| Australia | Continental landmass; dominates the western and central South Pacific. | Australia |
| New Zealand | Two main islands plus smaller ones; southeast of Australia. | Polynesia |
| Papua New Guinea | Eastern half of New Guinea; north of Australia. | Melanesia |
| Fiji | Central South Pacific; volcanic archipelago east of Vanuatu. | Melanesia |
| Solomon Islands | Chain of volcanic islands east of Papua New Guinea. | Melanesia |
| Vanuatu | Southwest Pacific; between Fiji and New Caledonia. | Melanesia |
| Federated States of Micronesia | Four island states spread across western Pacific. | Micronesia |
| Palau | Western Pacific; east of the Philippines. | Micronesia |
| Nauru | Isolated coral island; central Pacific. | Micronesia |
| Kiribati | Scattered across a huge span of the central/eastern Pacific. | Micronesia / Polynesia |
| Marshall Islands | North-central Pacific; two parallel chains of atolls. | Micronesia |
| Samoa | Central South Pacific; northwest of American Samoa. | Polynesia |
| Tonga | Long north–south island chain east of Fiji. | Polynesia |
| Tuvalu | Low-lying atolls between Kiribati and Fiji. | Polynesia |
