Various ethnic groups occupied southwestern Africa prior to Germany establishing a colony over most of the territory in 1884. South Africa occupied the colony, then known as German South West Africa, in 1915 during World War I and administered it as a mandate until after World War II, when it annexed the territory. In 1966, the Marxist South-West Africa People’s Organization (SWAPO) guerrilla group launched a war of independence for the area that became Namibia, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its administration in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region. Namibia gained independence in 1990, and SWAPO has governed it since, although the party has dropped much of its Marxist ideology. President Hage GEINGOB was elected in 2014 in a landslide victory, replacing Hifikepunye POHAMBA, who stepped down after serving two terms. SWAPO retained its parliamentary super majority in the 2014 elections. In 2019 elections, GEINGOB was reelected but by a substantially reduced majority, and SWAPO narrowly lost its super majority in parliament.
Current Country Profile
🇳🇦 Namibia
ContinentAfrica
RegionEast African Rift & Southern African Plateau
Formation1990
Age36 years
Land Area825,771 sq km
Population
3.0M
GDP
$13.37B
GDP per Capita
$4K
Population
3.0M
GDP
$13.37B
GDP per Capita
$4K
GNI per Capita
$4K
Land Area
825,771 sq km
Current System
Democracy
Benchmark Shelf
Population
3.0M World 8.1B Africa 1.5B
GDP
$13.37B World $109.24T Africa $2.89T
GDP per Capita
$4K World $14K Africa $2K
Life Expectancy
67.5 World 73.4 Africa 64.4
Internet Users
64.9% World 72.6% Africa 40.9%
Urban Population
50.4% World 57.4% Africa 45.9%
Trade Openness
109.6% World 54.7% Africa 56.5%
CO2 per Capita
1.20 World 4.69 Africa 1.03
Trend Wall
Population
2000-2024
3.0M
GDP
2000-2024
$13.37B
GDP per Capita
2000-2024
$4K
Life Expectancy
2000-2024
67.5
Internet Users
2000-2024
64.9%
Exports and Imports
2000-2024
$9.09B
ExportsImports
Fertility Rate
2000-2024
3.21
Urban Population
2000-2024
50.4%
Inflation
2003-2024
4.2%
Unemployment
2001-2025
19.3%
Electricity Access
1999-2023
56.7%
CO2 per Capita
2000-2024
1.20
Current Structure
Demographic Structure
Share of population
Child share 37.0%
Working-age share 59.3%
Elderly share 3.7%
Economic Structure
Share of value added
Agriculture 7.3%
Industry 28.9%
Services 54.5%
Other 9.4%
Land Use
Share of land area
Forest area 7.8%
Agricultural land 47.1%
Other land 45.1%
Electricity Mix
% of total electricity output
Fossil electricity 5.8%
Nuclear electricity 0.0%
Hydroelectricity 94.0%
Other renewables 1.2%
Energy Use Mix
% of total energy use
Fossil fuel energy 64.0%
Alternative and nuclear energy 7.7%
Combustible renewables and waste 28.3%
Milestone Timeline
Formation
1966
Independence
In 1966, the Marxist South-West Africa People’s Organization (SWAPO) guerrilla group launched a war of independence for the area that became Namibia, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its administration in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region.
1990
Modern state established
The modern sovereign-state footing used here begins in 1990.
Regime
1990
Constitution adopted
2014
Leadership milestone
President Hage GEINGOB was elected in 2014 in a landslide victory, replacing Hifikepunye POHAMBA, who stepped down after serving two terms.
2014
Election crisis
SWAPO retained its parliamentary super majority in the 2014 elections.
2019
Election crisis
In 2019 elections, GEINGOB was reelected but by a substantially reduced majority, and SWAPO narrowly lost its super majority in parliament.
External
1915
War milestone
South Africa occupied the colony, then known as German South West Africa, in 1915 during World War I and administered it as a mandate until after World War II, when it annexed the territory.
Historical Footing
Before the modern state
1884 to 1989
Various ethnic groups occupied southwestern Africa prior to Germany establishing a colony over most of the territory in 1884.
State formation
1990
In 1966, the Marxist South-West Africa People’s Organization (SWAPO) guerrilla group launched a war of independence for the area that became Namibia, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its administration in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region.
Current footing
1990 to present
Today Namibia sits in East African Rift & Southern African Plateau, with a current system of Democracy.
Annual Explorer
Health
Infant Mortality
36.4
2024
-8.5 / 10y
W 19.0
C 42.0
Under-5 Mortality
39.5
2024
-10.5 / 10y
W 24.7
C 61.8
Maternal Mortality
139.0
2023
-263.0 / 10y
W 111.8
C 357.9
Physicians
0.55
2022
+0.17 / 10y
W 2.30
C 0.29
Hospital Beds
2.70
2009
W 2.76
C 1.12
Measles Immunization
79.0%
2024
-4.0 pts / 10y
W 88.9%
C 73.7%
Education
Secondary Enrollment
82.0%
2024
+5.2 pts / 10y
W 83.4%
C 72.7%
Tertiary Enrollment
26.1%
2022
+9.2 pts / 10y
W 52.5%
C 23.9%
Researchers
224.8
2022
W 2,530.8
C 588.7
Adult Literacy
87.6%
2023
-0.6 pts / 10y
W 83.5%
C 68.2%
Environment
CO2 Emissions
3,650
2024
+444 / 10y
W 37,916,447
C 1,541,406
Demography
Population Growth
2.2%
2024
-0.4 pts / 10y
W 1.0%
C 2.3%
Density
3.7
2024
+0.9 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Median Age
21.0
2023
+0.9 / 10y
W 30.8
C 19.4
Net Migration
1,866
2025
-10,889 / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Connectivity
Mobile Subscriptions
85.2
2024
-30.4 / 10y
W 110.2
C 95.3
Fixed Broadband
2.8
2024
+1.1 / 10y
W 19.9
C 2.7
Secure Servers
427.4
2024
+385.4 / 10y
W 16,260.9
C 803.8
Economy
GDP Growth
3.7%
2024
-2.4 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Labor Force Participation
58.8%
2025
-1.8 pts / 10y
W n/a
C n/a
Deep Data
Demography
Demography summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child Share | 37.0% | 2024 | 42.3%1990 | 42.3%1990 | 36.5%2015 | +0.4 pts / 10y | -4.7 pts / 25y25y | 24.8% | 39.1% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Fertility Rate | 3.21 | 2024 | 5.401990 | 5.401990 | 3.212024 | -0.42 / 10y | -0.93 / 25y25y | 2.17 | 4.06 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Elderly Share | 3.7% | 2024 | 3.5%1990 | 3.7%2024 | 3.1%2001 | +0.2 pts / 10y | +0.5 pts / 25y25y | 10.2% | 3.6% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Net Migration | 1,866 | 2025 | 3,9691990 | 31,3272021 | -8,9052007 | -10,889 / 10y | -3,843 / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Working-Age Share | 59.3% | 2024 | 54.2%1990 | 60.0%2015 | 54.2%1990 | -0.6 pts / 10y | +4.2 pts / 25y25y | 65.1% | 57.2% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Population Growth | 2.2% | 2024 | 6.0%1990 | 6.0%1990 | 1.3%2005 | -0.4 pts / 10y | -0.2 pts / 25y25y | 1.0% | 2.3% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Population | 3.0M | 2024 | 1.4M1990 | 3.0M2024 | 1.4M1990 | +718.0K / 10y | +1.3M / 25y25y | 8.1B | 1.5B | WorldBankWdi | |
| Density | 3.7 | 2024 | 1.71990 | 3.72024 | 1.71990 | +0.9 / 10y | +1.5 / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | Derived | |
| Median Age | 21.0 | 2023 | 17.31990 | 21.02023 | 17.31990 | +0.9 / 10y | +3.1 / 25y25y | 30.8 | 19.4 | UNWorldPopulationProspects | |
| Urban Population | 50.4% | 2024 | 26.9%1990 | 50.4%2024 | 26.9%1990 | +5.6 pts / 10y | +19.0 pts / 25y25y | 57.4% | 45.9% | WorldBankWdi |
Demography year by year
| Year | Child Share | Fertility Rate | Elderly Share | Net Migration | Working-Age Share | Population Growth | Population | Density | Median Age | Urban Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 42.3% | 5.40 | 3.5% | 3,969 | 54.2% | 6.0% | 1.4M | 1.7 | 17.3 | 26.9% |
| 1991 | 42.2% | 5.29 | 3.4% | 309 | 54.4% | 3.3% | 1.4M | 1.7 | 17.3 | 27.1% |
| 1992 | 42.2% | 5.11 | 3.4% | 2,487 | 54.4% | 3.2% | 1.5M | 1.8 | 17.4 | 27.3% |
| 1993 | 42.2% | 4.91 | 3.3% | 5,464 | 54.5% | 3.2% | 1.5M | 1.8 | 17.4 | 27.7% |
| 1994 | 42.2% | 4.68 | 3.3% | 5,578 | 54.5% | 3.1% | 1.6M | 1.9 | 17.5 | 28.1% |
| 1995 | 42.1% | 4.42 | 3.3% | 5,712 | 54.6% | 2.9% | 1.6M | 1.9 | 17.6 | 28.7% |
| 1996 | 42.0% | 4.20 | 3.2% | 5,866 | 54.8% | 2.7% | 1.6M | 2.0 | 17.7 | 29.3% |
| 1997 | 41.9% | 4.17 | 3.2% | 6,023 | 54.9% | 2.6% | 1.7M | 2.1 | 17.8 | 29.9% |
| 1998 | 41.8% | 4.18 | 3.2% | 6,180 | 55.0% | 2.5% | 1.7M | 2.1 | 17.8 | 30.6% |
| 1999 | 41.7% | 4.14 | 3.2% | 6,333 | 55.2% | 2.5% | 1.8M | 2.2 | 17.9 | 31.4% |
| 2000 | 41.5% | 3.99 | 3.1% | 5,709 | 55.3% | 2.4% | 1.8M | 2.2 | 18.0 | 32.1% |
| 2001 | 41.3% | 3.83 | 3.1% | 2,869 | 55.6% | 2.1% | 1.9M | 2.3 | 18.0 | 32.9% |
| 2002 | 41.0% | 3.69 | 3.1% | -1,913 | 55.9% | 1.8% | 1.9M | 2.3 | 18.1 | 33.6% |
| 2003 | 40.5% | 3.58 | 3.2% | -6,153 | 56.3% | 1.4% | 1.9M | 2.3 | 18.2 | 34.5% |
| 2004 | 40.0% | 3.55 | 3.2% | -7,192 | 56.8% | 1.3% | 1.9M | 2.4 | 18.4 | 35.5% |
| 2005 | 39.4% | 3.57 | 3.2% | -8,195 | 57.4% | 1.3% | 2.0M | 2.4 | 18.5 | 36.6% |
| 2006 | 38.7% | 3.60 | 3.2% | -8,792 | 58.1% | 1.3% | 2.0M | 2.4 | 18.7 | 37.7% |
| 2007 | 38.1% | 3.61 | 3.3% | -8,905 | 58.7% | 1.3% | 2.0M | 2.5 | 18.9 | 38.8% |
| 2008 | 37.5% | 3.62 | 3.3% | -8,775 | 59.2% | 1.4% | 2.0M | 2.5 | 19.0 | 39.8% |
| 2009 | 37.1% | 3.63 | 3.4% | -8,626 | 59.5% | 1.5% | 2.1M | 2.5 | 19.2 | 40.9% |
| 2010 | 36.8% | 3.66 | 3.4% | -8,518 | 59.8% | 1.5% | 2.1M | 2.6 | 19.4 | 41.8% |
| 2011 | 36.7% | 3.66 | 3.5% | -4,067 | 59.9% | 1.7% | 2.1M | 2.6 | 19.7 | 42.6% |
| 2012 | 36.6% | 3.68 | 3.5% | 10,957 | 59.9% | 2.2% | 2.2M | 2.7 | 19.9 | 43.4% |
| 2013 | 36.6% | 3.65 | 3.5% | 10,748 | 59.9% | 2.6% | 2.3M | 2.7 | 20.1 | 44.1% |
| 2014 | 36.5% | 3.64 | 3.5% | 11,134 | 59.9% | 2.6% | 2.3M | 2.8 | 20.2 | 44.8% |
| 2015 | 36.5% | 3.60 | 3.5% | 12,755 | 60.0% | 2.7% | 2.4M | 2.9 | 20.4 | 45.5% |
| 2016 | 36.5% | 3.57 | 3.5% | 14,002 | 59.9% | 2.7% | 2.4M | 3.0 | 20.5 | 46.2% |
| 2017 | 36.7% | 3.51 | 3.6% | 16,080 | 59.8% | 2.7% | 2.5M | 3.0 | 20.6 | 46.8% |
| 2018 | 36.8% | 3.46 | 3.6% | 17,920 | 59.6% | 2.8% | 2.6M | 3.1 | 20.7 | 47.4% |
| 2019 | 37.0% | 3.40 | 3.6% | 19,676 | 59.5% | 2.8% | 2.7M | 3.2 | 20.7 | 48.0% |
| 2020 | 37.1% | 3.35 | 3.6% | 27,056 | 59.3% | 2.9% | 2.7M | 3.3 | 20.8 | 48.5% |
| 2021 | 37.4% | 3.30 | 3.5% | 31,327 | 59.1% | 3.0% | 2.8M | 3.4 | 20.8 | 49.1% |
| 2022 | 37.5% | 3.25 | 3.5% | 22,212 | 59.0% | 2.8% | 2.9M | 3.5 | 20.8 | 49.5% |
| 2023 | 37.3% | 3.21 | 3.6% | 11,675 | 59.1% | 2.5% | 3.0M | 3.6 | 21.0 | 50.0% |
| 2024 | 37.0% | 3.21 | 3.7% | 4,211 | 59.3% | 2.2% | 3.0M | 3.7 | 50.4% | |
| 2025 | 1,866 |
Economy
Economy summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labor Force Participation | 58.8% | 2025 | 55.1%1990 | 61.7%2013 | 53.5%1997 | -1.8 pts / 10y | +4.7 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Unemployment | 19.3% | 2025 | 19.1%1991 | 24.5%1997 | 16.8%2012 | -1.5 pts / 10y | -1.0 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Industry Value Added | 28.9% | 2024 | 29.2%1990 | 34.2%2008 | 21.2%1996 | +2.2 pts / 10y | +7.5 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Agriculture Value Added | 7.3% | 2024 | 9.1%1990 | 10.7%2000 | 6.7%2015 | -0.8 pts / 10y | -1.5 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Services Value Added | 54.5% | 2024 | 53.8%1990 | 60.7%1993 | 48.4%2008 | -3.2 pts / 10y | -5.0 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP Growth | 3.7% | 2024 | 2.0%1990 | 12.3%2004 | -8.1%2020 | -2.4 pts / 10y | +0.3 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP | $13.37B | 2024 | $2.79B1990 | $13.68B2018 | $2.79B1990 | +$936.92M / 10y | +$9.50B / 25y25y | $109.24T | $2.89T | WorldBankWdi | |
| GDP per Capita | $4K | 2024 | $2K1990 | $6K2012 | $2K2002 | $-965 / 10y | +$2K / 25y25y | $14K | $2K | WorldBankWdi | |
| Inflation | 4.2% | 2024 | 7.1%2003 | 9.5%2009 | 2.2%2020 | -1.1 pts / 10y | -2.9 pts / 21y21y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| GNI per Capita | $4K | 2024 | $2K1990 | $6K2013 | $2K2002 | $-1K / 10y | +$2K / 25y25y | $14K | $2K | WorldBankWdi |
Economy year by year
| Year | Labor Force Participation | Unemployment | Industry Value Added | Agriculture Value Added | Services Value Added | GDP Growth | GDP | GDP per Capita | Inflation | GNI per Capita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 55.1% | 29.2% | 9.1% | 53.8% | 2.0% | $2.79B | $2K | $2K | ||
| 1991 | 55.1% | 19.1% | 26.1% | 10.0% | 56.2% | 8.2% | $3.00B | $2K | $2K | |
| 1992 | 55.1% | 18.9% | 25.4% | 7.1% | 58.9% | 7.2% | $3.43B | $2K | $2K | |
| 1993 | 55.1% | 19.1% | 22.7% | 7.4% | 60.7% | -1.6% | $3.25B | $2K | $2K | |
| 1994 | 55.1% | 19.4% | 24.2% | 10.1% | 56.4% | 1.7% | $3.67B | $2K | $2K | |
| 1995 | 54.6% | 21.3% | 21.8% | 9.4% | 58.7% | 3.9% | $3.98B | $2K | $3K | |
| 1996 | 54.0% | 22.8% | 21.2% | 9.3% | 60.1% | 3.2% | $3.99B | $2K | $3K | |
| 1997 | 53.5% | 24.5% | 21.8% | 8.5% | 60.3% | 4.2% | $4.15B | $2K | $3K | |
| 1998 | 53.7% | 23.1% | 22.7% | 8.6% | 59.2% | 3.3% | $3.87B | $2K | $2K | |
| 1999 | 53.9% | 21.7% | 21.4% | 8.8% | 59.5% | 3.4% | $3.87B | $2K | $2K | |
| 2000 | 54.1% | 20.3% | 23.5% | 10.7% | 56.9% | 3.5% | $3.92B | $2K | $2K | |
| 2001 | 54.4% | 21.0% | 26.5% | 9.7% | 56.2% | 1.2% | $3.56B | $2K | $2K | |
| 2002 | 54.7% | 21.5% | 27.1% | 10.0% | 54.3% | 4.8% | $3.35B | $2K | $2K | |
| 2003 | 55.0% | 22.1% | 24.0% | 10.2% | 59.0% | 4.2% | $4.93B | $3K | 7.1% | $2K |
| 2004 | 55.3% | 22.1% | 25.1% | 8.9% | 57.8% | 12.3% | $6.61B | $3K | 4.1% | $3K |
| 2005 | 55.6% | 22.1% | 24.8% | 10.4% | 56.5% | 2.5% | $7.25B | $4K | 2.3% | $3K |
| 2006 | 55.8% | 21.8% | 30.1% | 9.6% | 52.6% | 7.1% | $8.00B | $4K | 5.0% | $4K |
| 2007 | 56.1% | 22.1% | 31.8% | 8.4% | 49.7% | 5.4% | $8.84B | $4K | 6.5% | $4K |
| 2008 | 56.4% | 22.0% | 34.2% | 7.5% | 48.4% | 2.6% | $8.61B | $4K | 9.1% | $4K |
| 2009 | 56.7% | 22.3% | 28.8% | 8.1% | 52.6% | 0.3% | $8.94B | $4K | 9.5% | $4K |
| 2010 | 57.0% | 22.1% | 27.4% | 8.5% | 54.0% | 6.0% | $11.43B | $5K | 4.9% | $5K |
| 2011 | 57.3% | 19.5% | 29.3% | 8.1% | 54.2% | 5.1% | $12.52B | $6K | 5.0% | $5K |
| 2012 | 57.5% | 16.8% | 30.0% | 8.1% | 53.9% | 5.1% | $13.04B | $6K | 6.7% | $6K |
| 2013 | 61.7% | 19.0% | 26.5% | 7.8% | 57.7% | 5.6% | $12.04B | $5K | 5.6% | $6K |
| 2014 | 60.8% | 18.5% | 26.6% | 8.1% | 57.7% | 6.1% | $12.44B | $5K | 5.4% | $6K |
| 2015 | 60.6% | 20.8% | 27.6% | 6.7% | 57.9% | 4.3% | $11.34B | $5K | 3.4% | $5K |
| 2016 | 60.5% | 23.4% | 27.5% | 6.7% | 57.7% | 0.0% | $10.72B | $4K | 6.7% | $5K |
| 2017 | 59.7% | 21.7% | 26.1% | 7.7% | 58.6% | -1.0% | $12.90B | $5K | 6.1% | $4K |
| 2018 | 58.9% | 19.9% | 26.9% | 7.8% | 57.8% | 1.1% | $13.68B | $5K | 4.3% | $5K |
| 2019 | 58.9% | 19.9% | 27.1% | 7.1% | 58.4% | -0.8% | $12.54B | $5K | 3.7% | $5K |
| 2020 | 56.0% | 21.0% | 25.8% | 9.2% | 58.8% | -8.1% | $10.58B | $4K | 2.2% | $4K |
| 2021 | 56.5% | 20.9% | 24.4% | 9.6% | 57.8% | 3.6% | $12.40B | $4K | 3.6% | $4K |
| 2022 | 58.9% | 19.6% | 27.1% | 8.8% | 55.4% | 5.4% | $12.57B | $4K | 6.1% | $4K |
| 2023 | 58.9% | 19.2% | 30.2% | 7.7% | 53.3% | 4.4% | $12.41B | $4K | 5.9% | $4K |
| 2024 | 58.9% | 19.2% | 28.9% | 7.3% | 54.5% | 3.7% | $13.37B | $4K | 4.2% | $4K |
| 2025 | 58.8% | 19.3% |
Trade
Trade summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade Openness | 109.6% | 2024 | 93.8%1990 | 123.8%2009 | 76.9%2020 | +6.5 pts / 10y | +18.5 pts / 25y25y | 54.7% | 56.5% | Derived | |
| Imports | $9.09B | 2024 | $1.40B1990 | $9.09B2024 | $1.40B1990 | +$1.12B / 10y | +$7.17B / 25y25y | $29.11T | $768.84B | WorldBankWdi | |
| Exports | $5.57B | 2024 | $1.22B1990 | $5.70B2011 | $1.22B1990 | +$716.82M / 10y | +$3.97B / 25y25y | $29.85T | $702.68B | WorldBankWdi |
Trade year by year
| Year | Trade Openness | Imports | Exports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 93.8% | $1.40B | $1.22B |
| 1991 | 93.9% | $1.49B | $1.32B |
| 1992 | 92.0% | $1.68B | $1.48B |
| 1993 | 96.1% | $1.61B | $1.52B |
| 1994 | 89.5% | $1.66B | $1.62B |
| 1995 | 93.6% | $1.94B | $1.78B |
| 1996 | 96.5% | $2.04B | $1.81B |
| 1997 | 92.8% | $2.09B | $1.77B |
| 1998 | 92.1% | $1.97B | $1.60B |
| 1999 | 91.1% | $1.92B | $1.60B |
| 2000 | 85.1% | $1.74B | $1.60B |
| 2001 | 88.6% | $1.69B | $1.46B |
| 2002 | 94.4% | $1.62B | $1.55B |
| 2003 | 96.0% | $2.59B | $2.14B |
| 2004 | 81.9% | $2.78B | $2.63B |
| 2005 | 80.7% | $2.92B | $2.93B |
| 2006 | 86.8% | $3.32B | $3.63B |
| 2007 | 105.0% | $4.87B | $4.41B |
| 2008 | 119.6% | $5.68B | $4.62B |
| 2009 | 123.8% | $6.45B | $4.61B |
| 2010 | 108.1% | $6.83B | $5.52B |
| 2011 | 102.2% | $7.09B | $5.70B |
| 2012 | 100.2% | $7.85B | $5.22B |
| 2013 | 97.7% | $7.25B | $4.52B |
| 2014 | 103.1% | $7.97B | $4.85B |
| 2015 | 97.2% | $7.01B | $4.01B |
| 2016 | 94.0% | $6.32B | $3.75B |
| 2017 | 81.2% | $6.14B | $4.34B |
| 2018 | 81.7% | $6.27B | $4.91B |
| 2019 | 82.9% | $5.83B | $4.57B |
| 2020 | 76.9% | $4.58B | $3.56B |
| 2021 | 83.5% | $6.40B | $3.96B |
| 2022 | 99.3% | $7.39B | $5.09B |
| 2023 | 110.8% | $8.33B | $5.41B |
| 2024 | 109.6% | $9.09B | $5.57B |
Connectivity
Connectivity summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed Broadband | 2.8 | 2024 | 0.02005 | 3.52023 | 0.02005 | +1.1 / 10y | +2.8 / 19y19y | 19.9 | 2.7 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Secure Servers | 427.4 | 2024 | 6.62010 | 427.42024 | 6.62010 | +385.4 / 10y | +420.7 / 14y14y | 16,260.9 | 803.8 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 85.2 | 2024 | 0.01990 | 121.12013 | 0.01990 | -30.4 / 10y | +83.5 / 25y25y | 110.2 | 95.3 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Internet Users | 64.9% | 2024 | 0.0%1990 | 64.9%2024 | 0.0%1990 | +50.0 pts / 10y | +64.5 pts / 25y25y | 72.6% | 40.9% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Electricity Access | 56.7% | 2023 | 26.4%1992 | 56.7%2023 | 26.4%1992 | +9.3 pts / 10y | +23.7 pts / 25y25y | 91.6% | 60.0% | WorldBankWdi |
Connectivity year by year
| Year | Fixed Broadband | Secure Servers | Mobile Subscriptions | Internet Users | Electricity Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 0.0 | 0.0% | |||
| 1991 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1992 | 0.0 | 26.4% | |||
| 1993 | 0.0 | 27.0% | |||
| 1994 | 0.0 | 28.9% | |||
| 1995 | 0.2 | 0.0% | 30.0% | ||
| 1996 | 0.4 | 0.0% | 31.0% | ||
| 1997 | 0.7 | 0.1% | 32.0% | ||
| 1998 | 1.1 | 0.3% | 33.0% | ||
| 1999 | 1.7 | 0.3% | 34.0% | ||
| 2000 | 4.5 | 1.6% | 36.5% | ||
| 2001 | 5.7 | 2.4% | 36.0% | ||
| 2002 | 7.9 | 2.6% | 36.9% | ||
| 2003 | 11.7 | 3.4% | 37.8% | ||
| 2004 | 14.7 | 3.8% | 38.7% | ||
| 2005 | 0.0 | 22.8 | 4.0% | 39.6% | |
| 2006 | 0.0 | 30.6 | 4.4% | 40.5% | |
| 2007 | 0.0 | 39.6 | 4.8% | 43.7% | |
| 2008 | 0.0 | 51.4 | 5.3% | 42.4% | |
| 2009 | 0.0 | 78.5 | 6.5% | 44.1% | |
| 2010 | 0.4 | 6.6 | 92.4 | 11.6% | 44.4% |
| 2011 | 0.8 | 11.2 | 102.2 | 12.0% | 42.3% |
| 2012 | 1.1 | 29.2 | 97.8 | 12.9% | 46.4% |
| 2013 | 1.6 | 32.9 | 121.1 | 13.9% | 47.4% |
| 2014 | 1.8 | 42.0 | 115.5 | 14.8% | 48.4% |
| 2015 | 3.0 | 61.5 | 107.4 | 25.7% | 51.6% |
| 2016 | 2.6 | 75.8 | 109.0 | 31.0% | 49.7% |
| 2017 | 2.6 | 114.5 | 106.9 | 36.8% | 52.5% |
| 2018 | 2.4 | 142.0 | 107.1 | 42.8% | 52.3% |
| 2019 | 2.6 | 138.1 | 106.5 | 49.8% | 53.3% |
| 2020 | 2.9 | 199.4 | 106.2 | 57.9% | 52.3% |
| 2021 | 3.2 | 246.2 | 103.7 | 60.3% | 55.2% |
| 2022 | 3.3 | 315.6 | 100.6 | 63.0% | 56.2% |
| 2023 | 3.5 | 389.5 | 87.7 | 63.7% | 56.7% |
| 2024 | 2.8 | 427.4 | 85.2 | 64.9% |
Education
Education summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Literacy | 87.6% | 2023 | 75.8%1991 | 88.3%2018 | 75.8%1991 | -0.6 pts / 10y | +11.8 pts / 25y25y | 83.5% | 68.2% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Researchers | 224.8 | 2022 | 148.92014 | 224.82022 | 148.92014 | +75.9 / 8y8y | 2,530.8 | 588.7 | WorldBankWdi | ||
| Secondary Enrollment | 82.0% | 2024 | 38.9%1990 | 83.3%2021 | 38.9%1990 | +5.2 pts / 10y | +20.6 pts / 25y25y | 83.4% | 72.7% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 26.1% | 2022 | 2.8%1991 | 26.6%2021 | 2.8%1991 | +9.2 pts / 10y | +20.8 pts / 25y25y | 52.5% | 23.9% | WorldBankWdi |
Education year by year
| Year | Adult Literacy | Researchers | Secondary Enrollment | Tertiary Enrollment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 38.9% | |||
| 1991 | 75.8% | 44.8% | 2.8% | |
| 1992 | 50.7% | |||
| 1993 | 54.5% | |||
| 1994 | 58.9% | 6.2% | ||
| 1995 | 58.6% | 7.1% | ||
| 1996 | 58.4% | |||
| 1997 | 59.9% | 5.3% | ||
| 1998 | 59.6% | 6.5% | ||
| 1999 | 61.3% | |||
| 2000 | 63.7% | |||
| 2001 | 84.9% | 67.5% | 7.4% | |
| 2002 | 66.1% | 6.1% | ||
| 2003 | 65.3% | 6.4% | ||
| 2004 | 64.5% | |||
| 2005 | 63.2% | 7.1% | ||
| 2006 | 62.1% | 6.8% | ||
| 2007 | 62.8% | |||
| 2008 | 9.5% | |||
| 2009 | ||||
| 2010 | 68.1% | |||
| 2011 | 88.3% | 72.5% | ||
| 2012 | 74.2% | 16.9% | ||
| 2013 | 76.1% | 17.5% | ||
| 2014 | 148.9 | 76.8% | 18.5% | |
| 2015 | 78.3% | 19.7% | ||
| 2016 | 88.1% | 79.3% | 21.4% | |
| 2017 | 79.5% | 22.5% | ||
| 2018 | 88.3% | 78.9% | 23.7% | |
| 2019 | 79.0% | 25.9% | ||
| 2020 | 82.9% | 26.0% | ||
| 2021 | 83.3% | 26.6% | ||
| 2022 | 224.8 | 81.8% | 26.1% | |
| 2023 | 87.6% | 81.6% | ||
| 2024 | 82.0% |
Health
Health summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physicians | 0.55 | 2022 | 0.231991 | 0.572017 | 0.231991 | +0.17 / 10y | +0.26 / 25y25y | 2.30 | 0.29 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Hospital Beds | 2.70 | 2009 | 2.702009 | 2.702009 | 2.702009 | start | 2.76 | 1.12 | WorldBankWdi | ||
| Measles Immunization | 79.0% | 2024 | 76.0%1991 | 91.0%2021 | 58.0%2001 | -4.0 pts / 10y | +14.0 pts / 25y25y | 88.9% | 73.7% | WorldBankWdi | |
| Maternal Mortality | 139.0 | 2023 | 325.01990 | 547.02009 | 127.02022 | -263.0 / 10y | -257.0 / 25y25y | 111.8 | 357.9 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Life Expectancy | 67.5 | 2024 | 61.41990 | 67.52024 | 51.92003 | +8.2 / 10y | +13.5 / 25y25y | 73.4 | 64.4 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Infant Mortality | 36.4 | 2024 | 56.21990 | 56.21990 | 36.42024 | -8.5 / 10y | -12.9 / 25y25y | 19.0 | 42.0 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Under-5 Mortality | 39.5 | 2024 | 73.61990 | 78.22000 | 39.52024 | -10.5 / 10y | -38.6 / 25y25y | 24.7 | 61.8 | WorldBankWdi |
Health year by year
| Year | Physicians | Hospital Beds | Measles Immunization | Maternal Mortality | Life Expectancy | Infant Mortality | Under-5 Mortality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 325.0 | 61.4 | 56.2 | 73.6 | |||
| 1991 | 0.23 | 76.0% | 337.0 | 60.8 | 54.8 | 72.3 | |
| 1992 | 0.23 | 76.0% | 346.0 | 60.2 | 53.7 | 71.5 | |
| 1993 | 71.0% | 354.0 | 59.3 | 52.8 | 71.2 | ||
| 1994 | 70.0% | 367.0 | 58.4 | 52.1 | 71.6 | ||
| 1995 | 68.0% | 369.0 | 57.5 | 51.6 | 72.6 | ||
| 1996 | 61.0% | 387.0 | 56.6 | 51.1 | 74.0 | ||
| 1997 | 0.30 | 59.0% | 383.0 | 55.8 | 50.9 | 75.6 | |
| 1998 | 64.0% | 396.0 | 54.8 | 50.3 | 77.0 | ||
| 1999 | 65.0% | 371.0 | 54.0 | 49.3 | 78.1 | ||
| 2000 | 69.0% | 384.0 | 52.9 | 48.0 | 78.2 | ||
| 2001 | 58.0% | 376.0 | 52.0 | 46.9 | 77.6 | ||
| 2002 | 68.0% | 313.0 | 52.0 | 46.0 | 76.6 | ||
| 2003 | 70.0% | 290.0 | 51.9 | 45.2 | 75.6 | ||
| 2004 | 0.31 | 70.0% | 282.0 | 52.2 | 44.1 | 74.4 | |
| 2005 | 73.0% | 344.0 | 52.6 | 41.3 | 71.0 | ||
| 2006 | 63.0% | 408.0 | 53.2 | 40.1 | 66.0 | ||
| 2007 | 0.38 | 69.0% | 489.0 | 54.0 | 41.4 | 62.0 | |
| 2008 | 73.0% | 537.0 | 54.7 | 43.2 | 57.5 | ||
| 2009 | 2.70 | 76.0% | 547.0 | 55.3 | 44.8 | 53.2 | |
| 2010 | 75.0% | 531.0 | 56.1 | 43.7 | 50.3 | ||
| 2011 | 74.0% | 498.0 | 56.6 | 44.2 | 50.0 | ||
| 2012 | 76.0% | 439.0 | 57.7 | 46.9 | 52.6 | ||
| 2013 | 82.0% | 402.0 | 58.5 | 45.8 | 50.8 | ||
| 2014 | 83.0% | 369.0 | 59.3 | 44.9 | 50.0 | ||
| 2015 | 85.0% | 307.0 | 60.0 | 45.3 | 51.8 | ||
| 2016 | 75.0% | 250.0 | 60.8 | 45.3 | 51.4 | ||
| 2017 | 0.57 | 80.0% | 213.0 | 61.7 | 44.3 | 49.8 | |
| 2018 | 0.34 | 82.0% | 198.0 | 62.6 | 43.8 | 48.5 | |
| 2019 | 0.37 | 80.0% | 175.0 | 63.5 | 42.8 | 46.6 | |
| 2020 | 0.38 | 90.0% | 143.0 | 64.1 | 41.6 | 44.8 | |
| 2021 | 0.42 | 91.0% | 254.0 | 60.9 | 40.4 | 43.2 | |
| 2022 | 0.55 | 89.0% | 127.0 | 64.2 | 38.8 | 41.6 | |
| 2023 | 86.0% | 139.0 | 67.4 | 38.3 | 41.1 | ||
| 2024 | 79.0% | 67.5 | 36.4 | 39.5 |
Environment
Environment summary
| Metric | Latest | Latest Year | Start | Peak | Low | 10y | 25y | World | Continent | Source | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Land | 47.1% | 2023 | 47.0%1990 | 47.2%2006 | 47.0%1990 | +0.0 pts / 10y | 0.0 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Renewable Electricity | 93.4% | 2021 | 95.2%1991 | 98.2%1992 | 66.1%2009 | -4.4 pts / 10y | -2.3 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| Fossil Fuel Energy | 0.0% | 2023 | 55.1%1991 | 76.7%2013 | 0.0%2016 | -76.7 pts / 10y | -64.8 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi | |
| CO2 Emissions | 3,650 | 2024 | 1,2491990 | 3,8992016 | 1,1361991 | +444 / 10y | +1,657 / 25y25y | 37,916,447 | 1,541,406 | WorldBankWdi | |
| CO2 per Capita | 1.20 | 2024 | 0.911990 | 1.602016 | 0.801991 | -0.18 / 10y | +0.08 / 25y25y | 4.69 | 1.03 | WorldBankWdi | |
| Forest Area | 7.8% | 2023 | 10.7%1990 | 10.7%1990 | 7.8%2023 | -0.9 pts / 10y | -2.2 pts / 25y25y | n/a | n/a | WorldBankWdi |
Environment year by year
| Year | Agricultural Land | Renewable Electricity | Fossil Fuel Energy | CO2 Emissions | CO2 per Capita | Forest Area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 47.0% | 1,249 | 0.91 | 10.7% | ||
| 1991 | 47.0% | 95.2% | 55.1% | 1,136 | 0.80 | 10.6% |
| 1992 | 47.0% | 98.2% | 56.4% | 1,239 | 0.85 | 10.5% |
| 1993 | 47.0% | 82.9% | 59.9% | 1,432 | 0.95 | 10.4% |
| 1994 | 47.1% | 76.9% | 64.1% | 1,652 | 1.06 | 10.3% |
| 1995 | 47.2% | 96.8% | 64.7% | 1,790 | 1.12 | 10.2% |
| 1996 | 47.2% | 95.6% | 65.4% | 1,962 | 1.19 | 10.1% |
| 1997 | 47.2% | 95.0% | 65.8% | 2,029 | 1.20 | 10.0% |
| 1998 | 47.2% | 97.4% | 64.8% | 2,094 | 1.21 | 10.0% |
| 1999 | 47.2% | 96.7% | 64.0% | 1,993 | 1.12 | 9.9% |
| 2000 | 47.2% | 92.8% | 60.5% | 1,915 | 1.05 | 9.8% |
| 2001 | 47.2% | 65.5% | 2,451 | 1.32 | 9.7% | |
| 2002 | 47.2% | 62.0% | 2,132 | 1.13 | 9.6% | |
| 2003 | 47.2% | 62.5% | 2,275 | 1.19 | 9.5% | |
| 2004 | 47.2% | 60.4% | 2,398 | 1.23 | 9.4% | |
| 2005 | 47.2% | 95.5% | 60.6% | 2,570 | 1.31 | 9.4% |
| 2006 | 47.2% | 95.2% | 60.1% | 2,530 | 1.27 | 9.3% |
| 2007 | 47.1% | 93.4% | 61.2% | 2,599 | 1.29 | 9.2% |
| 2008 | 47.1% | 70.8% | 62.6% | 2,964 | 1.45 | 9.1% |
| 2009 | 47.1% | 66.1% | 61.8% | 3,056 | 1.47 | 9.0% |
| 2010 | 47.1% | 97.8% | 75.0% | 2,685 | 1.27 | 8.9% |
| 2011 | 47.1% | 74.8% | 2,846 | 1.33 | 8.8% | |
| 2012 | 47.1% | 88.7% | 74.3% | 2,992 | 1.36 | 8.8% |
| 2013 | 47.1% | 76.7% | 3,104 | 1.38 | 8.7% | |
| 2014 | 47.1% | 75.5% | 3,206 | 1.39 | 8.6% | |
| 2015 | 47.1% | 94.8% | 75.6% | 3,566 | 1.50 | 8.5% |
| 2016 | 47.1% | 0.0% | 3,899 | 1.60 | 8.4% | |
| 2017 | 47.1% | 85.3% | 0.0% | 3,754 | 1.50 | 8.3% |
| 2018 | 47.1% | 95.0% | 0.0% | 3,810 | 1.48 | 8.2% |
| 2019 | 47.1% | 0.0% | 3,858 | 1.46 | 8.2% | |
| 2020 | 47.1% | 85.3% | 0.0% | 3,544 | 1.30 | 8.1% |
| 2021 | 47.1% | 93.4% | 0.0% | 3,705 | 1.32 | 8.0% |
| 2022 | 47.1% | 0.0% | 3,580 | 1.24 | 7.9% | |
| 2023 | 47.1% | 0.0% | 3,614 | 1.22 | 7.8% | |
| 2024 | 3,650 | 1.20 |
Generated 2026-04-12T13:34:41.6772141Z
Sources: CiaWorldLeaders | ConstituteChronology | CountryPageNarrative | CowStateSystem | GeoBoundariesADM0 | Polity5 | Roster | SiteModernCountryData | UNWorldPopulationProspects | WorldBankMetadata | WorldBankWdi