SAT – Method – Transparency

Back to Science Analysis Template – Method

Transparency is the requirement that a study expose enough of its inner workings that another competent person could, in principle, rerun it, audit it, or attack it. It demands explicit disclosure of how data were gathered, how they were processed, which models and parameters were used, what assumptions and idealizations were made, and where the methods are known to break.

Within the Method Layer, 4.6 Integrity Conditions – Transparency is what turns results from “opaque outputs” into inspectable artefacts: full methods, raw or minimally processed data, analysis code or pipelines, calibration logs, model specifications, and clearly stated limitations. Its function is to make every upstream choice—design, measurement, modeling, and interpretation—visible to peers so that verification, critique, and reuse are actually possible rather than symbolic.

Science Analysis Template

Below are the results of cycles 1 & 2 of The Science Project

Science requires that every claim expose its full chain of dependence — from assumptions and instruments to data, transformations, uncertainties, and limits — such that another competent agent could reconstruct, challenge, or replace it.

Across the entire map, those requirements fall into a small number of structural obligations that recur everywhere:

Methodological Transparency — full specification of experimental, observational, field, or survey procedures: setup geometry, protocols, timing, sample-prep, inclusion/exclusion rules, synchronization methods, and operational definitions of variables.
Data & Pipeline Transparency — access to raw (or minimally processed) data, plus a complete record of preprocessing steps: filtering, background subtraction, alignment, normalization, QC thresholds, reconstruction algorithms, and versioned code or solver details.
Model & Parameter Transparency — explicit exposure of the models used (equations, likelihoods, priors, closures, constitutive laws) together with parameter values, fitting procedures, convergence criteria, stability checks, and any tuning to specific datasets.
Assumption & Limitation Transparency — clear statement of idealizations (linearity, equilibrium, independence, homogeneity, ergodicity, rationality, etc.), validity ranges, unresolved confounders, instrument limits, approximation regimes, and known failure modes.
Provenance & Metadata Transparency — documentation of who collected the data, where, when, and under what conditions; sampling frames, survey instruments, codebooks, hardware and software versions, and links to external standards or reference materials.

1. Full Method Disclosure Is Mandatory

All sciences require explicit disclosure of how results were produced, not just what was found.

Procedures
Protocols
Experimental or observational setups
Computational workflows

Pattern: Knowledge is invalid without a visible production path.

2. Explicit Statement of Assumptions

Every scientific domain depends on assumptions that must be surfaced.

Idealizations
Simplifications
Boundary conditions
Domain limits
Model premises

Pattern: Assumptions are not hidden scaffolding; they are first-class scientific objects.

3. Calibration and Instrument Characterization

All sciences demand transparency about the trustworthiness of measurement tools.

Calibration routines
Sensitivity limits
Resolution
Drift
Noise characteristics

Pattern: Instruments are treated as fallible intermediaries, not neutral truth pipes.

4. Data Processing Must Be Traceable

Raw inputs → processed outputs must be reconstructible.

Filtering steps
Normalization
Selection criteria
Exclusions
Transformations
Algorithms and code paths

Pattern: Any invisible data manipulation is a potential integrity failure.

5. Uncertainty Must Be Declared, Not Minimized

All sciences require disclosure of:

Error bars
Confidence intervals
Noise models
Statistical limits
Systematic uncertainty

Pattern: Precision without uncertainty disclosure is considered misleading.

6. Limitations Are Part of the Result

Scientific transparency requires stating:

Where the model breaks
Where data are weak
Where interpretations are ambiguous
What cannot be concluded

Pattern: Knowing what cannot be claimed is as important as what can.

7. Reproducibility Is the Implied End-State

Transparency is not an ethical flourish; it exists to enable:

Independent replication
Reanalysis
Reinterpretation
Model replacement

Pattern: A claim that cannot, in principle, be independently reconstructed is not scientific.

8. Separation of Observation, Inference, and Interpretation

All sciences enforce clarity between:

What was measured
What was inferred
What was interpreted or modeled

Pattern: Transparency polices category errors between data and meaning.

9. Disclosure Scales With Abstraction

As fields become more abstract (theoretical physics, mathematics, logic):

Empirical calibration shifts to axioms, definitions, derivation steps, and formal rules
Transparency applies equally, just to different primitives

Pattern: Transparency is invariant to subject matter; only its objects change.

10. Transparency Is an Integrity Constraint, Not a Method

Across all sciences, transparency is:

Not optional
Not discipline-specific
Not stylistic

Pattern: Transparency functions as a gatekeeping condition for scientific legitimacy.

Science Name Link	Branch Name Link	Field Name Link	Definition	Requirements to disclose methods, data, assumptions, and limitations.
			Element
			Scope Category	4.6 Integrity Conditions
			Sub-Item	Transparency
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Classical Mechanics	Clearly reporting assumptions (rigid bodies, negligible friction), initial conditions, equations used, calibration steps, and limitations so results can be verified.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Classical Electromagnetism	Reporting instrument calibration, bandwidth, sensitivity, environmental conditions, assumptions (linear media, boundary conditions), and all signal-processing steps so results can be verified independently.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Classical Thermodynamics	Reporting all thermal contact conditions, insulation quality, calibration procedures, environmental influences, and assumptions (quasistatic, reversible, ideal gas, adiabatic, etc.) so results can be independently verified.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Statistical Mechanics (Classical)	Reporting assumptions (ergodicity, molecular chaos, thermodynamic limit), sampling methods, equilibration procedures, numerical methods, and sources of uncertainty so results can be independently validated.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Optics (Classical Wave Theory)	Reporting alignment procedures, coherence conditions, detector specifications, wavelength calibration, optical element imperfections, environmental controls, and all approximations used in modeling.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Acoustics	Reporting all measurement conditions: source characteristics, room geometry, microphone positions, calibration procedures, environmental conditions, and assumptions (linearity, homogeneity, isotropy).
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Continuum Mechanics	Fully disclosing testing procedures, calibration steps, assumptions (such as linearity or isotropy), boundary conditions, numerical methods, mesh resolution, and known limitations.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Classical Field Theory	Clear reporting of measurement procedures, calibration methods, environmental conditions, numerical methods, grid resolution, assumptions, and known limitations to enable verification.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Classical Physics	Pre-Relativistic Frameworks	Clear reporting of measurement devices, timing procedures, experimental setups, environmental conditions, and assumptions such as absolute time, rigid bodies, or instantaneous interactions.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Quantum Mechanics	Clear disclosure of state-preparation methods, measurement bases, calibration steps, environmental conditions, statistical sampling methods, and assumptions such as isolation or linearity.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Relativistic Quantum Mechanics	Clear reporting of detector calibration, magnetic-field settings, beam energies, statistical procedures, reconstruction algorithms, environmental conditions, and all assumptions used in relativistic measurements.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Special Relativity	Full reporting of timing protocols, synchronization methods, detector calibration, environmental conditions, and all assumptions in frame comparisons.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	General Relativity	Full disclosure of timing methods, detector calibration, data processing pipelines, coordinate conventions, environmental conditions, and all simplifying assumptions in gravitational measurements.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Quantum Field Theory (QFT)	Full disclosure of collision settings, detector calibration, data-selection criteria, reconstruction algorithms, simulation assumptions, and systematic uncertainty budgets.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Particle Physics (High-Energy Physics)	Full disclosure of detector calibration methods, event-selection criteria, simulation parameters, background models, run conditions, and systematic uncertainties so others can independently verify results.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Nuclear Physics	Full documentation of sample preparation, detector calibration, counting procedures, beam intensities, data-processing steps, and assumptions used in nuclear measurements.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Quantum Statistical Physics	Full reporting of trap geometry, cooling protocols, imaging setup, calibration procedures, data-processing algorithms, environmental conditions, and assumptions used in interpreting many-body statistical data.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Quantum Optics	Detailed disclosure of laser settings, optical alignments, cavity parameters, detector calibration, data selection criteria, and environmental conditions for reproducibility of quantum-optical experiments.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Modern & Fundamental Physics	Quantum Information Science	Full disclosure of pulse sequences, calibration data, noise parameters, device stability, error budgets, circuit-depth limits, and environmental conditions affecting qubit behavior.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Theoretical & Mathematical Physics	Symmetry & Group Theory	Full disclosure of transformation rules tested, representation assignments, calibration methods, environmental conditions, data-selection criteria, and the assumptions behind classification or invariance claims.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Theoretical & Mathematical Physics	Gauge Theory	Requires clear disclosure of analysis methods, detector conditions, data cuts, assumptions, uncertainties, statistical procedures, and limitations of the study.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Theoretical & Mathematical Physics	String Theory	Requires explicit disclosure of assumptions, compactification choices, parameter ranges, computational shortcuts, and any approximations used in deriving predictions.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Theoretical & Mathematical Physics	Differential Geometry in Physics	Requires explicit disclosure of measurement assumptions, coordinate systems, geometric reconstruction methods, and any approximations used in analysis.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Theoretical & Mathematical Physics	Statistical Field Theory	Requires clear disclosure of data collection methods, noise treatment, assumptions in coarse-graining, statistical tools used, and limitations of the model.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics	Requires explicit disclosure of assumptions, operator definitions, data-processing rules, approximations, and limitations of the mathematical model.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	General Mathematical Physics	Requires full disclosure of assumptions, derivation steps, numerical methods, boundary conditions, approximations, and limitations of mathematical modeling.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Solid-State Physics	Requires disclosure of sample preparation, environmental conditions, measurement settings, calibration procedures, data processing steps, and limitations of the experiment or model.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Semiconductor Physics	Requires full disclosure of sample preparation methods, doping levels, measurement configurations, calibration steps, assumptions in modeling, and known limitations.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Magnetism & Spin Physics	Requires clear disclosure of measurement conditions, magnetic field settings, pulse sequences, sample histories, calibration steps, data processing choices, and known limitations.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Superconductivity	Requires explicit disclosure of cooling rates, field settings, sample preparation, measurement equipment, calibration routines, data processing steps, and limitations of analysis.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Soft Matter Physics	Requires detailed disclosure of sample composition, preparation steps, measurement settings, environmental conditions, calibration routines, and analysis assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Nanomaterials & Nanostructures	Requires full disclosure of synthesis steps, particle size distributions, imaging parameters, environmental conditions, calibration routines, and any limitations in measurement or modeling.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Strongly Correlated Electron Systems	Requires clear reporting of sample purity, preparation, disorder levels, temperature stability, measurement geometry, calibration routines, and assumptions used in modeling.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Topological Matter	Requires full disclosure of sample growth conditions, structural characterization, measurement settings, calibration routines, data processing, and assumptions used to extract invariants.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Condensed Matter & Materials Physics	Materials Science (Physical Perspective)	Requires clear disclosure of preparation methods, composition, measurement conditions, calibration routines, model assumptions, and limitations of data or analysis.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	Stellar Astrophysics	Requires full disclosure of observational conditions, calibration data, model assumptions, uncertainty estimates, reduction pipelines, and limitations of instruments or methods.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	Galactic Astrophysics	Requires disclosure of survey conditions, calibration data, reduction pipelines, noise estimates, model assumptions, and limitations of observational coverage or instrument sensitivity.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	Extragalactic Astrophysics	Requires full disclosure of survey parameters, photometric calibration, completeness limits, selection criteria, noise estimates, reduction pipelines, and all assumptions built into analysis.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	Cosmology	Requires full disclosure of survey strategy, calibration steps, foreground removal techniques, data reduction procedures, uncertainty ranges, and modeling assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	High-Energy Astrophysics	Requires disclosure of instrument settings, trigger conditions, calibration steps, data reduction processes, background estimation methods, and modeling assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	Gravitational Astrophysics	Requires full disclosure of calibration steps, noise models, data reduction pipelines, orbital fitting assumptions, retrieval constraints, and limitations in detection or interpretation.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	Planetary Science & Exoplanets	Requires full disclosure of calibration steps, data reduction pipelines, noise models, orbital fitting assumptions, retrieval parameters, and any limitations or uncertainties in detection or interpretation.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	Astrochemistry & Interstellar Medium Physics	Requires full disclosure of calibration steps, noise models, spectral reduction pipelines, molecular line lists used, radiative transfer assumptions, and uncertainties in abundance extraction.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Astrophysics & Cosmology	Astrobiology	Requires full disclosure of experimental setups, atmospheric retrieval assumptions, chemical reaction models, contamination controls, calibration procedures, and uncertainty estimates.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	Fluid Dynamics	Requires full disclosure of flow conditions, calibration steps, instrument limitations, data reduction procedures, model assumptions, and uncertainty analysis.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	Hydrodynamics (Ideal Fluids)	Requires full disclosure of magnetic field calibration, probe limitations, time resolution limits, numerical assumptions, boundary conditions, model closures, and sources of uncertainty in plasma parameter extraction.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)	Requires full disclosure of calibration routines, probe limitations, boundary conditions, numerical closures, time resolution constraints, noise characterization, and assumptions used in data processing.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	Plasma Physics (General)	Requires disclosure of calibration routines, diagnostic limitations, uncertainty ranges, data reduction pipelines, model assumptions, and any known constraints on measurement fidelity.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	Space & Astrophysical Plasmas	Requires full disclosure of calibration routines, instrument limits, noise models, processing pipelines, mission geometries, model assumptions, and uncertainty estimates.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	Fusion Plasma Physics	Requires complete reporting of diagnostic limitations, calibration details, heating settings, shaping coil currents, numerical model assumptions, uncertainty ranges, and full disclosure of all relevant plasma parameters.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	Computational Fluid & Plasma Physics	Requires full disclosure of solver algorithms, mesh structure, timestep constraints, boundary conditions, numerical stability criteria, convergence tests, physical assumptions, and uncertainty estimates.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	Non-Newtonian & Complex Fluids	Requires complete disclosure of shear history, sample preparation, temperature control, measurement protocols, instrument limitations, model assumptions, and any structural aging or degradation effects.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Plasma & Fluid Physics	High-Energy-Density Physics (HEDP)	Requires full disclosure of drive parameters, pulse shapes, target fabrication tolerances, diagnostic calibration, error bars, data reduction methods, EOS sources, and all modeling assumptions used in interpretation.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Biophysics	Requires full disclosure of experimental procedures, data processing steps, calibration methods, sample preparation details, environmental conditions, and limitations of measurement techniques.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Medical Physics	Requires full disclosure of calibration procedures, reconstruction assumptions, hardware limitations, beam parameters, phantom geometries, processing pipelines, and uncertainties for all reported measurements.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Geophysics	Requires disclosure of survey geometry, sensor calibration, processing pipelines, inversion assumptions, noise models, uncertainties, dataset coverage, and any limitations of measurements or models.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Optics & Photonics	Requires detailed reporting of optical setups, alignment procedures, detector settings, calibration details, beam parameters, environmental stabilization protocols, signal processing steps, and limits of instrument sensitivity.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Computational Physics	Requires complete disclosure of solver type, mesh structure, timestep rules, numerical tolerances, boundary conditions, convergence criteria, code versioning, hardware environment, and modeling assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Engineering Physics	Requires detailed disclosure of testing setups, sensor specifications, calibration methods, boundary conditions, environmental conditions, model assumptions, data processing techniques, and uncertainty bounds.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Chemical Physics	Requires detailed reporting of temperature control, pressure conditions, calibration routines, beam characteristics, data processing pipelines, model assumptions, sample purity, and all sources of experimental or computational uncertainty.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Environmental & Climate Physics	Requires complete disclosure of observational sources, biases, retrieval algorithms, model formulations, assumptions, uncertainty bounds, data processing steps, and limitations of both measurements and simulations.
Natural Sciences	Physics	Interdisciplinary & Applied Physics	Applied Materials Physics	Requires full disclosure of processing history, experimental conditions, calibration procedures, sample purity, environmental parameters, data-processing methods, and uncertainties associated with all measurements and models.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Quantum Chemistry	Disclosing basis sets, convergence thresholds, functionals, approximations, calibration methods, and data-processing protocols.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Statistical Mechanics	Disclosing sampling strategies, simulation parameters, equilibration times, statistical thresholds, analytical assumptions, and data-processing methods.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Thermodynamics	Reporting all assumptions, constraints, calibration procedures, boundary conditions, measurement uncertainties, and calculation steps.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Kinetics & Reaction Dynamics	Full reporting of concentrations, pulse energies, calibration parameters, assumptions, models used, fitting procedures, and uncertainty characterization.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Spectroscopy	Fully reporting instrument settings, calibration steps, processing workflows, noise reduction methods, and all assumptions used in spectral interpretation.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Electrochemistry	Reporting full calibration procedures, electrode surface treatments, cell geometries, instrument settings, data filters, and all assumptions underlying analysis.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Surface & Interface Science	Reporting probe calibration, surface-prep methods, environmental controls, data-processing algorithms, and all modeling assumptions used in interpretation.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Colloid & Solution Chemistry	Reporting solvent composition, ionic strength, pH adjustments, calibration methods, sample-prep procedures, data-processing steps, and all assumptions used in modeling.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Physical Chemistry	Chemical Physics	Reporting all pulse parameters, alignments, calibration steps, environmental controls, data-preprocessing details, and assumptions within models and simulations.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Structural & Mechanistic Organic Chemistry	Reporting full experimental conditions, purification steps, solvent details, calibration procedures, computational assumptions, and all mechanistic rationales used.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Stereochemistry & Conformational Analysis	Reporting full spectral conditions, temperature controls, solvent identity, calibration steps, computational methods, conformer-search criteria, and all assumptions used in assignments.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Synthetic Organic Chemistry	Reporting full reaction conditions, purification steps, reagent sources, catalyst loadings, solvent identity, workup procedures, spectral evidence, and all assumptions in synthetic planning.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Physical Organic Chemistry	Full disclosure of kinetic conditions, solvent identity, temperature control methods, regression assumptions, calibration procedures, isotopic enrichment details, and computational methods.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Organometallic Organic Chemistry	Full reporting of atmosphere control, ligand/catalyst sources, purification methods, calibration procedures, computational levels of theory, and assumptions underlying mechanistic proposals.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Polymer Chemistry (Carbon-based)	Full disclosure of polymerization conditions, purification methods, calibration routines, solvent details, assumptions in kinetic fits, scattering model choices, and computational parameters.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Bioorganic Chemistry	Full disclosure of buffer compositions, pH calibration, enzyme purity, assay conditions, instrumental settings, model assumptions, computational levels of theory, and data-processing methods.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Natural Products Chemistry	Full disclosure of extraction conditions, purification steps, bioassay methods, spectral-processing protocols, isotopic-labeling procedures, computational assumptions, and data-handling workflows.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Organic Chemistry	Medicinal Chemistry	Full disclosure of assay conditions, compound sourcing, purification, purity data, calibration methods, modeling assumptions, PK/PD fitting parameters, and statistical treatment of data.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Inorganic Chemistry	Main-Group Chemistry	Full reporting of atmosphere controls, purification methods, instrumental calibrations, electron-counting logic, computational levels of theory, and assumptions behind reactivity models.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Inorganic Chemistry	Transition-Metal Chemistry	Full reporting of atmosphere control, ligand/catalyst sources, purification methods, calibration routines, experimental conditions, computational assumptions, and stepwise logic behind bonding/geometry assignments.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Inorganic Chemistry	f-Block Chemistry	Full disclosure of atmosphere control, radiological-handling protocols, purification methods, computational assumptions, spectral-processing methods, calibration steps, and nuclear data considerations.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Inorganic Chemistry	Coordination Chemistry	Full disclosure of inert-handling procedures, ligand purity, metal salt sources, calibration practices, computational assumptions, crystallographic details, redox environment, and data-processing steps.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Inorganic Chemistry	Solid-State Chemistry	Full reporting of synthesis conditions, temperature/pressure profiles, calibration data, refinement parameters, sample history, computational assumptions, instrument settings, and all processing steps.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Analytical Chemistry	Qualitative Analysis	Full disclosure of reagents, sample-prep methods, spectral settings, matrix conditions, decision criteria for presence/absence calls, and all confirmatory steps performed.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Analytical Chemistry	Quantitative Analysis	Full reporting of calibration procedures, raw data, regression parameters, instrument settings, sample-prep steps, uncertainty analysis, matrix characteristics, and all correction/normalization steps.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Analytical Chemistry	Separation Science	Full disclosure of column/membrane specifications, mobile-phase recipes, gradient programs, instrument settings, sample-prep protocols, calibration procedures, and all data-processing assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Analytical Chemistry	Instrumental Analysis	Full disclosure of calibration data, raw instrument outputs, processing pipelines, instrument configuration, environmental conditions, uncertainty budgets, and assumptions behind signal interpretation.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Biochemistry	Structural Biochemistry	Full reporting of sample preparation, crystallization/EM/NMR/SAXS conditions, data-processing pipelines, refinement parameters, MD protocols, error estimates, structural uncertainties, and validation metrics (e.g., R-free, FSC, restraint violations).
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Biochemistry	Enzymology	Full disclosure of assay conditions, enzyme purity, kinetic-fitting methods, raw traces, structural assumptions, replicates, statistical treatment, limitations, and potential sources of ambiguity.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Biochemistry	Metabolism & Bioenergetics	Full disclosure of sample-prep timing, quenching protocols, isotope-labeling timelines, instrument settings, normalization choices, thermodynamic assumptions, flux-model equations, and sources of systematic error.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Biochemistry	Molecular Biology & Gene Expression	Full disclosure of sequencing parameters, mapping methods, normalization pipelines, antibody validation data, chromatin-prep conditions, reporter constructs, statistical thresholds, and computational workflows.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Biochemistry	Cellular Biochemistry	Full disclosure of imaging settings, probe concentrations, calibration curves, cell-handling conditions, segmentation algorithms, signal-processing workflows, genetic-perturbation methods, and normalization strategies.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Biochemistry	Membrane Biochemistry	Full reporting of probe concentrations, imaging settings, lipid-prep methods, calibration curves, segmentation parameters, lipidomics pipelines, and all data-processing and MD-simulation assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Biochemistry	Protein Chemistry	Full reporting of protein prep methods, buffer compositions, calibration curves, extinction coefficients, raw spectra, chromatograms, MS fragmentation tables, kinetic-fitting methods, and any limitations of stability/reactivity measurements.
Natural Sciences	Chemistry	Biochemistry	Biochemical Genetics	Full reporting of sequencing/mapping parameters, variant filters, QC metrics, enzyme-assay conditions, metabolomics pipelines, statistical models, assumptions, normalization procedures, and variant-interpretation criteria.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Mineralogy & Crystallography	Full disclosure of sample-preparation methods, diffraction settings, calibration curves, spectral-processing parameters, refinement procedures, indexing decisions, and all assumptions in structural or phase assignments.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Petrology	Full reporting of sample context, thin-section quality, calibration routines, analytical conditions, modeling assumptions, raw data, exclusions, and uncertainties in mineral/chemical measurements.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Structural Geology & Tectonics	Full reporting of mapping methods, instrument calibration, data filtering, seismic-processing parameters, GPS noise models, numerical-model assumptions, and criteria used for structural interpretation.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Sedimentology & Stratigraphy	Integration of fluid dynamics, sediment transport, facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy, and diagenesis to reconstruct depositional environments and basin evolution; links physical processes → facies → stratigraphic architecture → basin history.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Geomorphology	Full reporting of survey methods, drone flight plans, sensor calibration, DEM-processing steps, filter parameters, classification criteria, model assumptions, uncertainty estimates, and reasons for excluding data.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Geophysics	Full disclosure of survey geometry, processing steps, inversion assumptions, filtering parameters, calibration routines, noise treatment, data exclusions, and uncertainty quantification.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Geochemistry	Full reporting of sample preparation steps, digestions, calibrations, analytical conditions, instrument settings, modeling assumptions, uncertainty treatment, data exclusions, and reference material information.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Paleontology	Full reporting of collection methods, preparation steps, imaging protocols, stratigraphic placement, analytical calibrations, data exclusions, uncertainty treatment, and assumptions in phylogenetic or morphometric analyses.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Hydrogeology	Full reporting of well construction, sampling methods, field conditions, instrument calibration, data processing, modeling assumptions, noise filtration, boundary choices, and uncertainty ranges.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Geology	Economic & Applied Geology	Full reporting of sampling protocols, drilling logs, analytical methods, assay QA/QC, modeling assumptions, boundary conditions, geophysical-processing steps, uncertainty quantification, economic cutoffs, and data limitations.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Meteorology	Dynamic Meteorology	Requires disclosure of model code, parameter choices, initial conditions, observational datasets, assimilation techniques, and diagnostic methods.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Meteorology	Thermodynamic Meteorology	Requires full disclosure of data sources, retrieval algorithms, model formulations, parameterization choices, radiative assumptions, and calibration methods.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Meteorology	Cloud Physics & Microphysics	Requires disclosure of probe calibrations, data-processing algorithms, microphysics scheme assumptions, aerosol sample preparation, and numerical model configuration.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Meteorology	Synoptic & Mesoscale Meteorology	Requires full disclosure of model configurations, boundary conditions, data selection, visualization procedures, radar algorithm settings, and analysis assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Meteorology	Atmospheric Physics & Chemistry	Requires disclosure of reaction-rate sources, spectral databases, retrieval algorithms, model configurations, aerosol sampling methods, and uncertainty quantification procedures.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Meteorology	Climatology & Climate Dynamics	Requires disclosure of model code, forcing datasets, proxy reconstruction methodology, parameterization schemes, climate-observing calibration methods, and complete uncertainty documentation.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Oceanography	Physical Oceanography	Full disclosure of sensor calibration, processing steps, filtering methods, model assumptions, grid spacing, parameterizations, QC thresholds, observational uncertainties, and conditions of data omission.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Oceanography	Chemical Oceanography	Full reporting of sampling conditions, reagent batches, calibration logs, handling procedures, filtration/preservation choices, QC steps, model assumptions, and uncertainty quantification.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Oceanography	Biological Oceanography	Full reporting of sampling times, mesh sizes, incubation methods, nutrient additions, sensor calibrations, sequencing pipelines, data exclusions, QC thresholds, and model assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Earth & Space Sciences	Oceanography	Geological Oceanography	Full disclosure of core-recovery details, coring disturbances, navigation accuracy, seismic-processing steps, age-model assumptions, calibration procedures, sample-handling protocols, and data-exclusion criteria.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Molecular Biology	Nucleic Acid Biology	Full reporting of extraction procedures, library workflows, sequencing parameters, structural-probing conditions, enzyme details, data-processing pipelines, and assumptions behind model selection.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Molecular Biology	Gene Regulation & Epigenetics	Full disclosure of sequencing parameters, antibody details, data-preprocessing steps, normalization methods, perturbation conditions, sample metadata, and model assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Molecular Biology	Protein Biology	Full reporting of purification methods, sample conditions, structural-determination parameters, kinetic protocols, calibration steps, modeling assumptions, and data-processing pipelines.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Molecular Biology	Molecular Complexes & Information Flow	Full reporting of imaging parameters, perturbation conditions, structural processing pipelines, mass-spec filters, interaction-scoring thresholds, calibration steps, and assumptions used in modeling.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Molecular Biology	Molecular Methods & Technologies	Full disclosure of instrument settings, sample-prep steps, amplification programs, imaging parameters, calibration curves, run metadata, computational pipelines, assumptions, and limitations.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Cell Biology	Cell Structure & Organelles	Full disclosure of imaging settings, labeling strategies, acquisition parameters, data processing steps, assumptions, limitations, and potential artifacts to ensure interpretability and reproducibility.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Cell Biology	Cellular Dynamics & Trafficking	Full disclosure of imaging settings, acquisition parameters, analysis pipelines, segmentation thresholds, assumptions behind tracking algorithms, and limitations of dynamic resolution.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Cell Biology	Cell Signaling & Communication	Detailed reporting of stimulation protocols, imaging parameters, sensor characteristics, data-processing algorithms, normalization strategies, and all analytical assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Cell Biology	Cell Cycle, Fate & Death	Detailed reporting of perturbation methods, synchronization steps, imaging parameters, assay conditions, data-processing pipelines, normalization strategies, and all analytical assumptions and limitations.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Cell Biology	Cell Interactions & Microenvironment	Full disclosure of substrate-coating procedures, microfluidic conditions, mechanical calibration steps, imaging and analysis pipelines, model assumptions, gradient-stabilization methods, and limitations inherent to ECM or interaction assays.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Cell Biology	Cell Morphology & Motility	Full disclosure of imaging parameters, segmentation algorithms, force-calibration methods, substrate conditions, perturbation schemes, tracking pipelines, normalization procedures, and all modeling assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Genetics & Evolution	Classical & Transmission Genetics	Full disclosure of crossing schemes, scoring rules, genotyping methods, sampling frames, statistical tests, and limitations such as small sample size, uncertain pedigrees, or phenotypic ambiguity.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Genetics & Evolution	Population Genetics	Full disclosure of sampling frames, genotyping platforms, filtering steps, demographic assumptions, statistical models, and sources of uncertainty; clear reporting of deviations from HW or model expectations.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Genetics & Evolution	Quantitative Genetics	Fully disclosing phenotyping methods, environmental conditions, variance-component assumptions, model structures, genotyping quality filters, and the limitations of all quantitative estimates.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Genetics & Evolution	Genomic Evolution & Comparative Genomics	Disclosing assembly parameters, alignment settings, model assumptions, sequencing depth, filtering thresholds, calibration points, and all analytical pipelines; reporting uncertainty and potential artifacts.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Genetics & Evolution	Phylogenetics & Systematics	Fully reporting sampling design, alignment procedures, model assumptions, calibration choices, filtering criteria, and measures of uncertainty; making data, trees, and scripts available where possible; clearly stating limitations and alternative interpretations.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Genetics & Evolution	Macroevolution & Speciation Theory	Full disclosure of fossil sampling procedures, dating methods, model assumptions, phylogenetic inference settings, diversification-model parameters, and sources of uncertainty; clear articulation of alternative evolutionary interpretations.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Physiology	Cellular & Tissue Physiology	Full reporting of stimulus protocols, recording settings, imaging parameters, mechanical calibration curves, solution compositions, analysis pipelines, and model assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Physiology	Neurophysiology	Full disclosure of stimulus parameters, recording settings, filtering steps, analysis algorithms, electrode properties, pharmacological conditions, and modeling assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Physiology	Endocrine & Regulatory Physiology	Full reporting of sample timing, assay methods, stimulus protocols, metabolic conditions, calibration steps, and all modeling assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Physiology	Cardiovascular & Respiratory Physiology	Full reporting of measurement settings, ventilator parameters, catheter calibration files, ECG filtering methods, waveform-processing algorithms, and assumptions in hemodynamic/gas-exchange models.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Physiology	Metabolic & Energetic Physiology	Full disclosure of fasting times, workload parameters, sample timing, calibration files, environmental conditions, assay methods, and metabolic-model assumptions.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Physiology	Renal, Fluid & Homeostatic Physiology	Full reporting of intake/output records, sampling times, assay methods, calibration logs, environmental conditions, and modeling assumptions in renal–homeostatic studies.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Developmental Biology	Cell Fate & Lineage Specification	Full reporting of lineage-tracing constructs, imaging parameters, regulatory perturbations, computational pipelines, data normalization steps, and experimental limitations; making raw lineage and single-cell datasets available when possible.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Developmental Biology	Pattern Formation & Embryonic Axes	Full reporting of imaging settings, embryo-handling protocols, model assumptions, perturbation methods, alignment strategies, calibration procedures, and uncertainty estimates; releasing raw gradient and patterning data when feasible.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Developmental Biology	Morphogenesis & Tissue-Level Mechanics	Full reporting of ablation conditions, mechanical perturbation protocols, imaging settings, model equations, parameter fits, segmentation pipelines, and measurement uncertainty; open sharing of raw mechanical datasets where possible.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Developmental Biology	Organogenesis & Multi-Tissue Assembly	Full disclosure of ECM formulations, culture conditions, imaging parameters, mechanical-probe settings, computational models, segmentation pipelines, and uncertainties; release of raw 3D reconstructions and branching maps when possible.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Developmental Biology	Growth, Timing, Regeneration & Life-Cycle Transitions	Full reporting of growth conditions, injury protocols, timing manipulations, hormone assays, imaging/sequence parameters, analytical pipelines, and uncertainty sources; sharing raw and intermediate data where possible.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Developmental Biology	Evolutionary Development (Evo–Devo)	Full disclosure of cross-species sampling, enhancer constructs, CRISPR protocols, staging criteria, GRN modeling assumptions, phylogenetic parameters, and limitations; open release of raw expression and regulatory datasets where feasible.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Ecology	Organismal Ecology	Full reporting of field protocols, environmental measurements, tagging methods, sampling strategies, statistical assumptions, model parameters, and limitations in observational or experimental data.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Ecology	Population Ecology	Full disclosure of survey designs, sampling intervals, detection assumptions, population-model parameters, data-processing steps, and limitations of demographic inference.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Ecology	Community Ecology	Full reporting of sampling protocols, survey intervals, detection assumptions, statistical methods, interaction matrices, diversity index formulas, and model-selection criteria.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Ecology	Ecosystem Ecology	Full reporting of flux-tower settings, calibration files, sampling procedures, nutrient-extraction methods, model parameters, environmental metadata, and uncertainty quantification.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Ecology	Landscape & Spatial Ecology	Full reporting of spatial-resolution choices, GIS procedures, classification rules, ground-truthing sites, model parameters, movement-tracking protocols, and all assumptions used in spatial analyses.
Natural Sciences	Biology	Ecology	Global Ecology & Earth-System Interactions	Disclosing model parameters, calibration logs, satellite algorithms, flux-calculation methods, assumptions, and uncertainty matrices.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Proof Theory	Proof Calculi	Releasing full derivations, rule schemas, cut-elimination proofs, normalization steps, and prover configurations; documenting admissibility tests and search heuristics.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Proof Theory	Structural Proof Theory	Full disclosure of structural rule sets, sequent formats, normalization steps, permutation conversions, cut-elimination proofs, and implementation details of automated proof tools.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Proof Theory	Proof Theory of Non-Classical Logics	Full disclosure of modal rules, accessibility frameworks, resource annotations, relevance constraints, valuation schemes for many-valued systems, normalization steps, cut-elimination details, and implementation documentation for proof assistants.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Proof Theory	Ordinal & Strength Analysis	Full disclosure of ordinal notations, collapsing mechanisms, reflection schema definitions, recursion hierarchies, induction procedures, and proof-transformation steps that justify ordinal assignments.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Proof Theory	Proof Complexity	Full disclosure of CNF encodings, solver parameters, derivation logs, polynomial computations, inequality derivations, data used for lower bounds, assumptions behind simulation claims, and limitations of resource measurements.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Proof Theory	Automated & Interactive Reasoning	Full disclosure of solver configurations, tactic scripts, kernel rules, rewrite systems, model-checker parameters, benchmark datasets, and detailed proof objects; documenting assumptions and limitations of reasoning engines.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Model Theory	Structures, Languages & Interpretations	Full specification of signatures, languages, structures, diagrams, embeddings, EF-game parameters, and construction methods.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Model Theory	Satisfaction & Definability Theory	Full disclosure of signatures, languages, structures, definability criteria, satisfaction procedures, EF-game parameters, and all assumptions.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Model Theory	Quantifier Theory & Model Completeness	Full disclosure of quantifier structure, prenex conversions, Skolemization steps, embedding conditions, and all assumptions behind model-completeness arguments.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Model Theory	Classification Theory	Full disclosure of rank calculations, forking/dividing criteria, independence assumptions, saturation parameters, and model-building methods.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Model Theory	Tame / O-Minimal Model Theory	Full disclosure of language expansions, parameter choices, cell decomposition procedures, dimension rules, stratification methods, and all assumptions affecting tameness.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Set Theory	Axiomatic Foundations & Cumulative Hierarchy	Full disclosure of axiom choices, model assumptions, rank constructions, recursion methods, and definability constraints.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Set Theory	Constructibility & Inner Models	Full disclosure of definability assumptions, Skolem functions used, fine-structure parameters, extender choices, iteration rules, and all constraints shaping the inner model.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Set Theory	Large Cardinal Theory	Full disclosure of embedding assumptions, ultrafilter definitions, extender choices, iteration strategies, and model-selection criteria; clarity regarding consistency strength and independence assumptions.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Set Theory	Forcing & Independence Theory	Full disclosure of forcing definitions, Boolean-valued semantics, chain-condition assumptions, iteration methods, absoluteness claims, and all meta-theoretic dependencies.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Set Theory	Descriptive Set Theory	Full disclosure of coding methods, reducibility assumptions, determinacy reliance, regularity hypotheses, game definitions, and topological constraints.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Computability Theory	Models of Computation & Recursive Function Theory	Full disclosure of encoding schemes, reduction strategies, recursion definitions, oracle specifications, machine descriptions, step-trace logs, and simulation proofs; explicit articulation of limitations and assumptions.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Computability Theory	Recursively Enumerable (r.e.) Sets & Degrees	Disclosing enumeration procedures, priority hierarchies, oracle specifications, reducibility mechanisms, construction scripts, and detailed stagewise approximation logs; openly stating all assumptions.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Computability Theory	Reducibility & Degrees of Unsolvability	Releasing full reducibility scripts, oracle definitions, encoding functions, approximation logs, priority-order specifications, and diagonalization details; stating all assumptions clearly.
Formal Sciences	Logic	Computability Theory	Arithmetical & Analytical Hierarchies	Full disclosure of quantifier-prefix transformations, reduction maps, oracle specifications, coding choices, jump definitions, and all assumptions underlying classification claims.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Algebra	Group Theory	Fully disclosing group presentations, computational methods, generation procedures, subgroup-testing logic, representation choices, and assumptions underlying structural claims.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Algebra	Ring Theory	Full disclosure of generators/relations, monomial orders, computational assumptions, factorization algorithms, ideal membership criteria, and localization rules; clear articulation of limitations and pathological cases.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Algebra	Field Theory	Full disclosure of algorithms, monomial orders, factorization methods, valuation rules, basis selections, and assumptions used in extension or Galois computations; explicit reporting of computational limits.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Algebra	Module Theory	Full disclosure of presentation matrices, reduction methods, resolution procedures, tensor-product conventions, annihilator computations, and assumptions about the ring; explicit acknowledgment of pathological or undecidable cases.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Algebra	Linear Algebra	Full disclosure of matrix formats, algorithms used, tolerance parameters, pivot strategies, decomposition settings, norm choices, and floating-point limitations; clear statement of numerical uncertainty.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Algebra	Representation Theory	Full disclosure of bases, generating sets, matrix forms, computation methods, decomposition algorithms, tensor conventions, and normalization choices; explicit acknowledgement of semisimple vs. non-semisimple assumptions.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Algebra	Universal Algebra	Full disclosure of signatures, identity sets, rewriting rules, congruence algorithms, free-algebra construction methods, and clone-generating procedures; explicit statement of assumptions and computational limits.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Algebra	Algebraic Combinatorics	Disclosing generating-function conventions, symmetric-function bases, sampling rules, tableau algorithms, Coxeter generators, and computation assumptions; stating all limitations explicitly.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Mathematical Analysis	Real Analysis	Full disclosure of tolerances, sampling densities, partition choices, norm definitions, convergence criteria, and computational limitations; clear articulation of assumptions regarding measurability, boundedness, and domain structure.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Mathematical Analysis	Complex Analysis	Full disclosure of contour shapes, discretization choices, branch cuts, domain assumptions, numerical tolerances, and analytic-approximation methods; explicit statement of limitations in convergence or boundary behavior.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Mathematical Analysis	Functional Analysis	Full disclosure of norms, bases, discretization schemes, operator domains, topology choices, solver tolerances, and assumptions; acknowledging approximation limits and unresolved domain issues.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Mathematical Analysis	Harmonic Analysis	Full disclosure of sampling methods, kernel definitions, window functions, discretization schemes, frequency cutoffs, convergence assumptions, numerical tolerances, and limitations of transform/inversion methods.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Mathematical Analysis	Differential Equations (ODE/PDE)	Disclosing all solver settings, discretization scales, tolerances, grid geometries, convergence thresholds, and assumptions about regularity; reporting failures or instabilities; documenting conditions for which solutions could not be obtained.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Geometry & Topology	Differential Geometry	Full disclosure of coordinate choices, frame conventions, computational methods, smoothness assumptions, metric definitions, and normalization conditions for tensors and curvature.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Geometry & Topology	Algebraic Geometry	Full disclosure of field assumptions, ideal-generation methods, Gröbner-basis algorithms, cohomology computation methods, divisorial conventions, and moduli-parameter definitions.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Geometry & Topology	Metric Geometry	Full disclosure of sampling procedures, distance algorithms, approximation methods, regularity assumptions, and curvature-test protocols.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Geometry & Topology	Point-Set Topology	Fully disclosing choice of bases/subbases, open-cover selections, convergence method (sequences vs. nets vs. filters), and assumptions in product/quotient constructions.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Geometry & Topology	Homotopy Theory	Full disclosure of chosen CW-structures, attaching maps, basepoints, fibration/cofibration assumptions, spectral-sequence conventions, stabilization criteria, and model-category replacements.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Geometry & Topology	Knot Theory	Full disclosure of diagram choices, orientation conventions, Reidemeister-move sequences, invariant-calculation steps, triangulation methods, and assumptions about tameness.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Number Theory	Elementary Number Theory	Full disclosure of integer ranges, modulus choices, factorization methods, primality-testing algorithms, arithmetic-function conventions, and Diophantine-solving assumptions.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Number Theory	Algebraic Number Theory	Full disclosure of computational methods, field representations, choice of bases, valuation conventions, Galois-group algorithms, and assumptions behind class-group or discriminant computations.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Number Theory	Analytic Number Theory	Full disclosure of truncation parameters, smoothing choices, analytic continuation ranges, numerical precision, zero-detection algorithms, and assumptions used in asymptotic claims.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Number Theory	Arithmetic Geometry	Full disclosure of height bounds, choice of primes, embeddings used, factorization methods, Selmer-group algorithms, and assumptions behind local/global tests.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Number Theory	Modular and Automorphic Forms	Full disclosure of truncation depths, Hecke-operator conventions, normalization choices, local-factor computations, L-function evaluation methods, and group-action definitions.
Formal Sciences	Mathematics	Number Theory	Transcendental Number Theory	Full disclosure of height computations, polynomial degrees, coefficient bounds, approximation parameters, zero-estimate assumptions, and analytic estimates used in deriving inequalities.
Social Sciences	Anthropology		Human Evolutionary Anthropology	Disclosing excavation context, measurement methods, sequencing protocols, contamination controls, sample provenance, statistical models, and calibration choices; providing open-access datasets and 3D scans; reporting uncertainty explicitly.
Social Sciences	Anthropology		Kinship, Descent & Domestic Organization	Full disclosure of genealogical methods, sampling procedures, coding rules, interview guides, time-use protocols, and analytic models; open sharing of anonymized datasets; documenting uncertainty and contested kin assignments; clarifying culturally sensitive interpretations.
Social Sciences	Anthropology		Ritual, Cultural Practice & Symbolic Systems	Full disclosure of coding schemes, elicitation protocols, interpretive assumptions, language-translation choices, data-collection limits, and analytical methods; sharing anonymized recordings when ethically permissible; documenting uncertainty in symbolic interpretation; clarifying researcher positionality.
Social Sciences	Anthropology		Subsistence Systems, Environment & Human Adaptation	Full disclosure of sampling protocols, excavation contexts, laboratory procedures, isotope-processing steps, environmental data sources, model assumptions, simulation parameters, and uncertainty ranges; publishing open datasets and GIS layers; documenting limitations and ambiguities.
Social Sciences	Anthropology		Material Culture, Technology & Archaeological Interpretation	Full disclosure of excavation context, sampling strategy, lab methods, instrument calibration, classification criteria, and analytical uncertainty; open-access artifact catalogs, GIS layers, and 3D scans where ethical; documentation of interpretive assumptions and limitations.
Social Sciences	Anthropology		Ethnographic Method & Comparative Analysis	Full disclosure of fieldwork context, positionality, sampling decisions, transcription choices, coding procedures, analytic assumptions, and limitations; sharing anonymized primary data where ethical; documenting uncertainties in interpretation; clarifying translation challenges.
Social Sciences	Economics		Choice (Microeconomic Foundations)	Full disclosure of experimental protocols, instruments, price changes, information treatments, estimation methods, assumptions, and robustness checks; clarity about limitations of data and models.
Social Sciences	Economics		Interaction (Markets, Strategy & Mechanisms)	Disclosing mechanism rules, payoffs, randomization procedures, parameter values, identification strategies, estimation methods, equilibrium assumptions, and robustness tests; reporting failures or off-equilibrium behaviors; clarifying incentive structures and information.
Social Sciences	Economics		Aggregation & Dynamics (Macroeconomic Systems)	Clear disclosure of data sources, filtering methods, priors, solver choices, estimation algorithms, and calibration targets; transparent assumptions about shocks and policies; publication of code, replication files, and robustness checks; explicit discussion of structural limitations.
Social Sciences	Geography (Human)		Spatial Patterns & Spatial Analysis	Disclosing data sources, projections, preprocessing steps, model assumptions, and uncertainty bounds; publishing geodatabases where permissible; sharing code for spatial-analysis pipelines; documenting resolution limits; specifying boundary and scale choices; stating known biases.
Social Sciences	Geography (Human)		Mobility, Flows & Connectivity	Full disclosure of mobility-data sources, preprocessing, coordinate systems, network definitions, parameter choices, and uncertainty bounds; open-source model code where possible; explicit discussion of known biases in mobility datasets; clear articulation of flow definitions; publication of metadata.
Social Sciences	Geography (Human)		Human–Environment Interaction & Landscape Modification	Full disclosure of data sources, spatial resolutions, classification schemes, sampling methods, calibration steps, model assumptions, and uncertainty bounds; sharing code, GIS layers, and metadata when permissible; documenting interpretive limits for paleoenvironmental reconstruction.
Social Sciences	Geography (Human)		Place, Territory & Spatial Experience	Full disclosure of coding rules, mapping methods, sensory-metric thresholds, interview protocols, positionality statements, and contextual limitations; publication of anonymized datasets where ethical; explicit articulation of interpretive uncertainty; documented rationale for category definitions and spatial units.
Social Sciences	Linguistics		Phonetics & Phonology	Full disclosure of recording parameters, segmentation criteria, formant-tracking settings, acoustic filters, perceptual-test instructions, model assumptions, and phonological rule/constraint formulations.
Social Sciences	Linguistics		Morphology	Full disclosure of segmentation criteria, morphological tags, feature coding, corpus sources, annotation guidelines, exclusion rules, model assumptions, and analytic pipelines.
Social Sciences	Linguistics		Syntax	Full disclosure of judgment-task instructions, corpus sources, annotation protocols, parser settings, theoretical assumptions, exclusion criteria, and analytic pipelines used in syntactic research.
Social Sciences	Linguistics		Semantics	Full disclosure of stimuli sets, task instructions, coding protocols, world-knowledge assumptions, interpretation criteria, model assumptions, and cross-linguistic sampling procedures.
Social Sciences	Linguistics		Pragmatics	Disclosing contextual setups, stimuli design, coding criteria, task instructions, algorithmic assumptions, annotation protocols, and cross-cultural considerations; reporting ambiguity sources and interpretation variability.
Social Sciences	Political Science		Political Institutions & Formal Political Order	Full disclosure of coding schemes, archival sources, institutional definitions, methodological choices, estimation methods, model assumptions, robustness checks, and limitations; transparent documentation of institutional typologies and cross-national coding decisions.
Social Sciences	Political Science		Political Behavior, Mobilization & Collective Action	Full disclosure of sampling strategies, survey instruments, coding schemes, experimental protocols, statistical models, digital-data collection methods, preprocessing decisions, and assumptions; documentation of uncertainty in estimates and identification strategies.
Social Sciences	Political Science		Governance, Policy Formation & State Capacity	Disclosing data sources, coding rules, administrative definitions, estimation methods, and assumptions; publishing replication files; documenting measurement uncertainty; clarifying limitations in capacity metrics and governance indicators.
Social Sciences	Political Science		International Relations & Global Order	Public release of codebooks, data, and model specifications; clear disclosure of assumptions, coding decisions, robustness thresholds, missing-data handling; documenting uncertainty; explicit justification of operational definitions (e.g., conflict, alliance, norm).
Social Sciences	Psychology		Cognitive Processes & Mental Architecture	Full disclosure of task parameters, sampling methods, preprocessing steps, model assumptions, instrument settings, analytic pipelines, and exclusion criteria.
Social Sciences	Psychology		Learning, Conditioning & Behavioral Mechanisms	Full disclosure of reinforcement schedules, stimulus parameters, trial counts, exclusion criteria, apparatus calibration, and modeling assumptions; clear reporting of motivational controls.
Social Sciences	Psychology		Emotion, Motivation & Affect Regulation	Full disclosure of stimuli sets, induction paradigms, reward structures, physiological-preprocessing steps, data exclusions, regulation-instruction scripts, and analytic parameters.
Social Sciences	Psychology		Development, Individual Differences & Psychometrics	Disclosing item content constraints, scoring rules, calibration procedures, norming samples, missing-data methods, measurement invariance checks, and model parameters; reporting error estimates and limitations.
Social Sciences	Sociology		Social Interaction Mechanisms	Full disclosure of coding schemes, observational protocols, cultural context, researcher role, emotional-rating criteria, sampling choices, and interpretive assumptions.
Social Sciences	Sociology		Social Structure Mechanisms	Full disclosure of class-coding rules, data sources, mobility definitions, network-construction parameters, boundary criteria, and measurement assumptions.
Social Sciences	Sociology		Social Network & Relational Dynamics	Full disclosure of network-construction rules, data sources, tie definitions, weighting criteria, sampling procedures, preprocessing assumptions, and algorithmic parameters.