007 | 0.0%2004 | 0.0 pts / 3y3y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | ||
| CO2 Emissions | 0 | 2024 | 01991 | 02024 | 01991 | 0 / 10y | 0 / 25y25y | 37,916,447 | 424,857 | WorldBankWdi | |
| CO2 per Capita | 0.00 | 2024 | 0.001991 | 0.002024 | 0.002010 | +0.00 / 10y | +0.00 / 25y25y | 4.69 | 9.28 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Forest Area | 52.2% | 2023 | 52.2%1991 | 52.2%2023 | 52.2%1991 | 0.0 pts / 10y | 0.0 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi |
Environment year by year
| Year | Agricultural Land | Renewable Electricity | Fossil Fuel Energy | CO2 Emissions | CO2 per Capita | Forest Area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 1992 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 1993 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 1994 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 1995 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 1996 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 1997 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 1998 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 1999 | 47.2% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 2000 | 47.2% | 0.1% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2001 | 47.2% | 0.1% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2002 | 47.2% | 0.1% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2003 | 47.2% | 0.1% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2004 | 47.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% |
| 2005 | 47.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% |
| 2006 | 47.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% |
| 2007 | 47.2% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% |
| 2008 | 47.2% | 0.3% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2009 | 47.2% | 0.5% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2010 | 47.2% | 0.6% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2011 | 47.2% | 0.6% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2012 | 41.7% | 0.7% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2013 | 38.9% | 1.0% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2014 | 38.9% | 1.7% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2015 | 38.9% | 1.7% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2016 | 38.9% | 2.1% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2017 | 38.9% | 2.4% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2018 | 38.9% | 2.4% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2019 | 38.9% | 2.4% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2020 | 38.9% | 2.4% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2021 | 38.9% | 2.4% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | |
| 2022 | 38.9% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 2023 | 38.9% | 0 | 0.00 | 52.2% | ||
| 2024 | 0 | 0.00 |
Generated 2026-04-12T13:34:29.4186159Z
Sources: CiaWorldLeaders | ConstituteChronology | CountryPageNarrative | CowStateSystem | GeoBoundariesADM0 | Roster | SiteModernCountryData | UNWorldPopulationProspects | WorldBankMetadata | WorldBankWdi